SpaceWeather updates

**Carol** Mon Feb 12, 2024 7:02 am

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Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Mon Feb 12, 2024 7:02 am

Solar Flare, Impacts Expected, Bad Volcano Article,
Solar Forcing | S0 News Feb.11.2024

Galactic Superwave | Basic Introduction

==

GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G1-G2): Multiple CMEs are expected to graze Earth's magnetic field this week. The two most significant ones were launched on Feb. 10th by eruptions linked to sunspot AR3576. NOAA forecasters say G1-class geomagnetic storms are possible on Feb. 12th, escalating to G2-class on Feb. 13th. High-latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras when the CMEs arrive. Solar wind speed: 515.0 km/sec

FAST-GROWING SUNSPOTS: These sunspots didn't exist when the weekend began. Now they are many times larger than Earth. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded their rapid development in this two-day movie:

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Newspots_strip_opt

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Newspots_strip_opt

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/12feb24/newspots_strip_opt.gif

NOAA has numbered these active regions AR3582 (right) and AR3583 (left). Both show signs of developing mixed-polarity magnetic fields that could pose a threat for Earth-directed solar flares. If their rapid growth continues apace, they will be the largest spots on the solar disk by the end of today. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

STRONG EARTH-DIRECTED SOLAR FLARE AND CME: Sunspot AR3576 erupted on Feb 10th (2703 UT), producing an M9-class solar flare only percentage points from category X. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured the extreme ultraviolet flash:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/10feb24/m9_teal_anim_strip.gif

Radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere. This, in turn, caused a strong shortwave radio blackout over the Pacific Ocean. Mariners and ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal at frequencies below 30 MHz for as much as an hour after the flare's peak.

Of greater interest is the coronal mass ejection (CME). New images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory show an assymetric halo CME with an Earth-directed component. A NASA model predicts it will reach Earth on Feb. 13th:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/11feb24/nasamodel_crop_strip.gif

Although the majority of the CME will pass north of Earth, a significant fraction of the cloud is on the sun-Earth line. Its impact could spark G1- to G2-class geomagnetic storm. Aurora-lovers could see lights in the sky the night before Valentine's Day.

Last edited by Carol on Fri Mar 15, 2024 10:11 am; edited 1 time in total

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Mon Feb 12, 2024 12:17 pm

Carol

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Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Mon Feb 12, 2024 12:17 pm

A Big X-Flare, a Near X, & Three Earth-Directed Storms | Space Weather Spotlight 11 February 2024 - Dr.Tamitha Skov
This Space Weather News forecast sponsored in part by Millersville University:
https://www.millersville.edu/swen

Our Sun has gotten so busy over the past week that I have had to update this forecast three times before releasing it to the public! This week our Sun has fired no less than seven mid-to-high M-class flares along with an X-class flare and has launched at least three Earth-directed solar storms. This means aurora photographers have something to look forward to, especially near February 12- 14. Aurora photographers clear down to mid-latitudes have a good chance to catch some aurora views during a series of solar storms headed towards Earth. In addition, big solar flares and radio blackouts continue to impact the dayside of Earth. Amateur radio operators and GPS users should remain vigilant this week as the chance for big radio blackouts up to the R3-level is high. Aviators should also take heed since we have an S2-level radiation storm ongoing with a polar cap absorption event that could cause additional trouble for navigation and HF radio communications, especially over the poles. Learn the details of the coming solar storms, see why big radio blackouts remain on the menu, and find out what else our Sun has in store.
==

Amid its economy’s public debt surpassing the $34 trillion mark, JP Morgan CEO Jamie Dimon has predicted a major US Financial crisis. Specifically, Dimon noted that the country is facing a global market “rebellion” amid its growing debt numbers.
Moreover, he is not alone. Bank of America CEO Brian Moynihan has noted the need to take control of what is an undeniable problem. The unsettling growth in US debt has continued amid the growing BRICS economic alliance.

https://watcher.guru/news/brics-jp-morgan-ceo-predicts-major-us-financial-crisis
==

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Tue Feb 13, 2024 6:57 am

Carol

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Post n°278

Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Tue Feb 13, 2024 6:57 am

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrLlqdI97HM
Solar Eruptions Continue, Climate Maps,
Bad Model | S0 News Feb.13.2024

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0BeXxGEbl8
Big Eruption, Big Debunking | Don't Fall for Nonsense

\SOLAR RADIATION STORM IN PROGRESS: An S2-class solar radiation storm is in progress on Feb. 13th. It started yesterday when an explosion on the sun's southwestern limb hurled a blizzard of energetic protons toward Earth. Twenty-four hours later, they're still coming. The storm is rich in "hard protons" with energies greater than 50 MeV. It is causing a shortwave radio blackout inside the Arctic Circle and speckling the cameras of some Earth-orbiting satellites. Solar wind speed: 431.7 km/sec

IS A 'CANNIBAL CME' COMING? Since Feb. 7th, the sun has hurled multiple CMEs into space. A handful of them might hit Earth this week. A new NOAA forecast model shows at least three solar storm clouds approaching for strikes on Feb. 13th:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/12feb24/multipleCMEs_model_strip.jpg

The closely-spaced arrival of these three CMEs could spark G1 (Minor) to G2-class (Moderate) geomagnetic storms with high-latitude auroras in northern Europe, Canada, and northern-tier US states from Maine to Washington.

There's a chance (slim but non-zero) that these CMEs will pile up to form a Cannibal CME. This happens when one fast-moving CME sweeps up slower-moving CMEs in front of it. Cannibal CMEs typically contain strong shocks and enhanced magnetic fields that do a good job sparking geomagnetic storms. If such a pile-up occurs, the combined strike could cause a G3 (Strong) geomagnetic storm with auroras at mid-latitudes.
==

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Wed Feb 14, 2024 8:02 am

Carol

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Post n°279

Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Wed Feb 14, 2024 8:02 am

Another Sign of the Magnetic Pole Shift (and more) | S0 News Feb.14.2024

ELECTRIC WEATHER | Where, Why and How

==

WAITING FOR THE CMEs: Multiple CMEs expected to hit Earth's magnetic field on Feb. 13th either missed or they are running late. NOAA is betting on the latter. The official forecast calls for minor G1-class geomagnetic storms on Feb 14th in response to the overdue CMEs. Solar wind speed: 456.6 km/sec

SOLAR RADIATION STORM UPDATE: For the third day in a row, energetic protons from the sun are raining down on Earth. However, the storm is subsiding. It is now a minor S1-class event. The storm's one lingering effect is a polar cap absorption event (PCA):

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Pca_strip

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Pca_strip

Red zones in this global map show where shortwave radio transmissions are being absorbed. Frequencies below 15 MHz are almost completely blacked out, while anything below 35 MHz is being attentuated, at least a little.

This is a direct result of the ongoing solar radiation storm. Earth's magnetic field funnels the proton rain toward the poles where their ionizing effect causes the absorption of shortwave radio. The south pole is more strongly effected than the north pole because it is now summer in the south; that side of Earth is tilted into the radiation storm.

The absorption event could last for days; you can can monitor its progress here. https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Fri Feb 16, 2024 8:37 am

Carol

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Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Fri Feb 16, 2024 8:37 am

X Class Flare, Grand Solar Minimum, Excursions | S0 News Feb.16.2024

Cold Climate Bomb is Coming

Yellowstone Supervolcano Showing NEW SIGNS of MAJOR ERUPTION

THE FORECAST CALLS FOR QUIET: No CMEs are heading for Earth. As a result, geomagnetic storms are unlikely for the next 3 days. This could change if the sun suddenly produces a big, fast eruption, but for now the forecast calls for quiet. Solar wind speed: 401.8 km/sec
==

THE DANGER OF SUNSPOTS THAT DON'T FACE EARTH: Big sunspot AR3576 is about to disappear over the sun's western limb. This makes it uniquely dangerous. Scroll past this farewell shot from astronomer Philippe Tosi to find out why:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/15feb24/departure_strip.jpg

Sunspots located near the sun's western limb are magnetically connected to Earth. The sun's magnetic field spirals around like a lawn sprinker--a shape known as the "Parker spiral." Look at this diagram. Lines of magnetic force coming out of the western limb curve around and touch our planet.

AR3576 is now in the "danger zone." If there is an eruption today, or in the next couple of days, debris may be funneled back to Earth by the Parker spiral. The resulting radiation storm could pepper satellites with high-energy protons, fogging cameras and causing reboots of onboard electronics. At such times, shortwave radio propagation can become difficult to impossible especially around the poles.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sun Feb 18, 2024 6:52 am

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Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Sun Feb 18, 2024 6:52 am

Another Big Eruption, Storm Alert, Food Chain Risks | S0 News Feb.18.2024

The Sun Impacts Hurricanes

Big CME, Solar Forcing of Weather, Continental Break-Up | S0 News Feb.17.2024

The Earth is Vibrating at the Lowest Frequencies Right Now

Heavy proton radiation storms and x-class solar flares wave created continuous waves of geomagnetic pulsations which are vibrating Earth at ultra-low sub 5 Hz frequencies.

Geomagnetic pulsations strongly connect to our biofield, our cardiovascular system, our HEART, and thus they're important to be aware of
==

BIG FARSIDE SUNSPOT: There's a sunspot on the farside of the sun large enough to affect the way the whole sun vibrates. Helioseismic images have pinpointed it just behind the sun's northeastern limb. The sunspot (or sunspot group) should turn to face Earth this week. Solar windspeed: 476.0 km/sec

A RARE ERUPTION FROM THE SOUTH POLE: Most explosions on the sun happen near the equator where sunspots tend to cluster. Yesterday, however, something blew perpendicular to the usual direction. Argentine astronomer Eduardo Schaberger Poupeau caught a jet of plasma erupting from the sun's south pole:

https://spaceweathergallery2.com/indiv_upload.php?upload_id=203882

"On Feb. 17th, minutes before noon in my country, I was able to photograph an incredible event: An explosion that ejected a jet of plasma over 200,000 km high from the south pole of the sun," says Poupeau. "The plasma column was so large, I had to rotate the camera to fit it into the frame. It was truly a wonderful spectacle."

The polar blast propelled a bright CME straight down, out of the plane of the solar system. No planet will be struck. Although if a comet is below the sun (comets can go there) it could have its tail ripped off by the solar storm cloud.

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/17feb24/southernCME.gif

This rare eruption appears to be linked to an unstable polar crown filament--a twisted strand of magnetism circling the sun's south pole. Solar astronomers have known about these circular filaments for more than a century. Long-term studies show that they shrink in size near Solar Maximum, like a tightening noose around their respective poles.

Indeed, that's why these events happen most often around Solar Max. Intense magnetic fields strangled together in tight spaces love to explode. Solar Max is coming soon, so stay tuned for more polar activity.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Thu Feb 22, 2024 7:17 am

Carol

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Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Thu Feb 22, 2024 7:17 am

Two X Class Flares, Two Other Eruptions, Solar Watch is High | S0 News Feb.22.2024

Magnetic Pole Shift | Ionosphere and Atmosphere

A SUNSPOT YOU CAN SEE USING ECLIPSE GLASSES: Got eclipse glasses? If so, put them on and look at the sun. There's no eclipse today, but there's still something to see. A giant sunspot is crossing the solar disk. AR3590 is so big you can see it without magnification. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

X-CLASS SOLAR FLARE (UPDATED): Big sunspot AR3590 is as dangerous as it looks. Late yesterday (Feb. 21 @ 2307 UT), the active region produced a powerful X1.8-class solar flare with a shortwave radio blackout over the western USA and Pacific Ocean. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the extreme ultraviolet flash:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/21feb24/x1p2_strip.jpg

The explosion did not produce a CME, at least not a bright one. NOAA analysts are still inspecting SOHO coronagraph data for signs of a storm cloud. If they find one, it will be reported here.

This could be the first of many flares from AR3590. The sunspot has an unstable 'beta-gamma-delta' magnetic field that harbors energy for multiple X-class explosions.
==

SOLAR ECLIPSE COMET: Anticipation is building for a rare sight during the April 8th total solar eclipse. In addition to the sun's corona, there's going to be a comet. 12P/Pons-Brooks will be close to the sun during totality, potentially visible to the naked eye inside the Moon's shadow.

Here's what it looks like right now:
https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/20feb24/12p_strip.jpg
==

Two X-class solar flares – X1.8 and X1.7 erupt from Region 3590 - Thursday, February 22, 2024

Two X-class solar flares erupted over the past 9 hours — the first was X1.8 at 23:07 UTC on February 21 and the second X1.7 at 06:32 UTC on February 22, 2024. Both erupted from Active Region 3590.

There were no apparent coronal mass ejections (CMEs) produced during these events.

The possibility of Earth-directed CMEs will change in the days ahead as AR 3590 moves into a geoeffective position. Additionally, the region has a beta-gamma-delta magnetic configuration and is capable of producing more major eruptions on the Sun.

Radio frequencies were forecast to be most degraded over east Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Ocean at the time of the X1.8 flare and over east Africa, parts of the Middle East, India, China, Indonesia, and central and west Australia at the time of the X1.7 flare.

There is only one other active region on the Sun (AR 3586) but it has been stable and inactive for several days.

Additionally, an eruptive filament was observed starting around 15:00 UTC on February 21 in the NW quadrant, and an eruptive prominence at 16:00 UTC on the SE limb.

Material associated with the limb event is not expected to be directed toward Earth, SWPC said at 00:30 UTC today, adding that analysis of the filament eruption will be completed once coronagraph from SOHO imagery becomes available.

Former AR 3575, which has a history of producing X-class flares, is expected to return to the visible disk today, increasing chances for moderate solar activity and M-class flares as it comes into view over the next day or two.

AR 3590 also has the continued potential to produce M- and X-class flares as it rotates toward the center of the disk.

The solar wind environment is expected to be at nominal levels through February 24. During the same period, geomagnetic field conditions are expected to be at mostly quiet levels.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sat Feb 24, 2024 7:29 am

Carol

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Post n°283

Re: SpaceWeather updates

Carol Sat Feb 24, 2024 7:29 am

Solar Flare Watch, Severe Storm Alert, Radcliffe Wave | S0 News Feb.24.2024

Network Outage Was the Sun - END OF STORY

Hmm? maybe yes maybe not

3 X Class Solar Flares, Satellite/Network Issues, Biggest Flare of the Cycle | S0 News Feb.23.2024

==

CELL NETWORK OUTAGE EXPLAINED: A 12-hour outage of AT&T's network on Thursday interrupted cell phone service for tens of thousands of Americans. The outage coincided with a series of X-class solar flares from giant sunspot AR3590. However, the solar flares have been exonerated. AT&T did it to themselves. "Based on our initial review, we believe the outage was caused by the application and execution of an incorrect process used as we were expanding our network," the company reported.

WHAT MAKES THIS SUNSPOT SO DANGEROUS? Don't be surprised if there's another X-flare this weekend. Giant sunspot AR3590 is directly facing Earth, and it has an unstable magnetic field that harbors energy for the strongest explosions. This magnetic map from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory shows what makes the sunspot so dangerous:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/24feb24/latest_4096_HMIBC_lab_crop_strip.jpg

Most sunspots have a simple magnetic field with only two poles: + (plus) and - (minus). Sunspot AR3590 is more like a layer cake with a whole stack of pluses and minuses. Opposite magnetic polarities pressed together in this way can lead to explosive magnetic reconnection--the mechanism behind solar flares. Indeed, only two days ago AR3590 unleashed the strongest solar flare of Solar Cycle 25 (X6.3).

NOAA forecasters say there is a 30% chance of another X-flare this weekend. If it happens, the flare will be geoeffective because the sunspot is directly facing Earth.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Wed Feb 28, 2024 9:11 am

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Carol Wed Feb 28, 2024 9:11 am

Solar Flare Watch, Major Fire, Galactic Magnetic Field | S0 News Feb.28.2024

The Official Solar-Heinrich-Magnetic Cycle
==

BIG FARSIDE SUNSPOT: Helioseismic images of the farside of the sun reveal a large sunspot on the sun's southern hemisphere. It will turn to face Earth this weekend, possibly bringing an uptick in solar activity. Aurora alerts: SMS Text

THIS SUN HALO IS NOT SUPPOSED TO BE HERE YET: Residents of the US midwest have been experiencing strange weather this week. Winter isn't over, but it feels like spring. People are playing golf in shortsleeves, flowers are blooming, and pollen is in the air. Indeed, there's so much pollen it's making halos around the sun:

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Pollenhalo_strip

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Pollenhalo_strip

Mike S. Nomine photographed this example yesterday in Jefferson City, Missouri. "I was driving home at dusk when I noticed this pollen halo," he says. "There were multiple rings of light around the setting sun."

This halo isn't supposed to be here yet. It's only February! Pollen halos usually wait for spring.

In fact, February does have sun halos, but they're made of ice. Frozen crystals in winter clouds refract sunlight to create a wide 22-degree circle around the sun. Pollen halos (also known as "pollen coronas") distinguish themselves from ice halos by their pastel color and tight clustering around the sun. If you live in the midwest, watch for them this week as the strange weather continues.

THE TAIL OF COMET 12P: Cryovolcanic comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is approaching the sun for a close encounter in April, and solar activity is having an effect on the comet's tail. Consider these two photos taken by amateur astronomer Michael Jaeger of Austria and Nick James of the British Astronomical Association:

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Comettails_strip

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Comettails_strip

Jaeger's close-up image shows a wild spray of gaseous plumes emerging from the comet's nucleus. These may be exhaust plumes from ice geysers on the comet's surface, which are opening in response to increasing solar heat. James's broader view of the comet shows a sharp bend in the comet's tail (circled). This is almost certainly caused by a gust of solar wind or, perhaps, a passing CME.

Comet 12P is brightening every night as it falls toward the sun. Right now it is 7th magnitude and a relatively easy target for backyard telescopes.
==

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Thu Feb 29, 2024 9:47 am

Carol

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Carol Thu Feb 29, 2024 9:47 am

Solar Flare, West Coast Quakes, Flare Effects | S0 News Feb.29.2024
Swarm building off the US West Coast near the California/Oregon border.

Sun Colors: What Are We Seeing?

==

A GLANCING-BLOW CME IS COMING: NOAA forecasters say that a CME might graze Earth's magnetic field on March 2nd. It was hurled into space yesterday when a magnetic filament attached to sunspot AR3592 erupted. The impact could spark minor G1-class geomagnetic storms.

NASA'S STRIKE ON ASTEROID DIMORPHOS--NEW RESULTS: This is not what NASA expected to happen. Back in Sept. 2022, the space agency's DART spacecraft slammed into asteroid-moon Dimorphos, blasting huge streamers of debris into space and changing its orbit around Didymos. Mission planners figured there must be a crater where the spacecraft struck, but new research published this week in Nature Astronomy suggests something completely different happened.

"Our simulations indicate that the DART impact caused a global deformation and resurfacing of Dimorphos," the authors write. "ESA's upcoming Hera mission may find a reshaped asteroid rather than a well-defined crater."

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/28feb24/sim_strip.jpg
Above: Observations and simulations of the DART strike on Dimorphos. [full caption]

Led by Sabina Raducan, a postdoc at the University of Bern's Physics Institute in Switzerland, the team of researchers modeled DART's impact using Bern's hydrodynamics shock physics code. The software has successfully reproduced other impacts such as the time in 2019 when Japan dropped a copper impactor into asteroid Ryugu.

After running more than 250 simulations, the team concluded that Didymos is a rubble pile--a loose mixture of dust, stones, and boulders "with a cohesive strength less than a few pascals." DART's impact ejected more than 10 million kg of this material. Instead of producing a crater, DART changed the shape of the entire pile.

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/28feb24/fig4_crop_strip.jpg
Above: Computer simulations of the global reshaping of Dimorphos. [full caption] [source]

"Our findings serve as crucial evidence regarding the origin of Dimorphos as a secondary in a double asteroid system," the authors say.

Their results suggest that Dimorphos is a loose collection of debris from the rapidly-spinning parent Didymos. Whenever something flies off Didymos, because of, say, a meteorite collision, it tends to settle on Dimorphos, a process which can take several days to years.

Hera's visit to Dimorphos in 2027-28 may confirm these findings. If so, it will give NASA something to think about as the space agency tries to figure out how to deflect potentially dangerous asteroids in the years ahead.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sat Mar 02, 2024 7:22 am

Carol

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Carol Sat Mar 02, 2024 7:22 am

Beaufort Gyre Worse Than Predicted, Micronovae are Common | S0 News Mar.2.2024

==

A GLANCING-BLOW CME IS COMING (MAYBE): NOAA forecasters say that a CME might graze Earth's magnetic field late on March 2nd. It was hurled into space yesterday when a magnetic filament attached to sunspot AR3592 erupted. The impact could spark minor G1-class geomagnetic storms.

GIANT SUNSPOT VISIBLE FROM MARS: For the past two weeks, astronomers on Earth have marveled at the size and violence of sunspot AR3590. It unleashed the strongest solar flare of Solar Cycle 25 (X6.3) and, at one point, was more than half the size of Carrington's sunspot. Now AR3590 is visible from Mars. Mars rover Perseverance saw it yesterday from Jezero crater:

This weekend, AR3590 will rotate off the Earthside of the sun. Perseverance can keep track of it for us; the Mars rover has a good view of the sun's farside, where AR3590 will spend the next two weeks. If it does not decay, the sunspot could become a renewed threat for Earth-directed flares in mid-March when it turns our way again.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sun Mar 03, 2024 7:15 am

Carol

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Carol Sun Mar 03, 2024 7:15 am

Solar Cloud/Temperature Forcing, Sunspot Cycle | S0 News Mar.3.2024

Fire and Ice Disasters | Big News x2

WAITING FOR THE CME: A CME expected to graze Earth's magnetic field on March 2nd did not arrive on time. NOAA forecasters believe it might still be coming. An overdue impact on March 3rd could spark auroras around the Arctic circle.

GIANT SUNSPOT VISIBLE FROM MARS: For the past two weeks, astronomers on Earth have marveled at the size and violence of sunspot AR3590. It unleashed the strongest solar flare of Solar Cycle 25 (X6.3) and, at one point, was more than half the size of Carrington's sunspot. Now AR3590 is visible from Mars. Mars rover Perseverance saw it yesterday from Jezero crater:

This weekend, AR3590 will rotate off the Earthside of the sun. Perseverance can keep track of it for us; the Mars rover has a good view of the sun's farside, where AR3590 will spend the next two weeks. If it does not decay, the sunspot could become a renewed threat for Earth-directed flares in mid-March when it turns our way again.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Tue Mar 05, 2024 7:46 am

Carol

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Carol Tue Mar 05, 2024 7:46 am

Space Weather, SPHERE, Volcano, Geoelectric | S0 News Mar.5.2024
==

Part 2 Solar Forcing

==

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Aurora-forecast-1645-utc-on-march-3-2024

CME impact sparks G2 – Moderate geomagnetic storm
Monday, March 4, 2024
Image: https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/aurora-forecast-1645-utc-on-march-3-2024.webp

A coronal mass ejection (CME) produced by C5.1 solar flare on February 28, 2024, impacted Earth at approximately 08:45 UTC on March 3, producing G2 – Moderate geomagnetic storming.

Following the CMEs arrival, total field strength reached 19 nT, Bz reached -17 nT and solar wind speeds increased from 280 to 375 km/s.

The geomagnetic field was at quiet to unsettled levels through midday UTC on March 3 and then increased in activity to minor storm (G1 – Minor) and major storm (G2 – Moderate) over the next couple of hours.

CME impacts are now subsiding and only isolated active periods are expected on March 4. March 5 and 6 are expected to see quiet geomagnetic field conditions.

Solar activity was at low levels in 24 hours to 00:30 UTC on March 3, with low-level C-class flares observed from Regions 3589 (beta) and 3599 (beta).

There are currently 7 numbered active regions on the Earth side of the Sun today. While regions 3589 and 3599 showed signs of decay over the past 36 hours, the remaining regions were mostly stable.

There were no Earth-directed CMEs detected over the past 24 hours.
==

MARCH IS THE BEST MONTH OF THE YEAR FOR AURORAS: Did you know that March is the best month of the year for auroras? It's true. A 75-year study shows that March has more geomagnetically active days than any other month of the year. (October is a close second.) This is due to the Russell-McPherron effect. In short, cracks tend to form in Earth's magnetosphere during weeks around equinoxes, allowing solar wind to spark Northern Lights.

COMET 12P IS COMING TO LIFE: With a new ice-geyser outburst on Feb. 29th, Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks has crossed the threshold of binocular visibility. "It is now a 6th-magnitude object," reports Michael Jaeger, who made this 1-hour animation on March 2nd:

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 12p_strip_opt_crop

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 12p_strip_opt_crop

"It was easy to see in my 6x30 viewfinder," he says. "The view reminded me of galaxy M13 with a 0.5° tail."

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is "cryovolcanic." Its surface is dotted with geysers which spew a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and dissolved gasses when they are warmed by sunlight. There have been at least 6 significant eruptions since last December, one of them an incredible 5 magnitudes: light curve.

Right now, 12P is approaching the sun for a close encounter in April. Between now and then, forecasters expect 12P to brighten 10- to 15-fold, making it a naked-eye object at 3rd to 4th magnitude. This would be true even without any special geyser activity; the whole comet is sizzling as it approaches the sun. If any geysers do erupt in the weeks ahead, it could push the comet to even greater brightness.

Comet 12P has received a lot of attention because it could be visible during the April 8th solar eclipse. During totality, the comet will be close to Jupiter, both about 30 degrees from the eclipsed sun:

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Skymap2_strip2

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Skymap2_strip2

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/21feb24/skymap2_strip2.png

If the brightness of 12P peaks around 3rd or 4th magnitude, as predicted, it will not be visible to the naked eye in the twilight-darkness of the Moon's shadow. However, it should be an easy target for cameras. Indeed, many people taking wide angle photos of the eclipse will catch it by accident. May it continue to brighten!

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Thu Mar 07, 2024 8:02 am

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https://youtu.be/sIbQGUUkBKI
Possible CME, Magnetic Field & Global Conditions | S0 News Mar.7.2024

GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G1): NOAA has issued a minor geomagnetic (G1-class) storm watch for March 9th when a stream of solar wind is expected to graze Earth's magnetic field. Normally, this low-impact solar wind stream wouldn't cause a magnetic storm. However, at this time of year, even a gentle gust of solar wind can do the job because of the equinox Russell-McPherron effect. Aurora alerts: SMS Text

COMET 12P AND THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY: This week, cryovolcanic comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is passing by the Andromeda Galaxy in the western evening sky.

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Galaxyconjunction_strip

"This was wild," says Horálek. "On March 5th, I drove 300 km to Telgart, Slovakia, where the forecast predicted clear skies. But the forecast was wrong! When I reached Telgart, the sky was hopelessly cloudy. I almost gave up and was returning home through truly thick fog when, abruptly, the sky cleared. I pulled into a field where the comet was low over the horizon and blindly took this exposure."

It turned out pretty well.

Photographers, if you have clear skies, this is a good week to photograph Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks. It is about 10 degrees from the Andromeda Galaxy and bright enough to catch with a short nighttime exposure. The Andromeda Galaxy is magnitude +3.4 (visible to the naked eye on moonless nights); Comet 12P is not far behind at magnitude +5.5.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sat Mar 09, 2024 8:27 am

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Solar Flare, Electric Senses, Deep Field | S0 News

Magnetic Pole Shift Climate Impact

GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH: NOAA has issued a minor geomagnetic (G1-class) storm watch for today, March 9th, when a CME is expected to graze Earth's magnetic field. Normally, the glancing blow would not cause a magnetic storm. However, at this time of year, even a weak impact can do the job because of the equinox Russell-McPherron effect. Solar windspeed: 445.5 km/sec

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Mon Mar 11, 2024 7:50 am

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Air Force Warns of the Pole Shift, Solar Flare/CME | S0

Huge Solar Eruption, Sun and Health, Polar Storms | S0 News Mar.10.2024

THE MARTIAN SUNSPOT REPORT: NASA's Mars rover Perseverance has a good view of the farside of the sun. Today, the rover's MASTCAM is seeing three farside sunspots, two of them large. One of the big ones will rotate onto the Earthside of the sun later this week. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

A SNEAKY-DANGEROUS SUNSPOT: Sunspot AR3599 doesn't look dangerous. It is relatively small and has a simple, bipolar morphology--two factors which usually add up to "harmless." Yet yesterday (March 10 @ 1213 UT), it produced a strong M7.4-class solar flare:

Extreme ultraviolet radiation radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a strong shortwave radio blackout over Africa and the South Atlantic: map. Mariners and ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal for as much as 30 minutes after the flare.

Update: The explosion did produce a CME traveling ~750 km/s (1.7 million mph). The faint cloud will mostly miss Earth, passing ahead of our planet in its orbit. However, a NASA model suggests there could be a glancing blow late on March 13th. Minor G1-class geomagnetic storms are possible on that date

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Tue Mar 12, 2024 10:41 am

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Mapping the Bubble, 3 Science Curveballs | S0 News Mar.12.2024
Suspicious0bservers

A GLANCING-BLOW CME IS COMING (MAYBE): A CME might graze Earth's magnetic field on March 13th, according to a NASA model. It was hurled into space two days ago by a strong M7.4-class solar flare from sunspot AR3599. The glancing blow (if it occurs) will probably cause no more than a minor G1-class geomagnetic storm.

A SUNSPOT BIG ENOUGH TO SEE FROM MARS: Remember giant sunspot AR3950? Last month, it produced three X-class solar flares as it grew to become the largest sunspot of Solar Cycle 25. We haven't seen it for the past two weeks because it has been crossing the farside of the sun. NASA's Perseverance rover has been keeping track of it from Mars:

Chilean astronomer Patricio Leon assembled these images using publically-available data from NASA. "They show the sunspot traversing the farside of the sun from left to right (March 1-9th)," explains Leon. "Individual images have been rotated to give a rough E-W alignment."

Perseverance's observations from Mars confirm that the sunspot is alive and well, still large, and possibly active. "Based the sunspot's motion in these images, it should reappear on the Earthside of the sun around March 14th," says Leon.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Wed Mar 13, 2024 8:30 am

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Plasma Filaments, Records, Space Eye Candy | S0 News Mar.13.2024

Lightning at the North Pole

==

THE DAY THE SUN BROUGHT DARKNESS: Thirty-five years ago today, the greatest solar storm of the Space Age engulfed our planet. A powerful coronal mass ejection (CME) hit Earth early on March 13, 1989, and within 90 seconds, the entire Hydro-Québec power grid failed. During the 9-hour blackout that followed, millions of Quebecois found themselves with no light or heat. Happy Anniversary? Maybe. Power grids are better prepared today, and might be able to withstand a similar storm in 2024.
https://spaceweatherarchive.com/2021/03/12/the-great-quebec-blackout/

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Thu Mar 14, 2024 2:15 pm

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Rapid Field Changes, Solar Forcing, Filament Erupts | S0

==

QUIET WITH A SLIGHT CHANCE OF STORMS: Today, geomagnetic activity is low and the forecast calls for no bright auroras. However, a change may be in the offing. NOAA forecasters say that a CME might graze Earth's magnetic field on March 14th. A minor G1-class geomagnetic storm could result from the low-probability impact.
https://www.spaceweather.com/

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Fri Mar 15, 2024 10:10 am

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Proton Surge, Mars Volcano, Solar Forcing | S0 News Mar.15.2024

Solar CME Impact on Atmospheric Electricity

==

AURORAS LOVE EQUINOXES: The vernal equinox is only 4 days away. That's good news, because auroras love equinoxes. Researchers call it the "Russell-McPherron effect." At this time of year, cracks form in Earth's magnetic field. Even a weak CME or stream of solar wind can penetrate to spark a good display.

STEVE LOVES EQUINOXES, TOO: STEVE (Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement) is not an aurora, but it loves equinoxes, too. The reason is the same. Cracks in Earth's magnetic field let solar wind inside, and geomagnetic storms ensue. Plasma currents flowing like ribbons through Earth's disturbed magnetosphere glow purple in the night sky:

https://www.spaceweather.com/images2024/14mar24/steve_strip.jpg

Fred Hirschmann saw this example of STEVE over Glacier View, Alaska, on March 13th. "My wife, Randi, and I went outside for a midnight feeding of our outdoor wood furnace," he says. "Randi noticed a dim narrow band of light stretching from horizon to horizon overhead. I told her that might be STEVE, and I ran inside to grab my camera. Sure enough, a ten second exposure at f2.8 and ISO 1600 revealed the telltale purple color of this phenomenon."

After the sighting, Hirschmann checked the solar wind data on Spaceweather.com. "The magnetic field of the incoming solar wind had turned south for a couple of hours," he noted. This is exactly the condition that opens a "equinox crack".

With the vernal equinox less than a week away, high-latitude sky watchers should be alert for both STEVE and auroras. Happy Spring!

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Fri Mar 15, 2024 10:50 am

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IT'S COMING. April 8, 2024 Total Solar Eclipse: Here's what you need to know

==

Why the 2024 Solar Eclipse is Such a Big Deal

==

How to know if solar eclipse glasses are safe
==

Another solar eclipse due in April, but this one's historic

==

How the 2024 eclipse differs from the one in 2017

==

Earth's Biggest Threat (PART-2) : The Sun's Massive Solar Storm 2024!
In this video, we delve into the solar predictions and science behind solar flares and coronal mass ejections, how they form, and why they pose a threat to our technology-dependent society. We also discuss the potential impact on communication systems, power grids, and satellite networks

==

Nasa JUST ANNOUNCED a MASSIVE Solar Storm Will Hit Earth in 2024!

==

Watch Out! A Solar Storm is Coming and It’s Going to Be Awesome! In this episode, we will tell you everything you need to know about the solar storm that is heading our way and how it can create aurora lights or Northern Lights in some parts of the U.S. and other regions of the world. We will also explain how a solar storm can impact different systems and animals, and what are the benefits and challenges of witnessing this cosmic spectacle. This is a rare and exciting opportunity to see the beauty and power of the Sun-Earth connection.

==

Sun’s Magnetic Field is About to Flip, and There’s a Problem
The Sun's magnetic field is about to reverse as it reaches its peak activity in its 11-year solar cycle. The magnetic field reversal comes at a time of the Artemis mission, humanity's return to the Moon after more than half a century.

==

Total Solar Eclipse 2024 | Luke 21 Prophecy (Strange Signs In The Sky) - A bit preachy yet interesting.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sat Mar 16, 2024 8:05 am

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Carol Sat Mar 16, 2024 8:05 am

Solar Watch, Pole Shift Weather Impact, Proton Storm | S0 News Mar.16.2024

GRAND SOLAR MINIMUM - What/When

Proton Surge, Mars Volcano, Solar Forcing | S0 News Mar.15.2024

==

PROTONS ARE RAINING DOWN ON EARTH: Solar protons are raining down on Earth's upper atmosphere today following a March 14th explosion from departing sunspot AR3599. This is causing a polar cap absorption event. Shortwave radio transmissions inside the Arctic Circle are being absorbed by the ionizing effect of the protons. This event is expected to continue for at least another 24 hours.

AURORAS LOVE EQUINOXES: The vernal equinox is only 3 days away. That's good news, because auroras love equinoxes. Researchers call it the "Russell-McPherron effect."

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/JA078i001p00092

At this time of year, cracks form in Earth's magnetic field, allowing even weak gusts of solar wind to spark a good display. Here's an example last night from 35,000 ft:

https://spaceweathergallery2.com/indiv_upload.php?upload_id=204630

"While flying on the Dreamliner from Calgary to Paris, I witnessed an amazing display of auroras near Rankin Inlet in Canada," reports pilot Matt Melnyk. "At times we were so far north, I could see the aurora to the south! The flight deck is the best office view in the world."
==

Proton flux rising following multiple long-duration C-class flares, S1 – Minor solar radiation storm - Saturday, March 16, 2024
https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/soho-lasco-c2-and-c3-cme-march-15-2024-f.jpg.webp

Although solar activity was at low levels over the past 24 hours, multiple long-duration C-class solar flares, associated with activity from Region 3599 as it rotated beyond the west limb, produced coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that sent proton flux rising to S1 – Minor levels.

The greater than 10 MeV proton flux slowly became enhanced after 06:00 UTC on March 15, following activity from Region 3599 beyond the W limb, and reached S1 – Minor levels beginning at 20:50 UTC. The greater than 2 MeV electron flux was at normal to moderate levels.

These high-energy particles can reach Earth anywhere from 20 minutes to many hours following the initiating solar event. The particle energy spectrum and arrival time seen by satellites vary with the location and nature of the event on the solar disk.

On average, there are around 50 S1 – Minor solar radiation storms per solar cycle.

https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/soho-lasco-c2-at-0317-utc-on-march-15-2024.webp

While there are no biological effects or impacts to satellite operations under S1 conditions, minor impacts on HF radio are expected.

Biological concerns, per NOAA scale, start from S2 – Moderate conditions, mostly affecting passengers and crew in high-flying aircraft at high latitudes as they may be exposed to elevated radiation risk. During S2 storms, infrequent single-event upsets are possible in satellite operations, as well as small effects on HF propagation through the polar regions and navigation at polar cap locations.

SWPC forecasters expect proton flux to return to background levels by March 18, without reaching S2 levels.

https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/goes-proton-flux-5-minutes-march-16-2024.png.webp

Solar wind conditions were weakly enhanced over the past 24 hours due to influences of a positive polarity coronal hole high speed stream (CH HSS). Solar wind speeds ranged from 375 to 450 km/s, total field strength decreased from 7 nT to 4 nT, and Bz varied +/-5 nT. The phi angle was positive.

Weakly enhanced solar wind conditions are expected to prevail through March 17 due to continued CH HSS influences. Background levels are expected to return by March 18.

The geomagnetic field was at quiet to active levels due to CH HSS influences and is expected to be at quiet and unsettled levels through March 17 due to continued CH HSS influences. Quiet conditions are expected on March 18.

Solar activity is expected to be low today, with a slight chance for M-class flares due primarily to the eruptive potential of Region 3599 as it rotates further beyond the W limb. Very low to low levels are expected on March 17 – 18.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Fri Mar 22, 2024 7:43 am

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Smoke Rises from the Sea, Solar Storm, Flare Risk | S0 News Mar.22.2024

CME SPARKS GEOMAGNETIC STORM: A CME hit Earth's magnetic field on March 21st (0230 UT), sparking a 9-hour-long geomagnetic storm (G1-class). The longevity of the storm was caused by two broad regions of south-pointing magnetism in the CME's wake. As Earth passed through those regions, cracks opened in Earth's magnetic field; solar wind poured in to extend the storm. We're still waiting for pictures of the resulting equinox auroras.

A SCATTERED, SHATTERED SUNSPOT: AR3615 isn't like most other sunspots. It looks like it has been stepped on and shattered. Earlier today, Philippe Tosi of Nîmes, France, photographed the sunspot's 40+ cores and inserted a picture of Earth for scale:

Only one or two of the sunspot's primary cores re close in size to Earth. The others are about the size of moons or continents--all scattered like dice over an area some 200,000 km wide.

The unusual complexity of AR3615 is a sign of potential danger. Magnetic poles sprouting from all these cores are crowded; opposite polarities pressed together could reconnect explosively to produce a strong solar flare. Indeed, it would not be a surprise if AR3615 produced an X-flare before the coming weekend is over.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sat Mar 23, 2024 8:22 am

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Massive CME produced from The X Flare today. Earth Directed. Friday night update 3/22/2024

Earth Directed X-Flare Event in Progress. Double Flaring taking place. Friday 3/22/2024

X Class Solar Flare & Earth-Directed CME | S0 News Mar.23.2024

M Class Solar Flare - More Flares Likely

CO-ROTATING INTERACTION REGION: NOAA forecasters say that a co-rotating interaction region (CIR) could hit Earth's magnetic field on Mar. 25th, potentially sparking a G1-class geomagnetic storm. CIRs are transition zones between fast- and slow-moving streams of solar wind. They contain shock waves and compressed magnetic fields that can do a good job igniting auroras.

STRONG X-CLASS SOLAR FLARE: The sun just produced a solar flare so strong, it took two sunspots to make it. The long-duration X1.1-class flare started on March 23rd around 0130 UT when both AR3615 and AR3615 erupted. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the double blast:

This is called a "sympathetic solar flare." Sympathetic flares are pairs of flares that occur almost simultaneously in widely-spaced sunspots, not by chance, but because of an unseen physical connection. Nearly-invisible magnetic loops in the sun's corona connect some sunspots, allowing explosive instabilities to travel from one to the other. Some sympathetic flares are so much alike, they are considered to be twins.

This X-class event lasted for more than 5 hours, plenty of time to lift a CME out of the sun's atmosphere. Confirmation awaits fresh data from SOHO coronagraphs.

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

**Carol** Sat Mar 23, 2024 8:47 am

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Major, long-duration X1.1 solar flare erupts from geoeffective region, producing full halo CME - Saturday, March 23, 2024

Awesome image photo: https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/stereo-ahead-cor2-0323-utc-halo-cme-march-23-2024-f.webp

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Esa-nasa-soho-lasco-c3-at-0442-utc-on-march-23-2024

SpaceWeather updates - Page 12 Esa-nasa-soho-lasco-c3-at-0442-utc-on-march-23-2024

https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/esa-nasa-soho-lasco-c3-at-0442-utc-on-march-23-2024.webp

A major, long-duration solar flare measuring X1.1 erupted from Active Region 3614 (provisional) at 01:33 UTC on March 23, 2024. The event started at 00:58 and ended at 02:21 UTC. A full halo CME was produced, with impacts to Earth likely late March 25 or early March 26.

A Type II Radio Emission with an estimated velocity of 791 km/s was associated with the event — indicating a coronal mass ejection (CME) was produced.

In addition, a 10cm Radio Burst (tenflare) lasting 66 minutes and with a peak flux of 240 sfu was also associated with this event. A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

The event produced a full halo CME and part of it is likely Earth-directed. “This could easily give us G2, possibly G3-level impacts, sometime late March 25 or early March 26,” Dr. Tamitha Skov said. “Waiting for NASA and NOAA models to confirm,” Skov added.

Radio frequencies were forecast to be most degraded over Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, and New Zealand at the time of the flare.

The flare was still in progress when a solar filament erupted near Region 3615, producing what might be an M-class event.

Proton flux levels started sharply rising following this activity (at 03:50 UTC) and are now approaching the S1 – Minor solar radiation storm threshold. As a result, an S1 – Minor solar radiation storm watch is in effect through 21:00 UTC today.

Furthermore, a G1 – Minor geomagnetic storm is currently in progress. Additional enhancements are likely on March 24 from the anticipated co-rotating interaction region (CIR) ahead of a negative polarity coronal hole high speed stream (CH HSS), with isolated periods of G1 – Minor storming likely on March 25.

https://watchers.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/drap-x1.1-solar-flare-march-23-2024.webp
Strong X-Ray Flux on planet
==

_________________
What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night, the breath of a buffalo in the wintertime. It is the little shadow which runs across the grass and loses itself in the sunset.
With deepest respect ~ Aloha & Mahalo, Carol

tMoA

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