Archangelic Queens of Heaven and the United States of the Solar System

I'm going to immerse myself in the following material (which I have a rather difficult time sticking with for any length of time):

1. The 'Amen Ra' thread from the original and now closed Project Avalon site.
2. The two 'Red Pill' threads on this site.
3. The Courtney Brown free e-books on his site.
4. The Alex Collier free e-books.
5. The 'Holy Tablets'.
6. Various Egyptology books and sites.

In many respects, I really do not want to do this. There seems to be a HUGE mental-block. Could this be because of reincarnational-baggage or because various and sundry entities don't want me to exhaustively study this material? I have to exercise an extreme amount of discipline to try to deal with all of this. Perhaps there are some things I should simply leave alone. Perhaps there are some legitimate reasons why the societies are secret. My level of discomfort has been unbearable for most of my life -- and the materials listed above seem to make things a lot worse -- but I feel compelled to consider all of the possibilities -- regardless of the source -- and regardless of whether they make me (or anyone else) feel good about ourselves, or not. Unfortunately, I seem to ultimately make everyone (including me) hate me. I was told a very long time ago that 'giving people what they want, and telling them what they want to hear, is the way to go'. Perhaps this is why humanity has seemingly been ruled by secrecy and deception for thousands of years. Wasn't it Helena Blavatsky who said 'What is one to do, when to rule men, it is necessary to deceive them?!" Do we demand deception -- or do we gladly take the red pill? Here are some interesting posts by Brook and Lionhawk on the first 'Red Pill' thread. They are sequential, but might be separated by dozens of posts. They should write a book together. Siriusly.

Brook: "For those of you afraid to take the red pill...you might want to stop reading and participating in this thread now... as I've found from personal experience, that it will activate within you, if you let it...certain "knowings” that will surface at any given time. And in that knowledge, you may find it will not be everything you wanted to know. But then again remember...the truth will set you free. And in knowing the truth...remember you have free will...and can make choices accordingly.

That being said, I will start by recommending a thread that was started by Orthodoxymoron, who I might add was brilliant in his deduction from AV1, and as it progressed I believe it brought to light some things that will stimulate your way of thinking about the “Egyptian” folklore of the “gods” they worshiped, and the symbols now being currently used in the Illuminati scheme of things.

http://www.projectavalon.net/forum/showthread.php?t=18223&highlight=aman

Some would think that it is not necessary to delve into the past, as one member had mentioned. However to understand what might possible be the truth to much of what we deal with today..the symbolism in our faces daily if you look around.... It might be good to know what it all means...in the face of taking the red pill that is.

If you dig deep enough you might even see where our own DNA may possibly have been tampered with, and fragmented our sense of self and way of life as we know it now.

So I'd like to continue where some of the key points that triggered in me some “knowing” and see what input you all may have in these aspects of history and how it might have an effect on how we live today in the shadow of some of the great secrets that still to this day haunt us and most likely won't ever be known until we reach ascension and see the truth...or then again...you can take the red pill and dive in...see what you come up with …

so lets start off with one of the posts from that thread and look at Ptah....

Ptah

The origin of Ptah's name is unclear, though some believe it to mean 'opener' or 'sculptor'. As a god of craftsmen, the later is probably correct. He was a patron of the arts, protector of stone cutters, sculptors, blacksmiths, architects, boat builders, artists and craftsmen.

It was believed that Ptah created the heavens and the earth.

Ptah created the giant metal plate that was believed to be the floor of heaven and the roof of the sky, he also created the struts that upheld it. He created the universe by speaking words through his Tongue (linked to the god Thoth) and by thoughts coming from his Heart.

There came into being as the heart and there came into being as the tongue ...The mighty Great One is Ptah, who transmitted life to all gods, as well as to their kas... Thus it happened that the heart and tongue gained control over every other member of the body, by teaching that he, Ptah... is in every body and in every mouth of all gods, all men,and every thing that lives, by thinking and commanding everything that he wishes.

Thus the ka-spirits were made... by this speech... Thus were made all work and all crafts, the action of the arms, the movement of the legs, and the activity of every member, in conformance with this command which the heart thought, which came forth through the tongue, and which gives value to everything.

Ptah was a creator god, the third highest god in Egypt. He was the god presiding over the Second Egyptian month. From a local god of craftsmen to the deity who crafted the universe and the other deities, Ptah was only overshadowed by the sun god Ra, and the hidden god Amen. He fashioned the universe through words of power and by thought, as well as creating different parts by hand. He helped the dead on their travels through the afterlife, allowing them to transform into his divine figure, or by building the boats on which they could travel. He was the one who allowed the dead to be like the living after death

Sounds like a pretty powerful guy to me...in all of this legend and metaphor.

As on member brought to my attention in post number 277
http://www.projectavalon.net/forum/showpost.php?p=220944&postcount=277

What did the Masons know? It is clearly worship of Ptah....but was he really such a good “God”? He is clearly worshiped in Egyptian folklore as a “God of Creation” ….stressing the word “creation”....what exactly did he create that should be worshiped in such “glory” for the Masons to revere? Then you clearly have a statue of Ptah with scales...

And what about the Merkaba.....
Mer... meant a kind of light that rotated within itself

Ka ....meant spirit, in this case referring to the human spirit

Ba.... meant the human body — though it also could mean the concept of Reality that spirit holds

And so the entire word in ancient Egypt referred to a rotating light that would take the spirit and the body from one world into another.....

Then you have Thoth...that's one for the records.....and if you read the Emerald Tablets...you see sparks of truth....also sparks of manipulation to a way of thinking that sounds very much like much of the “new wave” line of hypnosis....not to say there is not truth there...but in reading the Emerald tablets that are published....you might find yourself getting a slight to moderate headache....triggering something of a remembrance....or could it be a trigger to forget.....but of what? It certainly triggered me....and opened up a flood gate of things that seemed to fit into a neat little conspiracy in and of itself. More questions then answers from the Egyptian “history” that we seem to get.
There are still many “secrets” out there left to be uncovered...and on a global scale, I think if enough people got “triggered” in their own “knowing” of what the truth is...it may just astound you...and set the history books a blaze.

So for now have a look at some of the information on that thread..and soon enough I will add more. I really wish ODM was here to add...as he was very in tune with it..but we all have a past here to look at the truth. And many of you hold a “key” of knowing...so let the triggers begin. Namaste."

lindabaker: "Lionhawk: Forgive me if I am repeating a question that has been asked of you in previous forums. Tell us how you know all of this very interesting information, if you don't mind doing so. Are you an immortal who can remember a lot, or are you someone who has access to historical records previously unknown to most earth people? If the discs are not gold, what is their composition? By duplicates, do you mean discs that also work, kind of like burning another music cd? Why do the discs I see in my dreams look to be the size of large oranges? When will the information on the discs be revealed, and by whom, and where? What will the reaction be, do you think? Which Star family are you aligned with? Is your alignment with the Christ Energy, and if not, which alignment best describes your position?"

Lionhawk: "Calling me out, eh? No worries. When I look back on Av1 and Av2, I guess what I got hammered with most was where did I get my training. Simply because I think I scared some individuals with what I had revealed. How was I able to penetrate the secrets of those who had hidden agendas that participated on those forums? I never did answer the question simply because I felt it was a trap to do so. Plus, they wouldn't understand the answer even if I gave it to them. All I can say is I am who I am because I chose to be. Now that might sound like an egotistical statement, but without my ego I would be a blank. I am like the many who seek the real truth and will expose it when everything is in such alignment to do so. I also use what is in my toolbox by that I mean what spiritual tools I do have. Copy and paste is not a spiritual tool.

Where I get my information in regards to Egypt is not from the Internet. It is so packed full of lies, that if I did use that information, I would be caught red handed in seconds and probably burned at a stake somewhere.

Let me just say that I am from the Orion sector. My star lineage is the Family of An. Pronounced "on." It is the middle Star of Orion's Belt. EL-AN-RA. I am an Angelic in the Warrior Cast from that sector. Mother Mary, as far as lineages go, is my Mother. She has many sons and daughters and I am simply one of them. She informed me of this 2 years ago at my house in Florida in the kitchen. She said I was one of her Royal sons and wondered what had happened to me. I also know as of this moment why she stated that. Till very recently, her visit troubled me and I couldn't figure out why. Then she visited me once again and it was a very sad visit, as she had apparently gone to find out what had happened to me and why I was off her radar for so long, after her first visit. It all fits now as I have so much recall as to what had occurred and why she said what she said. Yes, Jesus is my brother. I am very proud to have a brother who has accomplished so much and who continues to serve in his present capacity. He is one of the commanders of the real Galactic Federation. Also let us not confuse him with a replica provided by the darkside called Lord Sananda, who serves as their version of Jesus of their copy and pasted Galactic Federation. You know the one where all the channeled messages come from.

How this recall occurred, is also an interesting story. As it turns out I had done it to myself and did such a good job at it. Somewhere, I had taken half of myself and gave it amnesia. There was a very important reason to do so. Reminds me of Claudia Black that did something similar to serve on a mission on the SG-1 series. Don't remember the episode. Of course there was a trigger word that would snap me out of it. That word was spoken to me on February 11th of this year by my mate. Everything changed at that moment. It was my name back in those Egyptian days. Mind you I didn't say I was Egyptian.

In any regard, I discovered that I had married into the Feline Race. That's how I ended up and why I have a current affiliation with them in the present. The marriage came about from two life streams from two separate countries, where both got involved with each other because of these discs. That involvement grew and became a sacred union as in such a way that had never been experienced before on the Earth. It was so profound as that sacred union also represented the unconditional love they had for each other and for the entire Earth and all of her people to such an extent that the Creator took notice and said that this sacred union would be used as a template in this Universe to go by in terms of unconditional love. This was a wonderful occasion where the Mother Mary linage and the Feline lineage came together in oneness. It was also sounded across the Universe so it is well known by other races as well. So if there is anyone out there who has any doubts as to what I have thus far written, feel free to get off your chair and find the answers. If you are all that connected to these other races that is.

These two life streams were obviously killed by the corrupt Draconian figure heads of those distant times in Egypt. Not necessarily for what they did to create a new universal template, but for defying the power elite's will. If they could not use you, consider yourself dead. That thought pattern still exists today. But when it all went down, these Bastards found out that they couldn't use everybody.

In the present, I am now living with a whole remembered heart. I am fully activated in the physical. I pay attention to many things now that I use to take for granted. For instance two butterflies flying through the air at incredible speeds, never extending more than a few inches from each other as they are flying through an area full of birds and predatory insects, celebrating their union with each other in flight. Also no fear. The one I married back then is the one I am with now. We are still married as we never allowed our love to be compromised by anyone or anything, even though they may have killed us at different times.

William Wallace you say.....or did I say that? hahahhahhaa
The above Coat of Arms is where the trail jumped from Egypt to Scotland. Talk about triggers from Egypt. And you may wonder how it has anything to do with William Wallace. To be brief, these two love birds incarnated into this time line. My name was Alexander MacDougall and although I was married and had a castle, I also had a mistress, hidden in the hillside. This mistress was my sacred love. Her name was Isadora and she originated from Norway. She was murdered by some reptilian thugs. 4 of them attacked her while on route to help my son, John. Thus, her death started my new career in head loping. Talk about getting on a Karmic bicycle. I was also allied at this time with William Wallace against Robert the Brus. Also notice in the coats of arms, the lions and the ships. In other coat of arms you will also find the dragons. Again, it comes down to the conflict of the lions vs. the dragons.

Not to get out of topic here, but this thread is also about triggers. And if you were to look in your present life in the past, you will see things that came up and said here I am for a split second. As in how you might be drawn to an image or something that was said that ringed something within you. All these little rings bounced around for years and I never found an explanation for them until Feb. 11th 2010. All these little reminders fell into place. The little things that made you curious in that moment that you couldn't explain as to why it rang something inside you. Like maybe why you might had a curiosity about a certain figure in history but couldn't explain it.

All I can say is that I had thought my life to have been blessed before and now I look upon it as miraculous. It has taken a lot of inner work to get here but it has been worth it. Granted the inner work never seems to stop but I can relax a little bit now as I know things will be slightly easier. If you do the work you will find that your story is an amazing one. Also make note that I am not trying to put myself on any kind of stage here. I am just sharing it and I left a lot out. So for the ones that might have pithy comments, spare me. It isn't because I am the one who is insecure. I say what I just said so that I don't have to deal with your insecurities and I am sure there are others out there who are sick of that old record as well. I think we should spend more time celebrating those who are getting there instead of the bashing from those who are either jealous or just lack, period. You have to earn it, for yourself.

So I leave this here. I hope I answered more than you questioned Linda."

orthodoxymoron: "Wow Lionhawk! Your posts always floor me! Can you tell me if Reptilian Beings have Human Souls? OR -- do Human Beings have Reptilian Souls? Are we all Human/Reptilian Hybrids --- with various percentage differentials? Are Greys really Reptilians? Do Humans, Reptilians, and Greys have more in common than we think? Is most of this madness homegrown --- going back thousands of years --- right here on Earth --- mostly in North Africa and the Southwestern United States? Is the U.S. really the 'Head of the Snake'? Do the Underground Bases and the City States constitute the Biblical Babylon? Is Lucifer the Whore of Babylon? 'What fate Omoroca?' (Stargate SG-1 'Fire and Water') Nuff said!"

Lionhawk: "There he is! Good to see you old friend! Always wondered where you went. I know many disappeared for awhile and justly so. Often thought as to what you found in your digging of the truth. You have been missed. Again, great to see you once again.

As far as flooring you, I will humbly take that as a compliment. But I'm not out here trying to floor anyone. Personally I think we are all basically truth seekers and we all have an individual way about going about it. Of course the cheap version of the truth is the copy and pasted version. Using only materials that someone researched and wrote out without doing any footwork to support their point of view.

The better version is finding an idea and pursuing it and then write down what you found. The process of proving it out in real time. How many books have we read where someone just took pieces of information and just pieced a book together? Without any experience being applied or melded in the book. Originality is the best way to go about sharing ideas and working out the puzzles that comprise the truth.

As to your questions, I will say I am no expert or an authority of other factions soul make ups. In my opinion however, I think the soul is of the same stuff across the board and it is whether how much light is allowed to shine by the free will of that soul or the choices that soul has made, regardless of the species it represents. Or the polarity.

What is most disturbing is how these Dracs have cheated DEATH. Most systems that I am aware of have a death cycle or a transition cycle. Usually there is a station where the soul goes back to and gets debriefed and adjustments are made and new lessons are given and the soul starts again on another quest. These Dracs have found a way to by pass that and have their own place or station as it were, to re spawn with full memory of who or what they were previously. In part, the technology in Egypt was used to do this. Now I also know there are other aliens who have done this but most of them know of a higher consciousness is present and honor the processes in an alignment with a God presence. The Dracs only honor their own presence. Everything and every life form is considered below them. So when I hear that there are good reptilians out there, I always end up asking where.

The greys are even a mystery. I think the government has a limited view point on them as well. Simply because they want to compartmentalize these beings. From what I have gathered, there are at least 20 species of this form out there. Not just the 4 types that have been revealed by government sources.

I have already given you in the past what has happened to Lucifer. That wasn't something made up. It also hasn't changed as to what he chose for himself. It's a done deal. One that I was allowed to witness. That event just amazed me as to the Creator's level of grace that he/she exercises. It is unlimited. It also showed me how deep the Creator's love goes for all of his/her creations no matter what they have experienced in this Universe, good or bad. No matter what polarity or frequency, these souls have chosen to experience.

This thread is a prime example of what I have mentioned in the above. Or the contents there of. And please don't feel like I dissed you by not answering all of your questions as some of those questions could apply in another thread and not here. I say that out of respect for what Brook is trying to accomplish in this thread.

Glad you are here ODM!"

Brook: "....spreading light on "dark secrets" is what I plan on doing with this post. You will not find this information in history books, or on the internet in the form of revealed "secrets" of the PTB. Some light has been shed on speculation of such...but the true nature of exactly what happened has virtually been erased....as was the continent of Atlantis, and Lumaria. All that is left is what some might tap into, and how much of that was filtered? Oh for sure there is truth in many of the stories of these kinds....and the puzzle is being slowly put together. So I will provide a piece of that puzzle here now. The role played by some key characters...and what the truth is about the story's they put forth...to get you to believe in something quite different.

One small but rather important piece that only the players themselves would be able to share...but as of yet have not....mainly because...the lies have overshadowed the truth. I have tapped into that truth.....and as such would be labeled a "loon" by the very ones that would see this story remain undiscovered. And for a very long time, I was afraid to share this....for the reason of safety...a fear program.......and because my emotional body was not ready to deal with such exposure, and the nature of the very concepts it surrounds. I have since overcome that emotion...and can now share what it is I have to reveal.....a small portion of the truth that you all have the right to know. And the role of the "players"...and where they stood in all of this. So lets start with some "key" players.....

Thoth...lineage..pure reptilian...Annunaki

Ptah...lineage...pure reptilian...Annunaki

Osiris....lineage....hybrid....Annunaki, feline....of the "royal" bloodline, earth based

Set...lineage....hybrid....annunaki, feline....of the "royal" bloodline, earth based

Isis.....lineage....hybrid....feline, earth based ...of direct decent...mother Sekhemt...of the royal lineage....and direct genetic coding to the discs and "throne"

Ra.....lineage.....sirian.....hybird.....of "Sun" decent....NOT ANNUNAKI....and in charge of operations here on earth, to oversee the Sirian feline earth based seeding.

So a marriage...to create a royal blood line....with direct connection to the "Discs", and the "throne"....between Osiris and Isis....set up by Ptah...who is now in control of operations.....a very bad marriage at that. Not the wonderful one painted in history. In fact..the so called "sister" of Isis....was nothing more than a story...she was actually a mistress to Osiris...and Isis had take her under her wing....to protect her. It also gave Isis the relief of having to be with Osiris...who she detested. Isis had no such sister....but took on Nephthys as a sister...and taught her how to do many things...one of which was how to tolerate Osiris.

As the story would have you believe.....Isis gathered together the pieces of Osiris with her "sister"...leaving out one piece...very appropriate....the phallus. She claimed the fish ate it......Now that's a fish story! and then she created the "book of the dead". to resurrect Osiris...and created a phallus of "sand" and impregnated herself with his seed to create Horus.

Oh boy...here goes....the truth is this.....in that tomb of Osiris...a meeting took place. Sekhemt, Ra and Isis.....the egg of Sekhmet the sperm of Ra were joined and Isis was made a surrogate of a "royal bloodline"...not of the Osiris, Hybrid....reptilian line but the feline sun lineage....and was made to be the watcher for Ra...the "eye of Horus" was a symbol of Ra...also know as the "Eye of Ra".....and Sekhmet...to watch over the goings on from the direct meddling of the Annunaki. And to carry on the line of those who were directly involved in the technology that had been stolen, and used to create for lack of a better term..."abominations"...of what should have been our direct connection to mother earth, and our universal lineage. Rather then fragmenting us and creating a "slave race"...to be multiplied and used for the purposes that you now hear of..that many have tapped into that truth and are now seeing...but few know how it came about...the actual deeds that created this time line...not the one that source intended.

Have you all stopped yet to think...what became of Isis? How did she die? did she really carry on to give all of these so call "channeling s" that are so prevalent on the internet and in the "new age" community? And if so....why don't you hear this story? And how come you don't hear of her "passing" as you do of Osiris? And what of this story that Horus is Jesus?....Isis is Mary?.....not hardly.

There is however a connection to that story. Another surrogate....Mary...named after the Mother Mary lineage.....surrogate to Jesus.....brought here to tell some truth....through a similar fashion as Horus. Propagated by the felines....but Jesus is not Feline.....the only connection is the cooperation of the geneticists...the Felines that helped with his birth. And the link..is the Star of Sirius.....cooperation to recreate where Horus failed...because Horus was found out...and challenged by his brother Set. Brother Set you say????? Wait....Set was the brother of Osiris......Caught them in another lie didn't we? Set the one that murdered Osiris...now after Horus.....a power hungry one he was....And Osiris...the brother of Isis?...........only in the sense that the lineage of a hybrid brought that in true form.....Remember...Osiris..hybrid....reptilian, feline..and earth based being......but not the sister of Isis in any form...other then the feline lineage that they wanted to keep in line with the genetic coding

And what of Isis? Where did she disappear to? Death ...at the hands of Ptah....who was furious with her, for reasons I will not share here..just yet anyway. But when one does not cooperate with a reptilian....at that time....it's death in a snake pit...and that was her end.....only to be remembered by those who had stories to tell of here visits..to such places as Greece. and with her she would bring the most extraordinary gifts.

Now you are probably wondering how I can relate such a story...and where the information came from. did I channel it?....not really.....but that is something I will not share on a forum. However, I will tell you I have validation.....and that I will not share on a forum either.

There are many more parts to this story....this is only a small but significant part. There are the Discs....and other factions involved...and this story would make "Gone with the Wind"...look like a child's book."

Consider reading 1. 'The Gods of Eden' by William Bramley. 2. 'Rule by Secrecy' by Jim Marrs. 3. 'The Great Controversy' by Ellen White. 4. Behold a Pale Horse' by Bill Cooper. Try reading them side by side. I don't place a lot of faith in any one source, but I have been passively exposing myself to a lot of 'fringe' material, and then attempting to approximate hidden-realities with Political and Theological Science-Fiction. I continue to think that the universe is full of dark and absurd realities. I don't think the universe is a 'nice' place. I used to think that the problems were isolated within this Prison Planet in Rebellion, filled with Fallen Human Beings (contaminated with Original Sin) -- but I have been considering a lot of dark possibilities and probabilities beyond this little world -- and they are frankly scaring the hell out of me. I really think we might be on the brink of extinction (from a variety of sources -- including ourselves). I listen to people like L. Ron Hubbard with a Boatload of Salt -- but I still listen -- for bits and pieces of the puzzle. I would never become a Scientologist -- and I no longer attend any church -- but this doesn't mean that I stopped thinking about Gods, Angels, and Demons. 'Aliens' might include all three. We really don't know much about life, the universe, and everything -- with absolute certainty. I simply think we should consider as many possibilities and possible -- with open yet critical minds.

I spend an excessive amount of time in nature -- and in researching and reflecting -- with absolutely nothing to show for it. I'm simply attempting to think about life, the universe, and everything -- in some rather unconventional ways -- while posting bits and pieces of this madness on the internet -- without making a big-deal about it. I tend to think that more people should do this -- but that they should be prepared to experience profound disillusionment and emotional-spiritual trauma. This is probably the cost of doing business. I have been considering a lot of dark possibilities and idealistic solutions -- yet I don't know much of anything for certain. Therefore, I don't shout my thoughts from the peaks of the 'Seven Hills of Rome' -- although I bet some Vatican types secretly laugh at my strange humor...

Sometimes I wonder if a lot of the 'insiders' and 'whistle-blowers' are fed a combination of truth and lies -- to simultaneously reveal forbidden-truth and to discredit themselves. I wonder if L. Ron Hubbard was fed a lot of information for all of 'his' books. The process of conditioning and transforming the public (for better or for worse, I know not) might be quite complex. Click this L. Ron Hubbard link for an absolutely sickening description of abusing the masses for personal gain and aggrandizement. L. Ron Hubbard was connected with Naval Intelligence, wasn't he? Don't they have a lot to do with handling the 'Alien Presence'? Don't Area 51 workers get their checks from the Navy? Who knows? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard

Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13, 1911 – January 24, 1986), better known as L. Ron Hubbard (and often referred to by his initials, LRH), was an American pulp fiction author and the founder of the Church of Scientology. After establishing a career as a writer, becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories, he developed a self-help system called Dianetics which was first published in May 1950. He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and rituals as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology. His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration, literacy and drug rehabilitation.

Although many aspects of Hubbard's life story are disputed, there is general agreement about its basic outline.[2] Born in Tilden, Nebraska, he spent much of his childhood in Helena, Montana. He traveled in Asia and the South Pacific in the late 1920s after his father, an officer in the United States Navy, was posted to the U.S. naval base on Guam. He attended George Washington University in Washington, D.C. at the start of the 1930s before beginning a career as a prolific writer of pulp fiction stories. He served briefly in the Marine Reserves and later in the U.S. Navy during World War II, briefly holding command of 2 different vessels, the USS YP-422 and USS PC-815. He was removed from his position both times when superiors found him unsuitable for command.[3] He ended the war hospitalized for an acute duodenal ulcer.[3]. Later he developed Dianetics, "the modern science of mental health". He founded Scientology in 1952 and oversaw the growth of the Church of Scientology into a worldwide organization. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, he spent much of his time at sea aboard his personal fleet of ships as Commodore of the Sea Organization, an elite inner group of Scientologists. However, his expedition came to an early close. Britain, Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Venezuela all closed their ports to his fleet. At one point, a court in Australia revoked the church's status as a religion. Similarly, a high court in France convicted Hubbard of fraud in absentia. He returned to the United States in 1975 and subsequently went into seclusion in the California desert. In 1983 L. Ron Hubbard was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in an international information infiltration and theft project called "Operation Snow White". He spent the remaining years of his life secluded to a ranch near Creston, California, where he died in January 1986.

The Church of Scientology describes Hubbard in hagiographic terms,[4] and he portrayed himself as a pioneering explorer, world traveler and nuclear physicist with expertise in a wide range of disciplines including photography, art, poetry and philosophy. His critics have characterized him as a liar, a charlatan and a madman. Though many of his autobiographical statements have been proven to be fictitious,[5] the Church itself rejects any suggestion that its account of Hubbard's life is anything other than historical fact.[6][7]

Lafayette Ronald Hubbard was born on March 13, 1911, in Tilden, Nebraska.[8] He was the only child of Harry Ross Hubbard, a former United States Navy sailor, and Ledora May (née Waterbury), who had originally trained as a teacher.[9][10] After moving to Kalispell, Montana, the family settled in 1913 in the city of Helena.[10] Hubbard's father re-enlisted in the Navy in April 1917, while his mother Ledora May worked as a clerk for the state government.[11]

Biographical accounts published by the Church of Scientology describe Hubbard as "a child prodigy of sorts" who rode a horse before he could walk and was able to read and write by the age of four.[12] A Scientology profile says that he was brought up on his grandfather's "large cattle ranch in Montana"[13] where he spent his days "riding, breaking broncos, hunting coyote and taking his first steps as an explorer".[14] His grandfather is described as a "wealthy Western cattleman" from whom Hubbard "inherited his fortune and family interests in America, Southern Africa, etc."[15] Scientology claims that Hubbard became a "blood brother" of the Native American Blackfeet tribe at the age of six through his friendship with a Blackfeet medicine man.[10][16]

Queen Anne High School, Seattle, which L Ron Hubbard attended in 1926–27
Contemporary records state that his grandfather, Lafe Waterbury, was a veterinarian, not a rancher, and was not wealthy. Hubbard was raised in a townhouse in the center of Helena.[17] According to his aunt, his family did not own a ranch but had one cow and four or five horses on a few acres of land outside Helena.[14] Hubbard lived over a hundred miles from the Blackfeet reservation. The tribe did not practice blood brotherhood and no evidence has been found that he had ever been a Blackfeet blood brother.[18]

During the 1920s the Hubbards repeatedly relocated around the United States and overseas. After Hubbard's father Harry rejoined the Navy, his posting aboard the USS Oklahoma in 1921 required the family to relocate to the ship's home ports, first San Diego, then Seattle.[19] During a journey to Washington, D.C. in 1923 Hubbard learned of Freudian psychology from Commander Joseph "Snake" Thompson, a U.S. Navy psychoanalyst and medic.[19][20] Scientology biographies describe this encounter as giving Hubbard training in a particular scientific approach to the mind, which he found unsatisfying.[21] Hubbard was active in the Boy Scouts in Washington, DC and earned the rank of Eagle Scout in 1924, two weeks after his 13th birthday. In his diary, Hubbard claimed he was the youngest Eagle Scout in the US.[22]

The following year, Harry Ross Hubbard was posted to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington.[23] His son was enrolled at Union High School, Bremerton,[23] and later studied at Queen Anne High School in Seattle.[24] In 1927 Hubbard's father was sent to the U.S. Naval Station on Guam in the Mariana Islands of the South Pacific. Although Hubbard's mother also went to Guam, Hubbard himself did not accompany them but was placed in his grandparents' care in Helena, Montana to complete his schooling.[24]

Between 1927 and 1929 Hubbard traveled to Japan, China, the Philippines and Guam. Scientology texts present this period in his life as a time when he was intensely curious for answers to human suffering and explored ancient Eastern philosophies for answers, but found them lacking.[25] He is described as traveling to China "at a time when few Westerners could enter"[26] and according to Scientology, spent his time questioning Buddhist lamas and meeting old Chinese magicians.[25] According to church materials, his travels were funded by his "wealthy grandfather".[27]

Hubbard's unofficial biographers present a very different account of his travels in Asia. Hubbard's diaries recorded two trips to the east coast of China. The first was made in the company of his mother while traveling from the United States to Guam in 1927. It consisted of a brief stop-over in a couple of Chinese ports before traveling on to Guam, where he stayed for six weeks before returning home. He recorded his impressions of the places he visited and disdained the poverty of the inhabitants of Japan and China, whom he described as "gooks" and "lazy [and] ignorant". His second visit was a family holiday which took Hubbard and his parents to China via the Philippines in 1928.[28][29]

After his return to the United States in September 1927, Hubbard enrolled at Helena High School but earned only poor grades.[30] He abandoned school the following May and went back west to stay with his aunt and uncle in Seattle. He joined his parents in Guam in June 1928. His mother took over his education in the hope of putting him forward for the entrance examination to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland.

Between October and December 1928 a number of naval families, including Hubbard's, traveled from Guam to China aboard the USS Gold Star. The ship stopped at Manila in the Philippines before traveling on to Qingdao (Tsingtao) in China. Hubbard and his parents made a side trip to Beijing before sailing on to Shanghai and Hong Kong, from where they returned to Guam.[31] Scientology accounts present a different version of events, saying that Hubbard "made his way deep into Manchuria's Western Hills and beyond—to break bread with Mongolian bandits, share campfires with Siberian shamans and befriend the last in the line of magicians from the court of Kublai Khan."[32]

However, Hubbard did not record these events in his diary.[33] He remained unimpressed with China and the Chinese, writing: "A Chinaman can not live up to a thing, he always drags it down." He characterized the sights of Beijing as "rubberneck stations" for tourists and described the palaces of the Forbidden City as "very trashy-looking" and "not worth mentioning". He was impressed by the Great Wall of China near Beijing[34] but concluded of the Chinese: "They smell of all the baths they didn't take. The trouble with China is, there are too many chinks here."[35]

Back on Guam, Hubbard spent much of his time writing dozens of short stories and essays[36] and failed the Naval Academy entrance examination. In September 1929 Hubbard was enrolled at the Swavely Preparatory School in Manassas, Virginia, to prepare him for a second attempt at the examination.[37] However, he was ruled out of consideration due to his near-sightedness.[38] He was instead sent to Woodward School for Boys in Washington, D.C. to qualify for admission to George Washington University. He successfully graduated from the school in June 1930 and entered the university the following September.[39]

Hubbard studied civil engineering during his two years at George Washington University at the behest of his father, who "decreed that I should study engineering and mathematics."[40] While he did not graduate from George Washington, his time there subsequently became important because, as George Malko puts it, "many of his researches and published conclusions have been supported by his claims to be not only a graduate engineer, but 'a member of the first United States course in formal education in what is called today nuclear physics.'"[41] However, a Church of Scientology biography describes him as "never noted for being in class" and says that he "thoroughly detest[ed] his subjects."[42] He earned poor grades, was placed on probation in September 1931 and dropped out altogether in the fall of 1932.[41][43]

Scientology accounts say that he "studied nuclear physics at George Washington University in Washington, D.C., before he started his studies about the mind, spirit and life"[44] and Hubbard himself stated that he "set out to find out from nuclear physics a knowledge of the physical universe, something entirely lacking in Asian philosophy."[42] His university records indicate that his exposure to "nuclear physics" consisted of one class in "atomic and molecular phenomena" for which he earned an "F" grade.[45]

Scientologists claim he was more interested in extracurricular activities, particularly writing and flying. According to church materials, "he earned his wings as a pioneering barnstormer at the dawn of American aviation"[16] and "[he was] recognized as one of the country's most outstanding pilots. With virtually no training time, he takes up powered flight and barnstorms throughout the Midwest."[46] His pilot's license, however, records that he only qualified to fly gliders rather than powered aircraft and gave up his license when he could not afford the renewal fee.[47]

During Hubbard's final semester he organized an expedition to the Caribbean for "fifty young gentleman rovers" aboard the schooner Doris Hamlin commencing in June 1932. The aims of the "Caribbean Motion Picture Expedition" were stated as being to explore and film the pirate "strongholds and bivouacs of the Spanish Main" and to "collect whatever one collects for exhibits in museums".[48] It ran into trouble even before it left the port of Baltimore: ten participants quit and storms blew the ship far off course to Bermuda. Eleven more members of the expedition quit there and more left when the ship arrived at Martinique.[49] With the expedition running critically short of money, the ship's owners ordered it to return to Baltimore.[50]

Hubbard blamed the expedition's problems on the captain: "the ship's dour Captain Garfield proved himself far less than a Captain Courageous, requiring Ron Hubbard's hand at both the helm and the charts."[51] Specimens and photographs collected by the expedition are said by Scientology accounts to have been acquired by the University of Michigan, the U.S. Hydrographic Office, an unspecified national museum and the New York Times,[51][52] though none of those institutions have any record of this.[53] Hubbard later wrote that the expedition "was a crazy idea at best, and I knew it, but I went ahead anyway, chartered a four-masted schooner and embarked with some fifty luckless souls who haven't stopped their cursings yet."[54] He called it "a two-bit expedition and financial bust,"[55] which resulted in some of its participants making legal claims against him for refunds.[56]

Luquillo, Puerto Rico, near where scientologists claim Hubbard carried out the "West Indies Mineralogical Survey" in 1932
After leaving university Hubbard traveled to Puerto Rico on what the Church of Scientology calls the "Puerto Rican Mineralogical Expedition".[57] Scientologists claim he "made the first complete mineralogical survey of Puerto Rico"[52] as a means of "augmenting his [father's] pay with a mining venture", during which he "sluiced inland rivers and crisscrossed the island in search of elusive gold" as well as carrying out "much ethnological work amongst the interior villages and native hillsmen".[57] Hubbard's unofficial biographer Russell Miller writes that neither the United States Geological Survey nor the Puerto Rican Department of Natural Resources have any record of any such expedition.[53]

According to Miller, Hubbard traveled to Puerto Rico in November 1932 after his father volunteered him for the Red Cross relief effort following the devastating 1932 San Ciprian hurricane.[53] In a 1957 lecture Hubbard said that he had been "a field executive with the American Red Cross in the Puerto Rico hurricane disaster."[58] According to his own account, Hubbard spent much of his time prospecting unsuccessfully for gold. Towards the end of his stay on Puerto Rico he appears to have done some work for a Washington D.C. firm called West Indies Minerals Incorporated, accompanying a surveyor in an investigation of a small property near the town of Luquillo, Puerto Rico.[56] The survey was unsuccessful. A few years later, Hubbard wrote:

Harboring the thought that the Conquistadores might have left some gold behind, I determined to find it ... Gold prospecting in the wake of the Conquistadores, on the hunting grounds of the pirates in the islands which still reek of Columbus is romantic, and I do not begrudge the sweat which splashed in muddy rivers, and the bits of khaki which have probably blown away from the thorn bushes long ago ... After a half year or more of intensive search, after wearing my palms thin wielding a sample pack, after assaying a few hundred sacks of ore, I came back, a failure.[54]

Hubbard became a well-known and prolific writer for pulp fiction magazines during the 1930s. Scientology texts describe him as becoming "well established as an essayist" even before he had concluded college. Scientology claims he "solved his finances, and his desire to travel by writing anything that came to hand"[42] and to have earned an "astronomical" rate of pay for the times.[60]

His literary career began with contributions to the George Washington University student newspaper, The University Hatchet, as a reporter for a few months in 1931.[39] Six of his pieces were published commercially during 1932 to 1933.[47] The going rate for freelance writers at the time was only a cent a word, so Hubbard's total earnings from these articles would have been less than $100.[61] The pulp magazine Thrilling Adventure became the first to publish one of his short stories, in February 1934.[62] Over the next six years, pulp magazines published around 140 of his short stories[63] under a variety of pen names, including Winchester Remington Colt, Kurt von Rachen, René Lafayette, Joe Blitz and Legionnaire 148.[64]

Although he was best known for his fantasy and science fiction stories, Hubbard wrote in a wide variety of genres, including adventure fiction, aviation, travel, mysteries, westerns and even romance.[65] Hubbard knew and associated with writers such as Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Sprague de Camp and A. E. van Vogt.[66] His first full-length novel, Buckskin Brigades, was published in 1937.[67] He became a "highly idiosyncratic" writer of science fiction after being taken under the wing of editor John W. Campbell,[68] who published many of Hubbard's short stories and also serialized a number of well-received novelettes that Hubbard wrote for Campbell's magazines Unknown and Astounding. These included Fear, Final Blackout and Typewriter in the Sky.[69]

According to the Church of Scientology, Hubbard was "called to Hollywood" to work on film scripts in the mid-1930s, although Scientology accounts differ as to exactly when this was (whether 1935,[70] 1936[42] or 1937[46]). He wrote the script for The Secret of Treasure Island, a 1938 Columbia Pictures movie serial.[71] The Church of Scientology claims he also worked on the Columbia serials The Mysterious Pilot (1937), The Great Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok (1938) and The Spider Returns (1941),[46] though his name does not appear on the credits. Hubbard also claimed to have written Dive Bomber (1941),[72][73] Cecil B. DeMille's The Plainsman (1936) and John Ford's Stagecoach (1939).[74]

Hubbard's literary earnings helped him to support his new wife, Margaret "Polly" Grubb. She was already pregnant when they married on April 13, 1933, but she had a spontaneous abortion shortly afterwards; a few months later, she became pregnant again.[75] On May 7, 1934, she gave birth prematurely to a son who was named Lafayette Ronald Hubbard, Jr. and the nickname "His Nibs", invariably shortened to "Nibs".[76] Their second child, Katherine May, was born on January 15, 1936.[77] The Hubbards lived for a while in Laytonsville, Maryland, but were chronically short of money.[78]

In the spring of 1936 they moved to Bremerton, Washington. They lived there for a time with Hubbard's aunts and grandmother before finding a place of their own at nearby South Colby. According to one of his friends at the time, Robert MacDonald Ford, the Hubbards were "in fairly dire straits for money" but sustained themselves on the income from Hubbard's writing.[79] Hubbard spent an increasing amount of time in New York City,[80] working out of a hotel room where his wife suspected him of carrying on affairs with other women.[81][82]

Hubbard's authorship in mid-1938 of a still-unpublished manuscript called Excalibur is highlighted by the Church of Scientology as a key step in developing the principles of Scientology and Dianetics. The manuscript is said by scientologists to have outlined "the basic principles of human existence"[42] and to have been the culmination of twenty years of research into "twenty-one races and cultures including Pacific Northwest Indian tribes, Philippine Tagalogs and, as he was wont to joke, the people of the Bronx."[83]

According to Arthur J. Cox, a contributor to John W. Campbell's Astounding magazine, Hubbard told a 1948 convention of science fiction fans that Excalibur's inspiration came during an operation in which he "died" for eight minutes.[84] (Gerry Armstrong, Hubbard's archivist, explains this as a dental extraction performed under nitrous oxide, a chemical known for its hallucinogenic effects[85]):

Hubbard realized that, while he was dead, he had received a tremendous inspiration, a great Message which he must impart to others. He sat at his typewriter for six days and nights and nothing came out. Then, Excalibur emerged.[86]

Arthur J. Burks, the President of the American Fiction Guild, wrote that an excited Hubbard called him and said: "I want to see you right away. I have written THE book." Hubbard believed that Excalibur would "revolutionize everything" and that "it was somewhat more important, and would have a greater impact upon people, than the Bible."[87] It proposed that all human behavior could be explained in terms of survival and that to understand survival was to understand life.[88] As Hubbard biographer Jon Atack notes, "the notion that everything that exists is trying to survive became the basis of Dianetics and Scientology."[85]

According to Burks, Hubbard "was so sure he had something 'away out and beyond' anything else that he had sent telegrams to several book publishers, telling them that he had written "THE book" and that they were to meet him at Penn Station, and he would discuss it with them and go with whomever gave him the best offer." However, nobody bought the manuscript.[87] Forrest J Ackerman, later Hubbard's literary agent, recalled that Hubbard told him "whoever read it either went insane or committed suicide. And he said that the last time he had shown it to a publisher in New York, he walked into the office to find out what the reaction was, the publisher called for the reader, the reader came in with the manuscript, threw it on the table and threw himself out of the skyscraper window."[89] Hubbard's failure to sell Excalibur depressed him; he told his wife in an October 1938 letter: "Writing action pulp doesn't have much agreement with what I want to do because it retards my progress by demanding incessant attention and, further, actually weakens my name. So you see I've got to do something about it and at the same time strengthen the old financial position."[90] He went on:


Sooner or later Excalibur will be published and I may have a chance to get some name recognition out of it so as to pave the way to articles and comments which are my ideas of writing heaven ... Foolishly perhaps, but determined none the less, I have high hopes of smashing my name into history so violently that it will take a legendary form even if all books are destroyed. That goal is the real goal as far as I am concerned.[90]

The manuscript later became part of Scientology mythology.[85] An early 1950s Scientology publication offered signed "gold-bound and locked" copies for the sum of $1,500 apiece (equivalent to about $29,000 now). It warned that "four of the first fifteen people who read it went insane" and that it would be "[r]eleased only on sworn statement not to permit other readers to read it. Contains data not to be released during Mr. Hubbard's stay on earth."[91]

Ketchikan, Alaska, where Hubbard and his wife were stranded during the "Alaskan Radio-Experimental Expedition"
Hubbard joined The Explorers Club in February 1940 on the strength of his claimed explorations in the Caribbean and survey flights in the United States.[92] He persuaded the club to let him carry its flag on an "Alaskan Radio-Experimental Expedition" to update the U.S. Coast Pilot guide to the coastlines of Alaska and British Columbia and investigate new methods of radio position-finding.[93] The expedition consisted of Hubbard and his wife—the children were left at South Colby—aboard his ketch Magician.[94]

Scientology accounts of the expedition describe "Hubbard's recharting of an especially treacherous Inside Passage, and his ethnological study of indigenous Aleuts and Haidas" and tell of how "along the way, he not only roped a Kodiak Bear, but braved seventy-mile-an-hour winds and commensurate seas off the Aleutian Islands."[95] They are divided about how far Hubbard's expedition actually traveled, whether 700 miles (1,100 km)[46] or 2,000 miles (3,200 km).[95]

Hubbard told the Seattle Star in a November 1940 letter that the expedition was plagued by problems and did not get any further than Ketchikan near the southern end of the Alaska Panhandle, far from the Aleutian Islands.[96] Magician's engine broke down only two days after setting off in July 1940. The Hubbards reached Ketchikan on August 30, 1940, after many delays following repeated engine breakdowns. The Ketchikan Chronicle reported—making no mention of the expedition—that Hubbard's purpose in coming to Alaska "was two-fold, one to win a bet and another to gather material for a novel of Alaskan salmon fishing."[94] Having underestimated the cost of the trip, he did not have enough money to repair the broken engine. He raised money by writing stories and contributing to the local radio station[97] and eventually earned enough to fix the engine,[92] making it back to Puget Sound on December 27, 1940.[97]

He was a member of the all-male literary banqueting club the Trap Door Spiders, which served as the basis of Isaac Asimov's fictional group of mystery solvers the Black Widowers.

After returning from Alaska, Hubbard applied to join the United States Navy. His Congressman, Warren G. Magnuson, wrote to President Roosevelt to recommend Hubbard as "a gentleman of reputation" who was "a respected explorer" and had "marine masters papers for more types of vessels than any other man in the United States". Hubbard was described as "a key figure" in writing organizations, "making him politically potent nationally". The Congressman concluded: "Anything you can do for Mr Hubbard will be appreciated." His friend Robert MacDonald Ford, by now a State Representative for Washington, sent a letter of recommendation describing Hubbard as "one of the most brilliant men I have ever known". Hubbard was said by Scientologists to be "a powerful influence" in the Northwest and to be "well known in many parts of the world and has considerable influence in the Caribbean and Alaska." The letter declared that "for courage and ability I cannot too strongly recommend him." Ford later said that Hubbard had written the letter himself: "I don't know why Ron wanted a letter. I just gave him a letter-head and said, 'Hell, you're the writer, you write it!'"[98]

Hubbard was commissioned as a Lieutenant (junior grade) in the U.S. Naval Reserve on July 19, 1941. His military service forms a major element of his public persona as portrayed by Scientologists.[99] The Church of Scientology presents him as a "much-decorated war hero who commanded a corvette and during hostilities was crippled and wounded."[100] Scientology publications say he served as a "Commodore of Corvette squadrons" in "all five theaters of World War II" and was awarded "twenty-one medals and palms" for his service.[101] He was "severely wounded and was taken crippled and blinded" to a military hospital, where he "worked his way back to fitness, strength and full perception in less than two years, using only what he knew and could determine about Man and his relationship to the universe."[70] He claimed to have seen combat repeatedly, telling A. E. van Vogt that he had once sailed his ship "right into the harbor of a Japanese occupied island in the Dutch East Indies. His attitude was that if you took your flag down the Japanese would not know one boat from another, so he tied up at the dock, went ashore and wandered around by himself for three days."[102]

Hubbard's official Navy service records indicate that "his military performance was, at times, substandard" and he received only four campaign medals rather than twenty-one. He was never recorded as being injured or wounded in combat and so never received a Purple Heart.[14] Most of his military service was spent ashore in the continental United States on administrative or training duties. He served for a short time in Australia but was sent home after quarreling with his superiors. He briefly commanded two anti-submarine vessels, the USS YP-422 and USS PC-815, in coastal waters off Massachusetts, Oregon and California in 1942 and 1943 respectively.[14]

After Hubbard reported that the PC-815 had attacked and crippled or sunk two Japanese submarines off Oregon in May 1943, his claim was rejected by the commander of the Northwest Sea Frontier.[14] Hubbard and Thomas Moulton, his second in command on the PC-815, later said the Navy wanted to avoid panic on the mainland.[103] A month later Hubbard unwittingly sailed the PC-815 into Mexican territorial waters and conducted gunnery practice off the Coronado Islands, in the belief that they were uninhabited and belonged to the United States. The Mexican government complained and Hubbard was relieved of command. A fitness report written after the incident rated Hubbard as unsuitable for independent duties and "lacking in the essential qualities of judgment, leadership and cooperation."[104] He served for a while as the Navigation and Training Officer for the USS Algol while it was based at Portland. A fitness report from this period recommended promotion, describing him as "a capable and energetic officer, [but] very temperamental", and an "above average navigator".[105] However, he never held another command and did not serve aboard another ship after the Algol.

Hubbard's war service has great significance in the history and mythology of the Church of Scientology, as he is said to have cured himself through techniques that would later underpin Scientology and Dianetics. According to Moulton, Hubbard told him that he had been machine-gunned in the back near the Dutch East Indies. Hubbard asserted that his eyes had been damaged as well, either "by the flash of a large-caliber gun" or when he had "a bomb go off in my face".[14] Scientology texts say that he returned from the war "[b]linded with injured optic nerves, and lame with physical injuries to hip and back" and was twice pronounced dead.[7]

His medical records state that he was hospitalized with an acute duodenal ulcer rather than a war injury. He told his doctors that he was suffering from lameness caused by a hip infection[14] and he told Look magazine in December 1950 that he had suffered from "ulcers, conjunctivitis, deteriorating eyesight, bursitis and something wrong with my feet."[55] He was still complaining in 1951 of eye problems and stomach pains, which had given him "continuous trouble" for eight years, especially when "under nervous stress." This came well after Hubbard had promised that Dianetics would provide "a cure for the very ailments that plagued the author himself then and throughout his life, including allergies, arthritis, ulcers and heart problems."[14]

The Church of Scientology says that Hubbard's key breakthrough in the development of Dianetics was made at Oak Knoll Naval Hospital in Oakland, California. According to the Church,

In early 1945, while recovering from war injuries at Oak Knoll Naval Hospital, Mr. Hubbard conducts a series of tests and experiments dealing with the endocrine system. He discovers that, contrary to long-standing beliefs, function monitors structure. With this revolutionary advance, he begins to apply his theories to the field of the mind and thereby to improve the conditions of others.[106]

An October 1945 Naval Board found that Hubbard was "considered physically qualified to perform duty ashore, preferably within the continental United States".[107] He was discharged from hospital on December 4, 1945, and transferred to inactive duty on February 17, 1946. He resigned his commission with effect from October 30, 1950.[108] The Church of Scientology says he quit because the U.S. Navy "attempted to monopolize all his researches and force him to work on a project 'to make man more suggestible' and when he was unwilling, tried to blackmail him by ordering him back to active duty to perform this function. Having many friends he was able to instantly resign from the Navy and escape this trap."[109] The Navy said in a statement in 1980: "There is no evidence on record of an attempt to recall him to active duty."[108]

The Church disputes the official record of Hubbard's naval career. It asserts that the records are incomplete and perhaps falsified "to conceal Hubbard's secret activities as an intelligence officer."[14] In 1990 the Church provided the Los Angeles Times with a document that was said to be a copy of Hubbard's official record of service. The U.S. Navy told the Times that "its contents are not supported by Hubbard's personnel record."[14] The New Yorker reported in February 2011 that the Scientology document was considered to be a forgery.[7]

Hubbard's life underwent a turbulent period immediately after the war. According to his own account, he "was abandoned by family and friends as a supposedly hopeless cripple and a probable burden upon them for the rest of my days".[110] His daughter Katherine presented a rather different version: his wife had refused to uproot their children from their home in Bremerton, Washington, to join him in California. Their marriage was by now in terminal difficulties and he chose to stay in California.[111]

In August 1945 Hubbard moved into the Pasadena mansion of John "Jack" Whiteside Parsons. A leading rocket propulsion researcher at the California Institute of Technology and a founder of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Parsons led a double life as an avid occultist and Thelemite, follower of the English ceremonial magician Aleister Crowley and leader of a lodge of Crowley's magical order, Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO).[7][112] He let rooms in the house only to tenants who he specified should be "atheists and those of a Bohemian disposition".[113]

Hubbard befriended Parsons and soon became sexually involved with Parsons's 21-year-old girlfriend, Sara "Betty" Northrup.[114] Despite this Parsons was very impressed with Hubbard and reported to Crowley:

[Hubbard] is a gentleman; he has red hair, green eyes, is honest and intelligent, and we have become great friends. He moved in with me about two months ago, and although Betty and I are still friendly, she has transferred her sexual affection to Ron. Although he has no formal training in Magick, he has an extraordinary amount of experience and understanding in the field. From some of his experiences I deduced that he is in direct touch with some higher intelligence, possibly his Guardian Angel. He describes his Angel as a beautiful winged woman with red hair whom he calls the Empress and who has guided him through his life and saved him many times. He is the most Thelemic person I have ever met and is in complete accord with our own principles.[115]

Parsons and Hubbard collaborated on the "Babalon Working", a sex magic ritual intended to summon an incarnation of Babalon, the Mother of Abominations. It was undertaken over several nights in February and March 1946 in order to summon an "elemental" who would participate in further sex magic.[116] As Richard Metzger describes it,

Parsons used his "magical wand" to whip up a vortex of energy so the elemental would be summoned. Translated into plain English, Parsons jerked off in the name of spiritual advancement whilst Hubbard (referred to as "The Scribe" in the diary of the event) scanned the astral plane for signs and visions.[117]

The "elemental" arrived a few days later in the form of Marjorie Cameron, who agreed to participate in Parsons' rites.[116] Soon afterwards, Parsons, Hubbard and Sara agreed to set up a business partnership, "Allied Enterprises", in which they invested nearly their entire savings—the vast majority contributed by Parsons. The plan was for Hubbard and Sara to buy yachts in Miami and sail them to the West Coast to sell for a profit. Hubbard had a different idea; he wrote to the U.S. Navy requesting permission to leave the country "to visit Central & South America & China" for the purposes of "collecting writing material"—in other words, undertaking a world cruise.[118] Aleister Crowley strongly criticized Parsons's actions, writing: "Suspect Ron playing confidence trick—Jack Parsons weak fool—obvious victim prowling swindlers." Parsons attempted to recover his money by obtaining an injunction to prevent Hubbard and Sara leaving the country or disposing of the remnants of his assets.[119] They attempted to sail anyway but were forced back to port by a storm. A week later, Allied Enterprises was dissolved. Parsons received only a $2,900 promissory note from Hubbard and returned home "shattered". He had to sell his mansion to developers soon afterwards to recoup his losses.[120]

Hubbard's fellow writers were well aware of what had happened between him and Parsons. L. Sprague de Camp wrote to Isaac Asimov on August 27, 1946, to tell him:

The more complete story of Hubbard is that he is now in Fla. living on his yacht with a man-eating tigress named Betty-alias-Sarah, another of the same kind ... He will probably soon thereafter arrive in these parts with Betty-Sarah, broke, working the poor-wounded-veteran racket for all its worth, and looking for another easy mark. Don't say you haven't been warned. Bob [Robert Heinlein] thinks Ron went to pieces morally as a result of the war. I think that's fertilizer, that he always was that way, but when he wanted to conciliate or get something from somebody he could put on a good charm act. What the war did was to wear him down to where he no longer bothers with the act.[121]

Scientology accounts do not mention Hubbard's involvement in occultism. He is instead described as "continu[ing] to write to help support his research" during this period into "the development of a means to better the condition of man."[122] The Church of Scientology has nonetheless acknowledged Hubbard's involvement with the OTO; a 1969 statement, written by Hubbard himself,[123] said:

Hubbard broke up black magic in America ... L. Ron Hubbard was still an officer of the U.S. Navy, because he was well known as a writer and a philosopher and had friends amongst the physicists, he was sent in to handle the situation. He went to live at the house and investigated the black magic rites and the general situation and found them very bad. ... Hubbard's mission was successful far beyond anyone's expectations. The house was torn down. Hubbard rescued a girl they were using. The black magic group was dispersed and destroyed and has never recovered.[124]

The Church of Scientology says Hubbard was "sent in" by his fellow science fiction author Robert Heinlein, "who was running off-book intelligence operations for naval intelligence at the time." However, Heinlein's authorized biographer has said that he looked into the matter at the suggestion of Scientologists but found nothing to corroborate claims that Heinlein had been involved, and his biography of Heinlein makes no mention of the matter.[7]

On August 10, 1946, Hubbard bigamously married Sara, while still married to Polly. It was not until 1947 that his first wife learned that he had remarried. Hubbard agreed to divorce Polly in June that year and the marriage was dissolved shortly afterwards, with Polly given custody of the children.[125]

Masters of Sleep, one of Hubbard's last works of pulp fiction, on the cover of the October 1950 issue of Fantastic Adventures
After Hubbard's wedding to Sara, the couple settled at Laguna Beach, California, where Hubbard took a short-term job looking after a friend's yacht[126] before resuming his fiction writing to supplement the small disability allowance that he was receiving as a war veteran.[127] Working from a trailer in a run-down area of North Hollywood,[125] Hubbard sold a number of science fiction stories that included his Ole Doc Methuselah series and the serialized novels The End Is Not Yet and To the Stars.[68] However, he remained short of money and repeatedly wrote to the Veterans Administration (VA) asking for an increase in his war pension. In October 1947 he wrote:

After trying and failing for two years to regain my equilibrium in civil life, I am utterly unable to approach anything like my own competence. My last physician informed me that it might be very helpful if I were to be examined and perhaps treated psychiatrically or even by a psychoanalyst. Toward the end of my service I avoided out of pride any mental examinations, hoping that time would balance a mind which I had every reason to suppose was seriously affected. I cannot account for nor rise above long periods of moroseness and suicidal inclinations, and have newly come to realize that I must first triumph above this before I can hope to rehabilitate myself at all.[128]

The VA eventually did increase his pension,[129] but his money problems continued. On August 31, 1948, he was arrested in San Luis Obispo, California, and subsequently pleaded guilty to a charge of petty theft, for which he was ordered to pay a $25 fine.[130] According to the Church of Scientology, around this time he "accept[ed] an appointment as a Special Police Officer with the Los Angeles Police Department and uses the position to study society's criminal elements"[46] and also "worked with neurotics from the Hollywood film community".[131]

In late 1948 Hubbard and Sara moved to Savannah, Georgia.[132] Here, Scientology sources say, he "volunteer[ed] his time in hospitals and mental wards, saving the lives of patients with his counseling techniques."[133] Hubbard began to make the first public mentions of what was to become Dianetics. He wrote in January 1949 that he was working on a "book of psychology" about "the cause and cure of nervous tension", which he was going to call The Dark Sword, Excalibur or Science of the Mind.[134] In April 1949, Hubbard wrote to several professional organizations to offer his research.[135] None were interested, so he turned to his editor John W. Campbell, who was more receptive due to a long-standing fascination with fringe psychologies and psychic powers ("psionics") that "permeated both his fiction and non-fiction."[136]

Campbell invited Hubbard and Sara to move into a cottage at Bay Head, New Jersey, not far from his own home at Plainfield. In July 1949 Campbell recruited an acquaintance, Dr. Joseph Winter, to help to develop Hubbard's new therapy of "Dianetics". Campbell told Winter:

With cooperation from some institutions, some psychiatrists, [Hubbard] has worked on all types of cases. Institutionalized schizophrenics, apathies, manics, depressives, perverts, stuttering, neuroses—in all, nearly 1000 cases. But just a brief sampling of each type; he doesn't have proper statistics in the usual sense. But he has one statistic. He has cured every patient he worked with. He has cured ulcers, arthritis, asthma.[137]

Hubbard collaborated with Campbell and Winter to refine his techniques,[138] testing them on science fiction fans recruited by Campbell.[139] The basic principle of Dianetics was that the brain recorded every experience and event in a person's life, even when unconscious. Bad or painful experiences were stored as "engrams" in a "reactive mind". These could be triggered later in life, causing emotional and physical problems. By carrying out a process called "auditing", a person could be regressed through his engrams to re-experiencing past experiences. This enabled engrams to be "cleared". The subject, who would now be in a state of "Clear", would have a perfectly functioning mind with an improved IQ and photographic memory.[140] The "Clear" would be cured of physical ailments ranging from poor eyesight to the common cold,[141] which Hubbard asserted were purely psychosomatic.[142]

Winter submitted a paper on Dianetics to the Journal of the American Medical Association and the American Journal of Psychiatry but both journals rejected it.[143] Hubbard and his collaborators decided to announce Dianetics in Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction instead. In an editorial, Campbell said: "Its power is almost unbelievable; it proves the mind not only can but does rule the body completely; following the sharply defined basic laws set forth, physical ills such as ulcers, asthma and arthritis can be cured, as can all other psychosomatic ills."[144] The birth of Hubbard's second daughter Alexis Valerie, delivered by Winter on March 8, 1950, came in the middle of the preparations to launch Dianetics.[137] A "Hubbard Dianetic Research Foundation" was established in April 1950 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, with Hubbard, Sara, Winter and Campbell on the board of directors. Dianetics was duly launched in Astounding's May 1950 issue and on May 9, Hubbard's companion book Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health was published.[145]

Hubbard called Dianetics "a milestone for man comparable to his discovery of fire and superior to his invention of the wheel and the arch". It was an immediate commercial success and sparked what Martin Gardner calls "a nation-wide cult of incredible proportions".[146] By August 1950, Hubbard's book had sold 55,000 copies, was selling at the rate of 4,000 a week and was being translated into French, German and Japanese. Five hundred Dianetic auditing groups had been set up across the United States.[147]

Dianetics was poorly received by the press and the scientific and medical professions.[147] The American Psychological Association criticized Hubbard's claims as "not supported by empirical evidence".[55] Scientific American said that Hubbard's book contained "more promises and less evidence per page than any publication since the invention of printing",[148] while The New Republic called it a "bold and immodest mixture of complete nonsense and perfectly reasonable common sense, taken from long acknowledged findings and disguised and distorted by a crazy, newly invented terminology".[149] Some of Hubbard's fellow science fiction writers also criticized it; Isaac Asimov considered it "gibberish"[66] while Jack Williamson called it "a lunatic revision of Freudian psychology".[150]

Several famous individuals became involved with Dianetics. Aldous Huxley received auditing from Hubbard himself,[151] the poet Jean Toomer[152] and the science fiction writers Theodore Sturgeon[153] and A. E. van Vogt became trained Dianetics auditors. Van Vogt temporarily abandoned writing and became the head of the newly established Los Angeles branch of the Hubbard Dianetic Research Foundation. Other branches were established in New York, Washington D.C., Chicago, Los Angeles, and Honolulu.[154][155]

Although Dianetics was not cheap, a great many people were nonetheless willing to pay; van Vogt later recalled "doing little but tear open envelopes and pull out $500 checks from people who wanted to take an auditor's course."[154] Financial controls were lax. Hubbard himself withdrew large sums with no explanation of what he was doing with it. On one occasion, van Vogt saw Hubbard taking a lump sum of $56,000 (equivalent to $0.5 million at 2010 prices) out of the Los Angeles Foundation's proceeds.[154] One of Hubbard's employees, Helen O'Brien, commented that at the Elizabeth, N.J. branch of the Foundation the books showed that "a month's income of $90,000 is listed, with only $20,000 accounted for."[156]

Hubbard played a very active role in the Dianetics boom, writing, lecturing and training auditors. Many of those who knew him spoke of being impressed by his personal charisma. Jack Horner, who became a Dianetics auditor in 1950, later said: "He was very impressive, dedicated and amusing. The man had tremendous charisma; you just wanted to hear every word he had to say and listen for any pearl of wisdom."[157] Isaac Asimov recalled in his autobiography how at a dinner party he, Robert Heinlein, L. Sprague de Camp and their wives "all sat as quietly as pussycats and listened to Hubbard. He told tales with perfect aplomb and in complete paragraphs."[66] As Atack comments, he was "a charismatic figure who compelled the devotion of those around him."[158] Christopher Evans described the personal qualities that Hubbard brought to Dianetics and Scientology:


He undoubtedly has charisma, a magnetic lure of an indefinable kind which makes him the centre of attraction in any kind of gathering. He is also a compulsive talker and pontificator ... His restless energy keeps him on the go throughout a long day—he is a poor sleeper and rises very early—and provides part of the drive which has allowed him to found and propagate a major international organization.[159]

Hubbard's supporters soon began to have doubts about Dianetics. Winter became disillusioned and wrote that he had never seen a single convincing Clear: "I have seen some individuals who are supposed to have been 'clear,' but their behavior does not conform to the definition of the state. Moreover, an individual supposed to have been 'clear' has undergone a relapse into conduct which suggests an incipient psychosis."[160] He also deplored the Foundation's omission of any serious scientific research.[161] Dianetics lost public credibility in August 1950 when a presentation by Hubbard before an audience of 6,000 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles failed disastrously.[162] He introduced a Clear named Sonya Bianca and told the audience that as a result of undergoing Dianetic therapy she now possessed perfect recall. However, Gardner writes, "in the demonstration that followed, she failed to remember a single formula in physics (the subject in which she was majoring) or the color of Hubbard's tie when his back was turned. At this point, a large part of the audience got up and left."[163]

Hubbard also faced other practitioners moving into leadership positions within the Dianetics community. It was structured as an open, public practice in which others were free to pursue their own lines of research and claim that their approaches to auditing produced better results than Hubbard's.[164] The community rapidly splintered and its members mingled Hubbard's ideas with a wide variety of esoteric and even occult practices.[165] By late 1950, the Elizabeth, N.J. Foundation was in financial crisis and the Los Angeles Foundation was more than $200,000 in debt.[166] Winter and Art Ceppos, the publisher of Hubbard's book, resigned in acrimonious circumstances.[151] Campbell also resigned, criticizing Hubbard for being impossible to work with, and blamed him for the disorganization and financial ruin of the Foundations.[167] By the summer of 1951, the Elizabeth, N.J. Foundation and all of its branches had closed.[156]

The collapse of Hubbard's marriage to Sara created yet more problems. He had begun an affair with his 20-year-old public relations assistant in late 1950, while Sara started a relationship with Dianetics auditor Miles Hollister.[168] Hubbard secretly denounced the couple to the FBI in March 1951, portraying them in a letter as communist infiltrators. According to Hubbard, Sara was "currently intimate with [communists] but evidently under coercion. Drug addiction set in fall 1950. Nothing of this known to me until a few weeks ago." Hollister was described as having a "sharp chin, broad forehead, rather Slavic". He was said to be the "center of most turbulence in our organization" and "active and dangerous".[169] The FBI did not take Hubbard seriously: an agent annotated his correspondence with the comment, "Appears mental".[170]

Three weeks later, Hubbard and two Foundation staff seized Sara and his year-old daughter Alexis and forcibly took them to San Bernardino, California, where he attempted unsuccessfully to find a doctor to examine Sara and declare her insane.[171] He let Sara go but took Alexis to Havana, Cuba. Sara filed a divorce suit on April 23, 1951, that accused him of marrying her bigamously and subjecting her to sleep deprivation, beatings, strangulation, kidnapping and exhortations to commit suicide.[172] The case led to newspaper headlines such as "Ron Hubbard Insane, Says His Wife."[173] Sara finally secured the return of her daughter in June 1951 by agreeing to a settlement with her husband in which she signed a statement, written by him, declaring:

The things I have said about L. Ron Hubbard in courts and the public prints have been grossly exaggerated or entirely false. I have not at any time believed otherwise than that L. Ron Hubbard is a fine and brilliant man.[174]

Dianetics appeared to be on the edge of total collapse. However, it was saved by Don Purcell, a millionaire businessman and Dianeticist who agreed to support a new Foundation in Wichita, Kansas. Their collaboration ended after less than a year when they fell out over the future direction of Dianetics.[175] The Wichita Foundation became financially unviable after a court ruled that it was liable for the unpaid debts of its defunct predecessor in Elizabeth, N.J. The ruling prompted Purcell and the other directors of the Wichita Foundation to file for voluntary bankruptcy in February 1952.[168] Hubbard resigned immediately and accused Purcell of having been bribed by the American Medical Association to destroy Dianetics.[175] Hubbard established a "Hubbard College" on the other side of town where he continued to promote Dianetics while fighting Purcell in the courts over the Foundation's intellectual property.[176]

Only six weeks after setting up the Hubbard College and marrying a staff member, 18-year-old Mary Sue Whipp, Hubbard closed it down and moved with his new bride to Phoenix, Arizona. He established a Hubbard Association of Scientologists International to promote his new "Science of Certainty"—Scientology.[177]

Hubbard established an "Academy of Scientology" at this Northwest, Washington, D.C. building in 1955. It is now the L. Ron Hubbard House museum. The Church of Scientology attributes its genesis to Hubbard's discovery of "a new line of research", first set out in his book Science of Survival—"that man is most fundamentally a spiritual being".[178] Non-Scientologist writers have suggested alternative motives: that he aimed "to reassert control over his creation",[165] that he believed "he was about to lose control of Dianetics",[175] or that he wanted to ensure "he would be able to stay in business even if the courts eventually awarded control of Dianetics and its valuable copyrights to ... the hated Don Purcell."[179]

Hubbard expanded upon the basics of Dianetics to construct a spiritually oriented (though at this stage not religious) doctrine based on the concept that the true self of a person was a thetan—an immortal, omniscient and potentially omnipotent entity.[180] Hubbard taught that the thetans, having created the material universe, had forgotten their god-like powers and become trapped in physical bodies.[181] Scientology aimed to "rehabilitate" each person's thetan to restore its original capacities and become once again an "Operating Thetan".[179][180] Hubbard insisted humanity was imperiled by the forces of "aberration", which were the result of engrams carried by the immortal thetans for billions of years.[175]

Hubbard introduced a device called an E-meter that he presented as having, as Miller puts it, "an almost mystical power to reveal an individual's innermost thoughts."[182] He promulgated Scientology through a series of lectures, bulletins and books such as A History of Man ("a cold-blooded and factual account of your last sixty trillion years")[182] and Scientology: 8-8008 ("With this book, the ability to make one's body old or young at will, the ability to heal the ill without physical contact, the ability to cure the insane and the incapacitated, is set forth for the physician, the layman, the mathematician and the physicist.")[183]

Scientology was organized in a very different way to the decentralized Dianetics movement. The Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS) was the only official Scientology organization. Training procedures and doctrines were standardized and promoted through HAS publications, and administrators and auditors were not permitted to deviate from Hubbard's approach.[165] Branches or "orgs" were organized as franchises, rather like a fast food restaurant chain. Each franchise holder was required to pay ten per cent of income to Hubbard's central organization. They were expected to find new recruits, known as "raw meat", but were restricted to providing only basic services. Costlier higher-level auditing was only provided by Hubbard's central organization.[184]

Although this model would eventually be extremely successful, Scientology was a very small-scale movement at first. Hubbard started off with only a few dozen followers, generally dedicated Dianeticists; a seventy-hour series of lectures in Philadelphia in December 1952 was attended by just 38 people.[185] Hubbard was joined in Phoenix by his 18-year-old son Nibs, who had been unable to settle down in high school.[186] Nibs had decided to become a Scientologist, moved into his father's home and went on to become a Scientology staff member and "professor".[187] Hubbard also traveled to the United Kingdom to establish his control over a Dianetics group in London. It was very much a shoestring operation; as Helen O'Brien later recalled, "there was an atmosphere of extreme poverty and undertones of a grim conspiracy over all. At 163 Holland Park Avenue was an ill-lit lecture room and a bare-boarded and poky office some eight by ten feet—mainly infested by long haired men and short haired and tatty women."[188] On September 24, 1952, only a few weeks after arriving in London, Hubbard's wife Mary Sue gave birth to her first child, a daughter whom they named Diana Meredith de Wolfe Hubbard.[189]

In February 1953, Hubbard acquired a doctorate from Sequoia University. According to a Scientology biography, this was "given in recognition of his outstanding work on Dianetics" and "as an inspiration to the many people ... who had been inspired by him to take up advanced studies in this field...""[109] The British government concluded in the 1970s that Sequoia University was a "degree mill" operated by Joseph Hough, a Los Angeles chiropractor.[190] Miller cites a telegram sent by Hubbard on February 27, 1953, in which he instructed Scientologist Richard de Mille to procure him a Ph.D from Hough urgently—"FOR GOSH SAKES EXPEDITE. WORK HERE UTTERLY DEPENDANT ON IT."[191] Hough's "university" was closed down by the Californian authorities in 1971. British government officials noted in a report written in 1977: "It has not and never had any authority whatsoever to issue diplomas or degrees and the dean is sought by the authorities 'for questioning'."[190]

A few weeks after becoming "Dr." Hubbard, he wrote to Helen O'Brien—who had taken over the day-to-day management of Scientology in the United States—proposing that Scientology should be transformed into a religion.[192] As membership declined and finances grew tighter, Hubbard had reversed the hostility to religion he voiced in Dianetics.[193] His letter to O'Brien discussed the legal and financial benefits of religious status.[193] The idea may not have been new; Hubbard has been quoted as telling an authors' convention in 1948, "Writing for a penny a word is ridiculous. If a man really wants to make a million dollars, the best way would be to start his own religion."[170][194][195] The Church of Scientology has denied that Hubbard said this and insists that it is a misattributed quote that was said instead by George Orwell, although they offer no proof of this claim.[196] Hubbard outlined plans for setting up a chain of "Spiritual Guidance Centers" charging customers $500 for twenty-four hours of auditing ("That is real money... Charge enough and we'd be swamped."). He wrote:


I await your reaction on the religion angle. In my opinion, we couldn't get worse public opinion than we have had or have less customers with what we've got to sell. A religious charter would be necessary in Pennsylvania or NJ to make it stick. But I sure could make it stick.[197]

O'Brien was not enthusiastic and resigned the following September, worn out by work.[198] She criticized Hubbard for creating "a temperate zone voodoo, in its inelasticity, unexplainable procedures, and mindless group euphoria."[199] He nonetheless pressed ahead and on December 18, 1953, he incorporated the Church of Scientology, Church of American Science and Church of Spiritual Engineering in Camden, New Jersey.[200] Hubbard, his wife Mary Sue and his secretary John Galusha became the trustees of all three corporations.[201] Hubbard later denied founding the Church of Scientology and to this day, Scientologists maintain that the "founding church" was actually the Church of Scientology of California, established on February 18, 1954, by Scientologist Burton Farber.[202] The reason for Scientology's religious transformation was explained by officials of the HAS:

[T]here is little doubt but what [sic] this stroke will remove Scientology from the target area of overt and covert attacks by the medical profession, who see their pills, scalpels, and appendix-studded incomes threatened ... [Scientologists] can avoid the recent fiasco in which a Pasadena practitioner is reported to have spent 10 days in that city's torture chamber for "practicing medicine without a license".[203]

Continuation of the Previous Post:

Scientology franchises became Churches of Scientology and some auditors began dressing as clergymen, complete with clerical collars. If they were arrested in the course of their activities, Hubbard advised, they should sue for massive damages for molesting "a Man of God going about his business."[200] A few years later he told Scientologists: "If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace ... Don't ever defend, always attack."[204] Any individual breaking away from Scientology and setting up his own group was to be shut down:

The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage rather than to win. The law can be used very easily to harass, and enough harassment on somebody who is simply on the thin edge anyway, well knowing that he is not authorized, will generally be sufficient to cause his professional decease. If possible, of course, ruin him utterly.[205]

The 1950s saw Scientology growing steadily. Hubbard finally achieved victory over Don Purcell in 1954 when the latter, worn out by constant litigation, handed the copyrights of Dianetics back to Hubbard.[206] Most of the formerly independent Scientology and Dianetics groups were either driven out of business or were absorbed into Hubbard's organizations.[207] Hubbard marketed Scientology through medical claims, such as attracting polio sufferers by presenting the Church of Scientology as a scientific research foundation investigating polio cases.[208] One advertisement during this period stated:

Plagued by illness? We'll make you able to have good health. Get processed by the finest capable auditors in the world today [...] Personally coached and monitored by L. Ron Hubbard.[209]

Scientology became a highly profitable enterprise for Hubbard.[210] He implemented a scheme under which he was paid a percentage of the Church of Scientology's gross income and by 1957 he was being paid about $250,000 annually—equivalent to $1.9 million at 2010 prices.[211] His family grew, too, with Mary Sue giving birth to three more children—Geoffrey Quentin McCaully on January 6, 1954;[198] Mary Suzette Rochelle on February 13, 1955;[212] and Arthur Ronald Conway on June 6, 1958.[213] In the spring of 1959, he used his newfound wealth to purchase Saint Hill Manor, an 18th century country house in Sussex formerly owned by Sawai Man Singh II, the Maharaja of Jaipur. The house became Hubbard's permanent residence and an international training center for Scientologists.[208]

By the start of the 1960s, Hubbard was the leader of a worldwide movement with thousands of followers. A decade later, however, he had left Saint Hill Manor and moved aboard his own private fleet of ships as the Church of Scientology faced worldwide controversy.

The Church of Scientology says that the problems of this period were due to "vicious, covert international attacks" by the United States government, "all of which were proven false and baseless, which were to last 27 years and finally culminated in the Government being sued for 750 million dollars for conspiracy."[109] Behind the attacks, claimed Hubbard, lay a vast conspiracy of "psychiatric front groups" secretly controlling governments: "Every single lie, false charge and attack on Scientology has been traced directly to this group's members. They have sought at great expense for nineteen years to crush and eradicate any new development in the field of the mind. They are actively preventing any effectiveness in this field."[214]

Hubbard believed that Scientology was being infiltrated by saboteurs and spies and introduced "security checking"[204] to identify those he termed "potential trouble sources" and "suppressive persons". Members of the Church of Scientology were interrogated with the aid of E-meters and were asked questions such as "Have you ever practiced homosexuality?" and "Have you ever had unkind thoughts about L. Ron Hubbard?"[215] For a time, Scientologists were even interrogated about crimes committed in past lives: "Have you ever destroyed a culture?" "Did you come to Earth for evil purposes?" "Have you ever zapped anyone?"[216]

He also sought to exert political influence, advising Scientologists to vote against Richard Nixon in the 1960 presidential election and establishing a Department of Government Affairs "to bring government and hostile philosophies or societies into a state of complete compliance with the goals of Scientology." This, he said, "is done by high-level ability to control and in its absence by a low-level ability to overwhelm. Introvert such agencies. Control such agencies."[217]

The U.S. Government was already well aware of Hubbard's activities. The FBI had a lengthy file on him, including a 1951 interview with an agent who considered him a "mental case".[167] Police forces in a number of jurisdictions began exchanging information about Scientology through the auspices of Interpol, which eventually led to prosecutions.[218] In 1958, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service withdrew the Washington, D.C. Church of Scientology's tax exemption after it found that Hubbard and his family were profiting unreasonably from Scientology's ostensibly non-profit income.[210] The Food and Drug Administration took action against Scientology's medical claims, seizing thousands of pills being marketed as "radiation cures"[219] as well as publications and E-meters. The Church of Scientology was required to label them as being "ineffective in the diagnosis or treatment of disease."[220]

Following the FDA's actions, Scientology attracted increasingly unfavorable publicity across the English-speaking world.[221] It faced particularly hostile scrutiny in Victoria, Australia, where it was accused of brainwashing, blackmail, extortion and damaging the mental health of its members.[222] The Victorian state government established a Board of Inquiry into Scientology in November 1963.[223] Its report, published in October 1965, condemned every aspect of Scientology and Hubbard himself. He was described as being of doubtful sanity, having a persecution complex and displaying strong indications of paranoid schizophrenia with delusions of grandeur. His writings were characterized as nonsensical, abounding in "self-glorification and grandiosity, replete with histrionics and hysterical, incontinent outbursts".[224] Sociologist Roy Wallis comments that the report drastically changed public perceptions of Scientology:

The former conception of the movement as a relatively harmless, if cranky, health and self-improvement cult, was transformed into one which portrayed it as evil, dangerous, a form of hypnosis (with all the overtones of Svengali in the layman's mind), and brainwashing.[222]

The report led to Scientology being banned in Victoria,[225] Western Australia and South Australia,[226] and led to more negative publicity around the world. Newspapers and politicians in the UK pressed the British government for action against Scientology. In July 1968, the British Minister of Health, Kenneth Robinson, announced that foreign Scientologists would no longer be permitted to enter the UK and Hubbard himself was excluded from the country as an "undesirable alien."[227] Further inquiries were launched in Canada, New Zealand and South Africa.[226]

Hubbard took three major new initiatives in the face of these challenges. "Ethics Technology" was introduced to tighten internal discipline within Scientology. It required Scientologists to "disconnect" from any organization or individual—including family members—deemed to be disruptive or "suppressive".[228] Scientologists were also required to write "Knowledge Reports" on each other, reporting transgressions or misapplications of Scientology methods. Hubbard promulgated a long list of punishable "Misdemeanors," "Crimes" and "High Crimes".[229] The "Fair Game" policy was introduced, which was applicable to anyone deemed an "enemy" of Scientology: "May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed."[230][231]

At the start of March 1966, Hubbard created the Guardian's Office (GO), a new agency within the Church of Scientology that was headed by his wife Mary Sue.[232] It dealt with Scientology's external affairs, including public relations, legal actions and the gathering of intelligence on perceived threats.[233] As Scientology faced increasingly negative media attention, the GO retaliated with hundreds of writs for libel and slander; it issued more than forty on a single day.[234] Hubbard ordered his staff to find "lurid, blood sex crime actual evidence [sic] on [Scientology's] attackers."[235]

Finally, at the end of 1966, Hubbard acquired his own fleet of ships.[7] He established the "Hubbard Explorational Company Ltd" which purchased three ships—the Enchanter, a forty-ton schooner,[236] the Avon River, an old trawler,[237] and the Royal Scotman [sic], a former Irish Sea cattle ferry that he made his home and flagship.[238] The ships were crewed by the Sea Organization or "Sea Org," a group of Scientologist volunteers, with the support of a couple of professional seamen.[7][239]

After Hubbard created the Sea Org "fleet", in early 1967 it began an eight-year voyage, sailing from port to port in the Mediterranean Sea and eastern North Atlantic. The fleet traveled as far as Corfu in the eastern Mediterranean and Dakar and the Azores in the Atlantic, but rarely stayed anywhere for longer than six weeks. Ken Urquhart, Hubbard's personal assistant at the time, later recalled:

[Hubbard] said we had to keep moving because there were so many people after him. If they caught up with him they would cause him so much trouble that he would be unable to continue his work, Scientology would not get into the world and there would be social and economic chaos, if not a nuclear holocaust.[240]

When Hubbard established the Sea Org he publicly declared that he had relinquished his management responsibilities. According to Miller, this was not true. He received daily telex messages from Scientology organizations around the world reporting their statistics and income. The Church of Scientology sent him $15,000 a week and millions of dollars were transferred to his bank accounts in Switzerland and Liechtenstein.[241] Couriers arrived regularly, conveying luxury food for Hubbard and his family[242] or cash that had been smuggled from England to avoid currency export restrictions.[243]

Along the way, Hubbard sought to establish a safe haven in "a friendly little country where Scientology would be allowed to prosper," as Miller puts it.[244] The fleet stayed at Corfu for several months in 1968–69. Hubbard renamed the ships after Greek gods—the Royal Scotman was rechristened Apollo—and he praised the recently established military dictatorship.[243] The Sea Org was represented as "Professor Hubbard's Philosophy School" in a telegram to the Greek government.[245] In March 1969, however, Hubbard and his ships were ordered to leave.[246] In mid-1972, Hubbard tried again in Morocco, establishing contacts with the country's secret police and training senior policemen and intelligence agents in techniques for detecting subversives.[247] The program ended in failure when it became caught up in internal Moroccan politics, and Hubbard left the country hastily in December 1972.[248]

At the same time, Hubbard was still developing Scientology's doctrines. A Scientology biography states that "free of organizational duties and aided by the first Sea Org members, L. Ron Hubbard now had the time and facilities to confirm in the physical universe some of the events and places he had encountered in his journeys down the track of time."[52] In 1965, he designated several existing Scientology courses as confidential, repackaging them as the first of the esoteric "OT levels".[249] Two years later he announced the release of OT3, the "Wall of Fire", revealing the secrets of an immense disaster that had occurred "on this planet, and on the other seventy-five planets which form this Confederacy, seventy-five million years ago."[250] Scientologists were required to undertake the first two OT levels before learning how Xenu, the leader of the Galactic Confederacy, had shipped billions of people to Earth and blown them up with hydrogen bombs, following which their traumatized spirits were stuck together at "implant stations", brainwashed with false memories and eventually became contained within human beings.[251] The discovery of OT3 was said to have taken a major physical toll on Hubbard, who announced that he had broken a knee, an arm, and his back during the course of his research.[252] A year later, in 1968, he unveiled OT levels 4 to 6 and began delivering OT training courses to Scientologists aboard the Royal Scotman.[253]

Scientologists around the world were presented with a glamorous picture of life in the Sea Org and many applied to join Hubbard aboard the fleet.[253] What they found was rather different from the image. Most of those joining had no nautical experience at all.[253] Mechanical difficulties and blunders by the crews led to a series of embarrassing incidents and near-disasters. Following one incident in which the rudder of the Royal Scotman was damaged during a storm, Hubbard ordered the ship's entire crew to be reduced to a "condition of liability" and wear gray rags tied to their arms.[254] The ship itself was treated the same way, with dirty tarpaulins tied around its funnel to symbolize its lower status. According to those aboard, conditions were appalling; the crew was worked to the point of exhaustion, given meagre rations and forbidden to wash or change their clothes for several weeks.[255] Hubbard maintained a harsh disciplinary regime aboard the fleet, punishing mistakes by confining people in the Royal Scotman's bilge tanks without toilet facilities and with food provided in buckets.[256] At other times erring crew members were thrown overboard with Hubbard looking on and, occasionally, filming.[257] David Mayo, a Sea Org member at the time, later recalled:

We tried not to think too hard about his behavior. It was not rational much of the time, but to even consider such a thing was a discreditable thought and you couldn't allow yourself to have a discreditable thought. One of the questions in a sec[curity] check was, "Have you ever had any unkind thoughts about LRH?" and you could get into very serious trouble if you had. So you tried hard not to.[258]

From about 1970, Hubbard was attended aboard ship by the children of Sea Org members, organized as the Commodore's Messenger Organization (CMO). They were mainly young girls dressed in hot pants and halter tops, who were responsible for running errands for Hubbard such as lighting his cigarettes, dressing him or relaying his verbal commands to other members of the crew.[259][260] In addition to his wife Mary Sue, he was accompanied by all four of his children by her, though not his first son Nibs, who had defected from Scientology in late 1959.[261] The younger Hubbards were all members of the Sea Org and shared its rigors, though Quentin Hubbard reportedly found it difficult to adjust and attempted suicide in mid-1974.[262]

The Internal Revenue Service building in Washington D.C., one of the targets of Hubbard's "Snow White Program"
During the 1970s, Hubbard faced an increasing number of legal threats. French prosecutors charged him and the French Church of Scientology with fraud and customs violations in 1972. He was advised that he was at risk of being extradited to France.[263] Hubbard left the Sea Org fleet temporarily at the end of 1972, living incognito in Queens, New York,[264] until he returned to his flagship in September 1973 when the threat of extradition had abated.[265] Scientology sources say that he carried out "a sociological study in and around New York City."[266]

Hubbard's health deteriorated significantly during this period. A chain-smoker, he also suffered from bursitis and excessive weight, and had a prominent growth on his forehead.[267] He suffered serious injuries in a motorcycle accident in 1973 and had a heart attack in 1975 that required him to take anticoagulant drugs for the next year.[268] In September 1978, Hubbard had a pulmonary embolism, falling into a coma, but recovered.[269]

He remained active in managing and developing Scientology, establishing the controversial Rehabilitation Project Force in 1974[270] and issuing policy and doctrinal bulletins.[271] However, the Sea Org's voyages were coming to an end. The Apollo was banned from several Spanish ports[271] and was expelled from Curaçao in October 1975.[270] The Sea Org came to be suspected of being a CIA operation, leading to a riot in Funchal, Madeira, when the Apollo docked there. Hubbard decided to relocate back to the United States to establish a "land base" for the Sea Org in Florida.[272] The Church of Scientology attributes this decision to the activities on the Apollo having "outgrow[n] the ship's capacity."[266]

In October 1975, Hubbard moved into a hotel suite in Daytona Beach. The Fort Harrison Hotel in Clearwater, Florida, was secretly acquired as the location for the "land base".[272] On December 5, 1975, Hubbard and his wife Mary Sue moved into a condominium complex in nearby Dunedin.[273] Their presence was meant to be a closely guarded secret but was accidentally compromised the following month.[274] Hubbard immediately left Dunedin and moved to Georgetown, Washington D.C., accompanied by a handful of aides and messengers, but not his wife.[275] Six months later, following another security alert in July 1976, Hubbard moved to another safe house in Culver City, California. He lived there for only about three months, relocating in October to the more private confines of the Olive Tree Ranch near La Quinta.[276] His second son Quentin committed suicide a few weeks later in Las Vegas.[277][278]

Throughout this period, Hubbard was heavily involved in directing the activities of the Guardian's Office (GO), the legal bureau/intelligence agency that he had established in 1966. He believed that Scientology was being attacked by an international Nazi conspiracy, which he termed the "Tenyaka Memorial", through a network of drug companies, banks and psychiatrists in a bid to take over the world.[279] In 1973, he instigated the "Snow White Program" and directed the GO to remove negative reports about Scientology from government files and track down their sources.[280] The GO was ordered to "get all false and secret files on Scientology, LRH ... that cannot be obtained legally, by all possible lines of approach ... i.e., job penetration, janitor penetration, suitable guises utilizing covers." His involvement in the GO's operations was concealed through the use of codenames. The GO carried out covert campaigns on his behalf such as Operation Bulldozer Leak, intended "to effectively spread the rumor that will lead Government, media, and individual [Suppressive Persons] to conclude that LRH has no control of the C of S and no legal liability for Church activity." He was kept informed of GO operations, such as the theft of medical records from a hospital, harassment of psychiatrists and infiltrations of organizations that had been critical of Scientology at various times, such as the Better Business Bureau, the American Medical Association, and American Psychiatric Association.[281]

Members of the GO infiltrated and burglarized numerous government organizations, including the U.S. Department of Justice and the Internal Revenue Service.[282] After two GO agents were caught in the Washington, D.C. headquarters of the IRS, the FBI carried out simultaneous raids on GO offices in Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. on July 7, 1977. They retrieved wiretap equipment, burglary tools and some 90,000 pages of incriminating documents. Hubbard was not prosecuted, though he was labeled an "unindicted co-conspirator" by government prosecutors. His wife Mary Sue was indicted and subsequently convicted of conspiracy. She was sent to a federal prison along with ten other Scientologists.[283]

Hubbard's troubles increased in February 1978 when a French court convicted him in absentia for obtaining money under false pretenses. He was sentenced to four years in prison and a 35,000FF ($7,000) fine.[284] He went into hiding in April 1979, moving to an apartment in Hemet, California, where his only contact with the outside world was via ten trusted Messengers. He cut contact with everyone else, even his wife, whom he saw for the last time in August 1979.[285] Hubbard faced a possible indictment for his role in Operation Freakout, the GO's campaign against New York journalist Paulette Cooper, and in February 1980 he disappeared into deep cover in the company of two trusted Messengers, Pat and Anne Broeker.[286][287]

For the first few years of the 1980s, Hubbard and the Broekers lived on the move, touring the Pacific Northwest in a recreational vehicle and living for a while in apartments in Newport Beach and Los Angeles.[288] Hubbard used his time in hiding to write his first new works of science fiction for nearly thirty years—Battlefield Earth (1982) and Mission Earth, a ten-volume series published between 1985 and 1987.[289] They received mixed responses; as writer Jeff Walker puts it, they were "treated derisively by most critics but greatly admired by followers."[290] Hubbard also wrote and composed music for three of his albums, which were produced by the Church of Scientology. The book soundtrack Space Jazz was released in 1982.[291] Mission Earth and The Road to Freedom were released posthumously in 1986.[292]

In Hubbard's absence, members of the Sea Org staged a takeover of the Church of Scientology and purged many veteran Scientologists. A young Messenger, David Miscavige, became Scientology's de facto leader. Mary Sue Hubbard was forced to resign her position and her daughter Suzette became Miscavige's personal maid.[293]

The ranch in San Luis Obispo County, California where Hubbard spent his final years
For the last two years of his life, Hubbard lived in a luxury Blue Bird motorhome on Whispering Winds, a 160-acre ranch near Creston, California. He remained in deep hiding while controversy raged in the outside world about whether he was still alive and if so, where. According to a spokesperson, he spent his time "writing and researching", pursuing photography and music, overseeing construction work and checking on his animals.[294] He repeatedly redesigned the property, spending millions of dollars remodeling the ranch house—which went virtually uninhabited—and building a quarter-mile horse-racing track with an observation tower, which reportedly was never used.[288]

He was still closely involved in managing the Church of Scientology via secretly delivered orders[288] and continued to receive large amounts of money, of which Forbes magazine estimated "at least $200 million [was] gathered in Hubbard's name through 1982". In September 1985, the IRS notified the Church that it was considering indicting Hubbard for tax fraud.[295]

Hubbard suffered further ill-health, including chronic pancreatitis, during his residence at Whispering Winds. He suffered a stroke on January 17, 1986, and died a week later.[283] The body was cremated following an autopsy and the ashes were scattered at sea.[296] Scientology leaders announced that his body had become an impediment to his work and that he had decided to "drop his body" to continue his research on another planet,[297] having "learned how to do it without a body".[298]

Hubbard was survived by his wife Mary Sue and all of his children except his second son Quentin. His will provided a trust fund to support Mary Sue; her children Arthur, Diana and Suzette; and Katherine, the daughter of his first wife Polly.[299] He disinherited two of his other children.[300] L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. had become estranged, changed his name to "Ronald DeWolf" and, in 1982, sued unsuccessfully for control of his father's estate.[301] Alexis Valerie, Hubbard's daughter by his second wife Sara, had attempted to contact her father in 1971. She was rebuffed with the implied claim that her real father was Jack Parsons rather than Hubbard, and that her mother had been a Nazi spy during the war.[302] Both later accepted settlements when litigation was threatened.[300] In 2001, Diana and Suzette were reported to still be Church members, while Arthur had left and become an artist. Hubbard's great-grandson, Jamie DeWolf, is a noted slam poet.[303]

The copyrights of his works and much of his estate and wealth were willed to the Church of Scientology.[304] In a bulletin dated May 5, 1980, Hubbard told his followers to preserve his teachings until an eventual reincarnation when he would return "not as a religious leader but as a political one".[5] The Church of Spiritual Technology (CST), a sister organization of the Church of Scientology, has engraved Hubbard's entire corpus of Scientology and Dianetics texts on steel tablets stored in titanium containers. They are buried at the Trementina Base in a vault under a mountain near Trementina, New Mexico, on top of which the CST's logo has been bulldozed on such a gigantic scale that it is visible from space.[305]

Hubbard is the Guinness World Record holder for the most published author, with 1,084 works,[306] most translated book (70 languages for The Way to Happiness)[307] and most audiobooks (185 as of April 2009).[308] According to Galaxy Press, Hubbard's Battlefield Earth has sold over 6 million copies and Mission Earth a further 7 million, with each of its ten volumes becoming New York Times bestsellers on their release.[26] However, the Los Angeles Times reported in 1990 that Hubbard's followers had been buying large numbers of the books and re-issuing them to stores to boost sales.[309] Opinions are divided about his literary legacy. Scientologists have written of their desire to "make Ron the most acclaimed and widely known author of all time".[309] The sociologist William Sims Bainbridge writes that even at his peak in the late 1930s Hubbard was regarded by readers of Astounding Science Fiction as merely "a passable, familiar author but not one of the best", while by the late 1970s "the [science fiction] subculture wishes it could forget him" and fans gave him a worse rating than any other of the "Golden Age" writers.[310]

In 2004, eighteen years after Hubbard's death, the Church claimed eight million followers worldwide. According to religious scholar J. Gordon Melton, this is an overestimate, counting as Scientologists people who had merely bought a book.[311] The City University of New York's American Religious Identification Survey found that by 2009 only 25,000 Americans identified as Scientologists.[312] Hubbard's presence still pervades Scientology. Every Church of Scientology maintains an office reserved for Hubbard, with a desk, chair and writing equipment, ready to be used.[304] Lonnie D. Kliever notes that Hubbard was "the only source of the religion, and he has no successor". Hubbard is referred to simply as "Source" within Scientology and the theological acceptability of any Scientology-related activity is determined by how closely it adheres to Hubbard's doctrines.[313] Hubbard's name and signature are official trademarks of the Religious Technology Center, established in 1982 to control and oversee the use of Hubbard's works and Scientology's trademarks and copyrights. The RTC is the central organization within Scientology's complex corporate hierarchy and has put much effort into re-checking the accuracy of all Scientology publications to "ensur[e] the availability of the pure unadulterated writings of Mr. Hubbard to the coming generations"[313]

The Danish historian of religions Mikael Rothstein describes Scientology as "a movement focused on the figure of Hubbard." He comments: "The fact that [Hubbard's] life is mythologized is as obvious as in the cases of Jesus, Muhammad or Siddartha Gotama. This is how religion works. Scientology, however, rejects this analysis altogether, and goes to great lengths to defend every detail of Hubbard's amazing and fantastic life as plain historical fact." Hubbard is presented as "the master of a multitude of disciplines" who performed extraordinary feats as a photographer, composer, scientist, therapist, explorer, navigator, philosopher, poet, artist, humanitarian, adventurer, soldier, scout, musician and many other fields of endeavor.[6] The Church of Scientology portrays Hubbard's life and work as having proceeded seamlessly, "as if they were a continuous set of predetermined events and discoveries that unfolded through his lifelong research" even up to and beyond his death.[2]

According to Rothstein's assessment of Hubbard's legacy, Scientology consciously aims to transfer the charismatic authority of Hubbard to institutionalize his authority over the organization, even after his death. Hubbard is presented as a virtually superhuman religious ideal just as Scientology itself is presented as the most important development in human history.[314] As Rothstein puts it, "reverence for Scientology's scripture is reverence for Hubbard, the man who in the Scientological perspective single-handedly brought salvation to all human beings."[6] David G. Bromley of the University of Virginia comments that the real Hubbard has been transformed into a "prophetic persona", "LRH", which acts as the basis for his prophetic authority within Scientology and transcends his biographical history.[2]

Gerry Armstrong, formerly Hubbard's official biographical researcher, whose trial disclosed many details of Hubbard's life
The Church of Scientology has not yet published a comprehensive official biography of Hubbard.[315] During his lifetime, a number of brief biographical sketches were published in his Scientology books. The Church of Scientology issued "the only authorized LRH Biography" in October 1977.[109] His life was illustrated in print in What Is Scientology?, a glossy publication published in 1978 with paintings of Hubbard's life contributed by his son Arthur.[316]

Following Hubbard's death, Bridge Publications has published several stand-alone biographical accounts of his life, notably The Ron Series, dedicated to various aspects of Hubbard's life and work. Marco Frenschkowski notes that "non-Scientologist readers immediately recognize some parts of Hubbard's life are here systematically left out: no information whatsoever is given about his private life (his marriages, divorces, children), his legal affairs and so on."[65] The Church maintains an extensive website presenting the official version of Hubbard's life.[317] It also owns a number of properties dedicated to Hubbard including the Los Angeles-based L. Ron Hubbard Life Exhibition, a presentation of Hubbard's life, and the Author Services Center, dedicated to Hubbard's writings,[318] and the L. Ron Hubbard House in Washington, D.C.

In the late 1970s two men began to assemble a very different picture of Hubbard's life. Michael Linn Shannon, a resident of Portland, Oregon, became interested in Hubbard's life story after an encounter with a Scientology recruiter. Over the next four years he collected previously undisclosed records and documents. He intended to write an exposé of Hubbard and sent a copy of his findings and key records to a number of contacts but was unable to find a publisher.[319]

Shannon's findings were acquired by Gerry Armstrong, a Scientologist who had been appointed Hubbard's official archivist.[319] He had been given the job of assembling documents relating to Hubbard's life for the purpose of helping Omar V. Garrison, a non-Scientologist who had written two books sympathetic to Scientology, to write an official biography. However, the documents that he uncovered convinced both Armstrong and Garrison that Hubbard had systematically misrepresented his life. Garrison refused to write a "puff piece" and declared that he would not "repeat all the falsehoods they [the Church of Scientology] had perpetuated over the years." He wrote a "warts and all" biography while Armstrong quit Scientology, taking five boxes of papers with him. The Church of Scientology and Mary Sue Hubbard sued for the return of the documents while settling out of court with Garrison, requiring him to turn over the nearly completed manuscript of the biography.[320] In October 1984 Judge Paul G. Breckenridge ruled in Armstrong's favor, saying:

The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background and achievements. The writings and documents in evidence additionally reflect his egoism, greed, avarice, lust for power, and vindictiveness and aggressiveness against persons perceived by him to be disloyal or hostile. At the same time it appears that he is charismatic and highly capable of motivating, organizing, controlling, manipulating and inspiring his adherents. He has been referred to during the trial as a "genius", a "revered person", a man who was "viewed by his followers in awe". Obviously, he is and has been a very complex person and that complexity is further reflected in his alter ego, the Church of Scientology.[321]

In November 1987, the British journalist and writer Russell Miller published Bare-faced Messiah, the first full-length biography of L. Ron Hubbard. He drew on Armstrong's papers, official records and interviews with those who had known Hubbard including ex-Scientologists and family members. The book was well-received by reviewers but the Church of Scientology sought unsuccessfully to prohibit its publication on the grounds of copyright infringement.[322] Other critical biographical accounts are found in Bent Corydon's L. Ron Hubbard, Messiah or Madman? (1987) and Jon Atack's A Piece of Blue Sky (1990).

According to the Church of Scientology, Hubbard produced some 65 million words on Dianetics and Scientology, contained in about 500,000 pages of written material, 3,000 recorded lectures and 100 films. His works of fiction included some 500 novels and short stories.[305]

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193.^ a b Kent, Stephen A. "The Creation of 'Religious' Scientology". Religious Studies and Theology 18:2, pp. 97–126. 1999. ISSN 1747-5414
194.^ Lawrence, Sara. (April 18, 2006) "The Secrets of Scientology" The Independent. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
195.^ Staff. (April 5, 1976). "Religion: A Sci-Fi Faith". Time. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
196.^ Did L. Ron Hubbard state that the way to make money was to start a religion? Church of Scientology International, 2003, retrieved February 8, 2011.
197.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. Letter of April 10, 1953. Quoted in Miller, p. 213
198.^ a b Miller, p. 214
199.^ O'Brien, p. vii
200.^ a b Williams, Ian. The Alms Trade: Charities, Past, Present and Future, p. 127. New York: Cosimo, 2007. ISBN 978-1-60206-753-0
201.^ Voltz, Tom. Scientology und (k)ein Ende, p. 75. Solothurn: Walter, 1995. ISBN 978-3-530-89980-1
202.^ Atack, p. 137
203.^ Staff (April 1954). "Three Churches Are Given Charters in New Jersey". The Aberree, volume 1, issue 1, p. 4
204.^ a b Miller, p. 239
205.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. "The Scientologist: A Manual on the Dissemination of Material", 1955. Quoted in Atack, p. 139
206.^ Atack, p. 138
207.^ Atack, p. 139
208.^ a b Streissguth, p. 74
209.^ Staff (Hubbard?) (November 1957). Ability, Issue 58, p. 5.
210.^ a b Atack, p. 142
211.^ Miller, p. 227
212.^ Miller, p. 221
213.^ Miller, p. 230
214.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. "Constitutional Destruction". June 9, 1969, retrieved February 8, 2011.
215.^ Atack, p. 150
216.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. "Sec Check Whole Track", HCO Bulletin of June 19, 1961; quoted in Atack, p. 152
217.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. "Department of Government Affairs", HCO Policy Letter of August 15, 1960; quoted in Miller, p. 241
218.^ Fooner, Michael. Interpol: issues in world crime and international criminal justice, p. 13. New York: Plenum Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-306-43135-7
219.^ Miller, p. 228
220.^ Atack, p. 154
221.^ Wallis, p. 192
222.^ a b Wallis, p. 215
223.^ Miller, p. 250
224.^ Miller, pp. 252–53
225.^ Wallis, p. 193
226.^ a b Wallis, p. 196
227.^ Atack, p. 183
228.^ Atack, p. 155
229.^ Atack, p. 156
230.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. "Penalties for Lower Conditions". HCO Policy Letter of October 18, 1967, Issue IV. Quoted in Atack, pp. 175–176
231.^ Wallis, pp. 144–145
232.^ Atack, p. 161
233.^ Atack, p. 165
234.^ Atack, p. 189
235.^ Atack, p. 160
236.^ Miller, p. 264
237.^ Miller, p. 265
238.^ Miller, p. 269
239.^ Miller, p. 272
240.^ Quoted in Miller, p. 297
241.^ Miller, p. 299
242.^ Miller, p. 300
243.^ a b Miller, p. 290
244.^ Miller, p. 310
245.^ Miller, p. 295
246.^ Miller, p. 296
247.^ Miller, p. 311
248.^ Miller, p. 312
249.^ Atack, p. 159
250.^ Hubbard, L. Ron. "Ron's Journal '67", quoted in Atack, p. 173.
251.^ Atack, p. 32
252.^ Atack, p. 173
253.^ a b c Atack, p. 177
254.^ Miller, p. 285
255.^ Miller, p. 286
256.^ Atack, p. 180
257.^ Atack, p. 186
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259.^ Miller, p. 301
260.^ Sappell, Joel; Welkos, Robert (June 24, 1990). "The Mind Behind the Religion : Life With L. Ron Hubbard". Los Angeles Times, retrieved February 20, 2011.
261.^ Miller, p. 236
262.^ Miller, p. 325
263.^ Corydon, Bent. L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?, p. 94. Fort Lee, N.J.: Barricade Books, 1992. ISBN 978-0-942637-57-1
264.^ Miller, p. 314
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266.^ a b "L. Ron Hubbard: A Chronicle: 1970-1979". Church of Scientology International, 2007, retrieved February 8, 2011.
267.^ Miller, p. 316
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269.^ Atack, p. 256
270.^ a b Atack, p. 206
271.^ a b Atack, p. 204
272.^ a b Miller, p. 334
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278.^ Sappell, Joel; Robert W. Welkos (June 24, 1990). "The Mind Behind the Religion : Life With L. Ron Hubbard : Aides indulged his eccentricities and egotism". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 19, 2011.
279.^ Beresford, David (February 7, 1980). "Snow White's dirty tricks". London: The Guardian
280.^ Miller, pp. 317–318
281.^ Marshall, John (January 24, 1980). "The Scientology Papers: Hubbard still gave orders, records show". Toronto: Globe and Mail
282.^ Streissguth, p. 75
283.^ a b Reitman, p. 323
284.^ Marshall, John (January 26, 1980). "The Scientology Papers: The hidden Hubbard". Toronto: Globe and Mail
285.^ Atack, p. 258
286.^ Atack, p. 259
287.^ Miller, p. 364
288.^ a b c Sappell, Joel; Welkos, Robert W. (June 24, 1990). The Mind Behind the Religion : Chapter Four : The Final Days : Deep in hiding, Hubbard kept tight grip on the church." Los Angeles Times, retrieved February 8, 2011.
289.^ Queen, Edward L.; Prothero, Stephen R.; Shattuck, Gardiner H. Encyclopedia of American religious history, Volume 1, p. 493. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2009. ISBN 978-0-8160-6660-5
290.^ Walker, Jeff. The Ayn Rand cult, p. 275. Chicago: Open Court, 1999. ISBN 978-0-8126-9390-4
291.^ Garchik, Leah (March 17, 2006). "Leah Garchik (Daily Datebook)". San Francisco Chronicle (The Chronicle Publishing Co.): p. E16.
292.^ Goldstein, Patrick (September 21, 1986). "Hubbard Hymns". Los Angeles Times: p. 40.
293.^ Miller, p. 366
294.^ Brown, Mark (January 30, 1986). "Creston provided quiet retreat for controversial church leader". The County Telegram-Tribune, San Luis Obispo, pp. 1A/5A.
295.^ Behar, Richard (October 27, 1986). "The prophet and profits of Scientology". Forbes 400 (Forbes)
296.^ Miller, p. 375
297.^ Petrowsky, Marc. Sects, cults, and spiritual communities: a sociological analysis, p. 144. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1998. ISBN 978-0-275-95860-2
298.^ Atack, p. 354
299.^ [Staff] (February 7, 1986). "Hubbard Left Most of Estate to Scientology Church; Executor Appointed". The Associated Press
300.^ a b Atack, p. 356
301.^ Lamont, p. 154
302.^ Miller, p. 306
303.^ Lattin, Don (February 12, 2001). "Scientology Founder's Family Life Far From What He Preached". San Francisco Chronicle, retrieved February 12, 2011.
304.^ a b Reitman, p. 324
305.^ a b Gallagher, Eugene V.; Ashcraft, Michael. African Diaspora Traditions and Other American Innovations, p. 172; vol 5 of Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006. ISBN 978-0-275-98717-6
306.^ "Most published works by one author". GuinnessWorldRecords.com. Guinness World Records. Retrieved February 12, 2011.
307.^ "Most translated author, same book". GuinnessWorldRecords.com. Guinness World Records. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
308.^ "Most audio books published for one author". GuinnessWorldRecords.com. Guinness World Records. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
309.^ a b Sappell, Joel; Welkos, Robert W. (June 28, 1990). "Costly Strategy Continues to Turn Out Bestsellers". Los Angeles Times, retrieved February 15, 2011.
310.^ Bainbridge, William Sims. "Science and Religion: The Case of Scientology", in Bromley, David G.; Hammond, Phillip E. (eds). The Future of new religious movements, p. 63. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1987. ISBN 978-0-86554-238-9
311.^ Jarvik, Elaine (September 20, 2004). "Scientology: Church now claims more than 8 million members". Deseret Morning News. Retrieved February 13, 2011.
312.^ Associated Press. "Defections, court fights test Scientology". MSNBC.com, November 1, 2009, retrieved February 14, 2011
313.^ a b Rothstein, p. 24
314.^ Rothstein, p. 20
315.^ Gallagher, Eugene V. The new religious movements experience in America, p. 216. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004. ISBN 978-0-313-32807-7
316.^ Miller, p. 350
317.^ Available at www.lronhubbard.org
318.^ Cowan, Douglas E.; Bromley, David G. Cults and new religions: a brief history, p. 30. Oxford: Blackwell, 2008. ISBN 20089781405161282
319.^ a b Atack, p. 46
320.^ Shelor, George-Wayne. "Writer tells of Hubbard's 'faked past'". Clearwater Sun, May 10, 1984
321.^ Breckenridge Jr., Paul G. (October 24, 1984). Memorandum of Intended Decision, Church of Scientology of California vs. Gerald Armstrong. Quoted by Miller, pp. 370-71
322.^ Murtagh, Peter (October 10, 1987). "Scientologists fail to suppress book about church's founder." The Guardian.

[edit] References

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Behar, Richard Pushing Beyond the U.S.: Scientology makes its presence felt in Europe and Canada
Bromley, David G. "Making Sense of Scientology: Prophetic, Contractual Religion", in Lewis, James R. (ed.), Scientology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-533149-3 OCLC 232786014
Christensen, Dorthe Refslund. "Inventing L. Ron Hubbard: On the Construction and Maintenance of the Hagiographic Mythology of Scientology's Founder", pp. 227–258 in Lewis, James R.; Petersen, Jesper Aagaard: Controversial new religions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-19-515683-6, OCLC 53398162, available through Oxford Scholarship Online, doi:10.1093/019515682X.003.0011
Evans, Christopher. Cults of Unreason. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1974. ISBN 0-374-13324-7, OCLC 863421
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Miller, Russell. Bare-faced Messiah: the true story of L. Ron Hubbard. London: Joseph, 1987. ISBN 0-7181-2764-1, OCLC 17481843
O'Brien, Helen. Dianetics in Limbo: A Documentary About Immortality. Philadelphia: Whitmore Publishing, 1966. OCLC 4797460
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devakas wrote:

orthodoxymoron wrote:Devakas, it is interesting that you mention 'fighting Kali'. I created a 'Kali' thread -- and made many speculations. .............
........... I'm looking forward to reading that book!

 Namaste

 

:DYOU OXY will write this book!!


Namaste

study yugas for help and you will get help as it will be correct service (hare)in many many ways. and for humanity. You will get help!

devakas

just dont think about yourself or others, think about humanity!!

Thank-you devakas. I get nervous when I think about writing books. That places things on an entirely different level. I really just wanted to discuss various topics with the right humans (and other than humans) on the internet. This hasn't happened to any significant degree. The right kind of conversation has not occurred. This whole thing seems increasingly insane. I am very disillusioned and discouraged at this point. Focusing upon humanity is key. Doing that which is in everyone's best-interest is essential.

What if there were:

1. No Stock-Market?
2. No Federal Reserve?
3. No IRS?
4. No Fractional-Reserve Banking?
5. No Debt Whatsoever?

What if one had to become part-owner of a company to invest in it? What if one had to deal directly with the company to invest in it? What if we paid all of our taxes via 'Point of Sale'? What if we paid cash for everything? What One Does With Their Money Should Probably Be More Ethically-Precise Than the Process of Making Money. This might be somewhat hypocritical -- but think this through with excruciating detail and insight. If the bad guys and gals keep winning in the marketplace -- the good guys and gals will not have the resources to create a better world. Think about it. Robin Hood probably had the right idea (stealing from the rich, and giving to the poor). What did you think about Reagan Hood (stealing from the poor, and giving to the rich)??!! Consider the Karmic-Debt. Crime Does Not Pay on Judgment-Day. I admire those who are capable of winning in the marketplace -- while maintaining the highest ethical standards -- who live rather modestly -- and who give liberally to worthy charities. I'm not a big fan of class warfare -- but I would prefer that there be a stratified middle-class -- with very few destitute-poor or obscenely-wealthy. I would like to refine the existing system -- without destroying it, and starting over. I'm for refining and reforming just about everything. I'm for 'Responsible-Enterprise' rather than 'Laissez-Faire Capitalism'. BTW -- I don't endorse stealing -- I liked Ronald Reagan -- but I wasn't so fond of 'Poppy'. I simply don't want nice guys and gals to finish last. I wish to reward responsibility and punish irresponsibility. I think there is a place for Constructive Competition -- but no place for Destructive Greed -- which is really Irresponsible Competition. These distinctions are subtle -- yet extremely important.
 
For several years, I've been requesting a detailed critique of my internet posting (especially regarding this 'United States of the Solar System' thread) -- but this has not occurred. For several years, I've been requesting some detailed conversation concerning Solar System Governance -- but this has not occurred. Perhaps there are legitimate reasons why. I've been really passive about all of this. My research has not been aggressive at all. I don't have a staff. I don't meet with insiders (I used to meet with an Ancient Egyptian Deity -- but I think they hate me -- going way back -- and we're not talking) -- so I'm really out of the loop. Reading 'Defending Sacred Ground' by Alex Collier, or listening to Sherry Shriner, is about as 'insider' as things get for me. But I really think that some of those who frequent this site know a helluva lot -- but the conversation has been very restrained -- with mostly silence. Again, perhaps there are legitimate reasons why. I'm trying to play in the big-leagues (conceptually speaking) without knowing what the hell is really going on. This is very frustrating (and potentially dangerous). I'm trying to help -- but I suspect that I might be doing just the opposite.

What if there is another Human Earth somewhere -- with an operational United States of the Solar System??? What if there is more to this thread than my diseased and fevered imagination??? I continue to wonder what I've done, and where I've been, in previous lives. This life has been unproductive-misery -- but perhaps there is a reincarnational reason why this is the case! What if I've been involved with a United States of the Solar System -- in a distant solar system???!!! Surprisingly, this wouldn't surprise me in the least -- and I mean it. I continue to wonder if the Dracs and Greys like me or hate me??!! I've been told that I am liked on Phobos (but I have no idea if this is true -- or whether it might be a good thing). I've also been told that the Jesuits don't like me (and historically, that often was a bad thing for the despised and persecuted -- to say the least).

I'm not depending on anyone -- but I'm trying to not burn my bridges with anyone -- including other than humans. I'm thinking that the true roots of the Nazi phenomenon go way back into Babylon, Egypt, Rome -- and possibly Sirius, Aldebaran, and Orion. I'm increasingly thinking in Ancient, Occult, and Off-World terms. I'm also thinking increasingly that some sort of an Ancient Master Plan got hijacked and corrupted. I guess I'm trying to hijack this Hypothetical Plan -- and then purify and refine it -- as crazy as that sounds.

I wonder how many of the moons and asteroids in this solar system are populated and piloted?? I keep thinking that the number is astronomical. We seem to be facing some sort of a nasty galactic showdown. I continue to be fascinated by the Easter-Table in my 1928 'Book of Common Prayer'. The last Easter in the table is 'Easter 2013'. Was someone trying to tell us something? Were the included printed texts intended to tell us something significant? I wonder.

I continue to recommend this thread as a mental and spiritual work-out -- rather than being some sort of an exclusive claim to the 'truth'. I do not have a 'Monopoly on God'. I might have a mild case of the 'Messiah Complex' -- but that's about it. Most of this has to do with attempting to 'Think God's Thoughts After Him and/or Her'. This modeling process is somewhat dangerous, in my opinion. It's a nasty job, but someone has to do it. The clergy probably do this all the time -- but I'm just less tactful and reserved. I just blurt out my thoughts about this and that -- including various irreverent speculations concerning God (with an upper or lower case 'g'). I continue to think that we should consider ALL of the possibilities about the most important topics imaginable. I simply had to move away from thinking about 9/11. I had to move on. Perhaps 9/11 is just the tip of a HUGE iceberg -- and when the inter-connected dark-truth REALLY starts to come-out -- it could potentially destroy our civilization. This whole thing might be a 'Damned If We Do -- And Damned If We Don't' situation. How do we save the world, without killing the planet???

Regardless of the truth or error of my pseudo-intellectual ways -- the nature of the human-soul -- and what life and circumstances pre-existed the human-being -- are vital bits of information. I continue to think that this might have something to do with the 'Biggest-Secret'. Now, if you'll excuse me, I'm going to read some more 'Defending Sacred Ground' by Alex Collier. I don't believe everything Alex says, but his material makes me think deeply about a lot of difficult subjects. He wrote that the Summarian definition of 'SIN' is 'Genetic Defect' -- which provides some support for my 'The Genetic-Engineering of the Human-Being was the Original (and Unpardonable?) Sin -- and that We the People are 'Born into Sin' simply because we are a Renegade Race' Theory.

"I think we're property. I should say we belong to something: That once upon a time, this earth was No-Man's Land, that other worlds explored and colonized here, and fought among themselves for possession, but that now it's owned by something: That something owns this earth -- all other warned off."-- from 'The Book of the Damned' by Charles Fort

What if we live in a predominantly Reptilian universe??? What if the Universal Church is a Reptilian Theocracy??? I don't mean to be mean. I simply wish to know what we're dealing with. I continue to wonder if Earth Humanity is a Renegade Reptilian Faction in Human-Form??!! If this is true -- and if the general public were told about this -- how might they react??? Many believe that we came from the monkeys -- so would it be that much worse if they thought that we came from the snakes and the monkeys???

"in the final time of crisis,
the Serpent Goddess will shake herself loose from her deep exiled sleep
in the earth's belly.
Perhaps the serpent of life's flowing energy
will begin to rise again,
all luminous and of the earth,
and the children of our Great Mother will rise up with it,
and the universe will be our home again, as before.
This flight is not an escape, but a return.
The only way for humans to survive the end is
to return to the beginning."
---From "The Great Cosmic Mother"

Here is an interesting excerpt from 'Defending Sacred Ground' -- Chapter 5 -- with Alex Collier and Val Valarian:

Val Valarian: You noted that 'we are all to become teachers' when the Earth passes from the fourth density to the fifth. Are you able to elaborate on that?

Alex Collier: Yes. Essentially, what is supposed to happen is that when we move into fifth density, many of us, for some reason, are going to find us back where we started, with our extraterrestrial origin.

Val Valarian: In alien humanoid bodies from whence we came, before we occupied bodies here?

Alex Collier: Exactly, and with all the experiences here. According to Moraney, they will all be recognized as teachers and as a group that has gone through a 'first ever' transformation.

Is this what we were before we were human? Is this what we will be after we are no longer human? I have no idea -- but as you well know -- I am attempting to think way outside of the box.

I have come to a somewhat painful realization that my particular journey will probably have to be a solitary journey. Solitude may be my Best Friend. I have attempted to be social -- but my True-Self is too different to resonate with those I have encountered. Perhaps I should not be frustrated by this. Perhaps I should simply 'Be Me Privately'. Perhaps it's easier that way. I will be periodically reposting -- to reinforce certain topics, principles, and concepts. Repetition, Theme and Variation -- are an important part of properly utilizing this thread. Here's some more love, light, and joy from Sherry Shriner. http://www.blogtalkradio.com/sherrytalkradio/2012/05/22/monday-night-with-sherry-shriner I continue to have a very 'mixed' reaction to Sherry. I do a lot of 'reading between the lines' when I listen to her show. I don't take anything at face-value. I have a hunch who Sherry really is -- but I won't elaborate.

I am VERY-WARY about getting on a UFO, and going to a distant planet. I am attempting to contemplate fixing things right here in this solar system, and constructively interacting with the various beings of the universe. I would have to know a helluva lot more before I ever get on a UFO. I have been asked by someone who I think might travel regularly on UFO's, if I would board a UFO -- and I told them that I would be very hesitant to do so -- and that I probably wouldn't. I think we're playing a very dangerous game. We need to ask a helluva lot of questions -- and analyze the answers very carefully. On the other hand, if I absolutely knew that I wouldn't be kidnapped, harmed, or eaten -- I wouldn't mind traveling through the galaxy aboard a Mother-Ship full of Dracs and Greys. Their appearance, belief-system, behavior, etc. would not cause me to hate them, or to be hostile toward them. I simply wish to be safe and secure -- and I desire that this be the case for all beings throughout the universe. BTW, I lean strongly toward the Joseph Farrell approach regarding studying the esoteric and the unknown.

When I speak of the 1928 'Book of Common Prayer' and the 'Desire of Ages' below (in blue) I am intending this as a starting-point or a point of reference -- not as a 'religious test'. This is intended to give structure and character to a skeletal plan. Was this too confusing for some of you? I'd love to continue, but my computer is fighting with me. You Spooks wouldn't have anything to do with this, would you? Just remember that you are being watched more closely than you are watching me. Think long and hard about who you are REALLY working for. You might be surprised. I don't mean to be mean or shrill. I'm simply quite paranoid, and I'm very worried about what might really be going on throughout the universe. I keep trying to think 'happy-thoughts' -- but it just isn't happening for me.

orthodoxymoron wrote:Is the United States of the Solar System a Representative-Republic or a Representative-Theocracy? Is the 'Separation of Church and State' intended to keep a Good God or a Bad God out of government and governance? Think about it. Is the 'God of This World' a Good God or a Bad God? As blasphemous and irreligious as this sounds, what if Washington D.C. were superimposed onto Vatican City -- with 10,000 PhD Representatives -- a Ceremonial and Ambassadorial PhD King and PhD Queen of the United States of the Solar System -- and a Very Human, Very Visible, and Very Imperfect Ceremonial, Ambassadorial (and Authority of Last Resort) PhD 'God' (making sure that things didn't spiral out of control -- but not micromanaging or manipulating)???!!! What if half of the PhD Representatives resided in Italy -- and participated in daily legislative sessions within Vatican City? What if the other half of the PhD Representatives were spread throughout the Solar System -- communicating and voting via the InterPlaNet???!!! If Fox News broadcast this proposal -- can you imagine being one of the people answering the angry and livid calls from the General Public???!!! Can you imagine the Official Statements from the Political and Religious Leaders of the World???!!! Can you imagine the responses from Sirius and Orion???!!! Would we suffer a Drac-Attack???!!! Would a Solar System 'God' be the Real Deal -- or just a Propped-Up Puppet Who Agreed to Sell-Out the Human Race??? Would a Solar System God be the God of the Universe -- or just a Local God?? Would there be a Human God and a Reptilian God? Does Michael-Horus-Jesus have Dual-Citizenship?? This 'God Issue' could be EXTREMELY complex and problematic -- in the context of a hypothetical Reptilian v Human Galactic Civil War. Sherri Shriner says that Aliens Are Not Our Friends. But what if Aliens Are Our Relatives???!!! Just think of that Hundred Mile-Long Alien-Spacecraft as being a Bad@$$teroid Mother-In-Law Ship!!!! There's a reason why some of us lead -- and why some of us are merely internet warriors!!! What continues to REALLY worry me -- is whether the Human Race is capable of properly debating and discussing this sort of thing???!!! Is there a critical mass of people who are REALLY doing their homework regarding Politics and Theology in a New Solar System and Brave New Universe???!!! I know there are certain individuals who read my tripe -- completely understand it -- and are capable of intelligently discussing everything in this thread -- yet choose to remain silent or mostly silent. This makes me EXTREMELY apprehensive. I am keeping this tempest in a teapot safely within the confines of this website -- but a proper conversation is NOT occurring. I had hoped that this could be a Mostly Private Back-Channel -- with some meaningful discussions -- even with Alphabet Agency Interns -- but this isn't happening. It seems as if everyone is watching gleefully as I continue to post Provocative Non-PC Speculations and Proposals -- which can and will be (and probably already have been) used against me. I will be MOST interested to learn who said what about me. What did YOU say -- and when did you say it??? I came in peace. Shall I leave you to your own devices -- or will ET simply leave us in pieces???

I continue to conceptualize the possibility of the historical and contemporary existence of an Orion-Sirius-Egyptian-Roman Empire, administered in this solar system by a hypothetical Reincarnating Osiris-Isis-Horus-Set Royal Family -- wherein the Roman Empire and the Roman Catholic Church would be a highly important and relevant piece of this puzzle. I can't prove this -- and I don't even have a lot of evidence -- but it is part of my ongoing science-fiction series, which I am sharing with the very few of you who bother to read my tripe. I continue to think that Theology is a HUGE part of Politics -- regardless of any problems with texts, history, personalities, ethics, whoever, and whatever. It's still important. My Goal is a New Reformation of the City-States, which retains the best and discards the worst. Once again, I do not wish to start from scratch, or to reinvent the wheel. God and the way God runs the Universe, is a HUGE part of properly understanding Solar System Governance -- especially regarding whether the United States of the Solar System has more than a snowball's chance in hell of being established, and of surviving for more than a generation. I've been told that 'in 20 years, you'll be working for us' and that, in essence, my bad-side would manifest itself. I don't wish to elaborate. The Mind, Character, Personality, Nature, and Government of God are HUGE ISSUES. We should take off our shoes -- because the ground upon which we are standing is HOLY GROUND. Please listen to this previously posted link, for a very balanced theological conversation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pBjkZ5WzBfc Note especially the material in the second hour.

I keep trying to imagine a peaceful and happy solar system, with highly ethical and competent leadership, and without a lot of negative drama. Solar System Governance should be somewhat boring and uneventful. I envision continuing doing what I'm doing right now, but in a much more sophisticated and refined manner. I'm really not joking when I speak of a 600 square-foot office-apartment, a Cray, and a Fisk! I am joking when I speak of a Personal Sport-Model Bad@$$teroid and Six Goddesses! One more time, the 'God' portion of the hypothetical New Solar System is VERY important. Perhaps Male and Female Human Physicality -- combined with Responsible Freedom -- are a Rebellious-Invention in a Theocratic Hermaphrodite-Reptilian Universe. I don't know that this is the case, and I am VERY, VERY, VERY sorry for any disrespect or irreverence, especially if this hypothesis is completely in error. However, if this theory is even partially correct, it is VERY important to determine how we might bring that which exists in this solar system -- into harmony with the rest of the universe -- or how to conduct business in a manner which does not cause the rest of the universe to seek to exterminate ALL of us. When I say that I feel as if I am in conflict with Myself, Divinity, and Humanity -- I do not imply hostility or hatred -- but rather a fundamental idealistic struggle -- which seeks to overcome all obstacles to the achievement of a Genuinely Heavenly Universe. A New Solar System must be considered in harmony with a Brave New Universe. The way things have been run throughout the universe, for billions and trillions of years, may not change anytime soon, and perhaps for good-reason -- but where does that leave the Human Race, in this little solar system? Was our punishment and extermination decided upon Hundreds of Thousands of Years Ago? "We can change!!" might be irrelevant. "The decision is made"? I would encourage all of you to study the Bible, even if you don't believe a word in it, and even if you don't believe in God (with an upper or lower case 'g'). We need the mental and spiritual discipline and exercise connected with serious Bible-study. I have made some study suggestions below, and I didn't pull them out of an anatomical black-hole. Something is VERY wrong with me, on a physical, mental, and spiritual level, but I still have enough sense to point you in productive areas of research. I feel VERY attacked, and I might not get better anytime soon. However, I don't think I'll get worse anytime soon. I think I'm pretty much stuck in the muck, right where I am. I am not leadership-material in the real-world, but I am a serious force to deal with in the theoretical-world. I mean absolutely no harm, and I completely agree with the Hippocratic Oath "First, Do No Harm". Don't stop thinking about the Idealistic Integration of Theoretical-Theology, Theoretical-Governance, and Science-Fiction. Star Wars, Battlestar Galactica, Stargate SG-1, and "V" are only the beginning. Alex Collier is absolutely right when he says that Hollywood is really "clued-in" regarding all of the esoteric stuff. I simply have a HUGE problem with the regressive-influences in Hollywood. I don't even want to begin to think about how nasty the closed-door meetings get in Hollywood, New-York, Washington, DC, London, and Rome. Some of you know EXACTLY what I'm talking about. The horror.

**************************************************GOD**************************************************

*************THE KING AND QUEEN OF THE UNITED STATES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM*************

THE UNITED STATES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM****THE SOLAR SYSTEM COUNCIL OF CHURCHES
*******U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights*******************1928 Book of Common Prayer*******
*************The Federalist Papers********************************The Desire of Ages*************
************J.S. Bach and G.F. Handel**************************J.S. Bach and G.F. Handel**********
**************Cathedral Context************************************Cathedral Context**************

When there are no organizational constraints, we the people are often quite fickle, and we sometimes swing from one extreme to another. I have been attempting an integration of the orthodox and the unorthodox -- as an orthodoxymoron -- for better or for worse. I have recently been taking a bit of a closer look at the City-States, which includes the Vatican -- in light of a lot of the new (for a lot of us) and controversial information. I like the concepts of Evolutionary Change and Minimalist Traditionalism, as sort of a mysterious blend. Try focusing on the following:

1. The Psalms in the King James Version of the Holy Bible.
2. The Gospel According to Matthew in the KJV.
3. The Epistle to the Hebrews in the KJV.
4. The 1928 'Book of Common Prayer'.
5. 'The Desire of Ages' by E.G. White.
6. 'Jesus: Last of the Pharaohs' by Ralph Ellis.
7. 'The Federalist Papers'.
8. 'Believe in the God Who Believes in You' by Robert H. Schuller.
9. 'The Jesuits' by Malachi Martin.
10. The Music of G.F. Handel.
11. The Music of J.S. Bach.
12. Physical Exercise in Nature.

Try all of the above for an extended period of time, and then see what you think regarding Theological and Liturgical Reform. This is merely one physical, mental, and spiritual treadmill among dozens of others. However, there is a coherent rationale to this formula, which you may or may not wish to experience. After all, this is all about what YOU think, and not about what I think. I will not force my views on anyone or be a pain in the hindquarters. Take a look at the cover article on the 'King James Bible' in the December 2011 issue of 'National Geographic'. I encourage reverent yet honest theological research, which is neither blind-conservatism or brash-liberalism. I encourage the highest achievements of ethical spirituality and practical living. Many like the Latin Mass, but many like the Novus Ordo Mass. I wonder what type of religious service the Anglican and Catholic Cathedral Organists and Choirmasters would desire? They might be the people to talk to. Is 'Evangelical Anglo-Catholic' a useful term? Might a 1928 'Book of Common Prayer' in parallel columns of Latin and English facilitate such a hypothetical phenomenon? Has anyone considered the Latin Mass in the context of Ancient Egypt? I hope you all appreciate how difficult and dangerous all of this is. We live in times which are way too interesting. How do we properly define 'God'? What if the following Stargate 'Continuum' scene approximates 'God' in this solar system? Would this necessarily be a bad thing, if the beings in the spaceship were actually highly-ethical, supremely-compassionate, and hyper-competent, rather than being the sinister and ruthless god, goddess, and system lords they were in Stargate 'Continuum'? What if the beings were various types of reptilians? What if God ISN'T One of Us? What would Joan Osborne say? I guess I'll continue to try to make my peace with a non-corrupt and somewhat-sane version of the 'way things are'. I keep thinking about my example, in a previous post, regarding 100 gods and goddesses meeting in San Chapelle de Paris. What if they really met within these sacred walls, and what if they were debating my New Solar System aka the United States of the Solar System? There is something about having a select group conducting a discussion on a very high level, that I frankly find seductively attractive, yet it also scares me, especially if the gods and goddesses were more demonic than angelic. What if this sort of arrangement were instituted instead of the hypothetical United States of the Solar System? What are some other alternatives? The silence is deafening. Consider this video, one more time. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZfaNNQpba0

Consider the following videos, one more time. Turn the volume down 50% on the second one. Watch the first 20 seconds of the first one, and then switch to the second one and start it, while leaving the first one running. Warning. The effect is overwhelming. At least it is for me. It leaves me in tears every time I watch it, and I can't stop watching it. I've been thinking about the second video, on a daily-basis, for many months.

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5U6TOo7NzkQ&feature=channel_video_title
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5oFYAmHKLTg&feature=related

I wish to help you -- but few seem to wish to help me. I keep seeking conversation -- and I keep talking to myself. If you decide to study this thread, please study it as a whole. Don't just do a hatchet-job on bits and pieces of this thread, or say that I'm insane. That would be lame, wouldn't you say? I think I'm going to take a closer look at the parallels between the Church of England and the Monarchy -- compared with the Episcopal Church and the Presidency -- just for kicks!! I'm in political and religious limbo -- and I don't have a research-team or a think-tank feeding me talking-points. Besides, I'm not running for anything. In fact, I feel as if I might be running from something. What is the foundation of Universal Civilization? Freedom? Obedience? Responsibility? Absolute-Obedience in Harmony with Responsible-Freedom? Consider the following:

1. Original and Unpardonable Sin.
2. Ritual Human Sacrifice and Cannibalism.
3. The Substitutionary Atonement and Righteousness by Ritual.
4. The Concept of 'Salvation' Relative to the Survival and Condition of the Soul.
5. Male and Female Human-Physicality and Responsible-Freedom.
6. Hermaphrodite Reptilian-Physicality and Absolute-Obedience?
7. Perpetual Punishment of Humanity by Divinity?
8. Perpetual Payment by Humanity to Divinity?
9. Earth-Humanity in a Reptilian-Universe?
10. The Orion-Sirius-Egyptian-Roman Empire?
11. The Osiris-Isis-Horus-Set Reincarnating Royal Family?
12. How Shall We Be Governed?
13. How Shall We Then Live?
14. Who is God?
15. Where is God?
16. What is the Nature of God?
17. Do We Live in an Ethical and Peaceful Universe?
18. Why Are Things So Chaotic and Violent on Earth?
19. Why Are There So Many Creepy Secrets?
20. Is Humanity on the Brink of Extinction?
21. Does the Existence of Humanity Threaten the Stability of the Universe?
22. What is REALLY the 'Biggest Secret'?
23. Would Complete 'Disclosure' of 'Everything' be a 'Good-Thing' or might it be the 'Beginning of the End'?
24. Game-Playing and Sexual-Experimentation.
25. Artistic-Creativity and Artistic-License.
26. Imagination and Invention.
27. Theology and Mythology.
28. Fact and Fiction.
29. Ethical-Deception and White-Lies.
30. Situation-Ethics and Absolute-Truth.
31. The Quest for the Historical-Horus and the Mythical-Messiah.
32. The Games Gods and Goddesses Play with the Kardashians, and with Righteous-Shapeshifting Nazi-Mason-Jesuit Alphabet-Agents.

Don't look now, but your Cray is on fire, and smoke is pouring out of your ears! We're in a flat-spin, and we're going down fast! Whoop! Whoop! Pull-Up! Slam on the Air-Brakes! Jesus wants to go to Venus! Is it because 'The New York Times' said 'God is Dead'? But the 'Dead Know Not Anything' -- and neither do most of the living. Shave and a Haircut: Six-Pence and None the Richer. What Would Machiavelli and the Prince of Sirius Say? World Without End. Amen Ra.

Siriusly, people in the 'know' have known a lot of damning things about a lot of things and people for a very long time -- but a censoring power rules above them which wishes to keep sweeping everything under the rug. I discovered this and that about this and that -- but I simply had to move on -- rather than involving myself in pointless trench-warfare with the BTB (Bastards That Be). I still wonder what sort of Galactic Arrangement this Solar System and the Human Race exist under??!! I suspect that it's NOT a nice one. Attempted reforms might be pointless. Resistance might really be futile. This is the major reason I keep harping on Solar System Governance -- like a broken CD. This is the thread that never ends. It just goes on and on, my friends. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_47KVJV8DU "End the Thread! End the Thread! End the Thread!"

I recently joked about the Solar System being ruled from Pluto -- by a bunch of Plutocrats!! But seriously, it might be fun to think about a United States of the Solar System Plutocracy! Consider the United States of the Solar System as being completely human (or mostly human) -- and Nibiru basically being an Ellis Island of the Galaxy for Freedom-Seeking Reptilians and Greys -- in a Circular Orbit, Safely Beyond the Orbit of Pluto! I'm assuming that this Solar System is a Human Island in a Reptilian Universe (for modeling purposes). I'm having a very difficult time transitioning from my stupid and useless real world life -- to my exciting and important out of this world imaginary life. I'm not sure if I actually crave this sort of life -- or if my insecurity DRIVES me to think about this sort of thing. I suspect that current Solar System Governance is an absolute nightmare -- especially if one really had clear vision and compassion. The view from the top might REALLY suck. I keep imagining myself being on the Moon -- looking at Earth -- and weeping and weeping and weeping. I kid you not. As you well know, my conceptual modeling is quite strange and somewhat insane -- and I'm REALLY pulling my punches and restraining myself. I really am. I'm also probably completely discrediting myself, and possibly ruining whatever future I might've had. This whole thing seems like a complete loss and a complete waste of time -- yet I keep on keeping on -- but WHY? It takes all kinds -- but WHY? The show must go on -- but WHY?

Artist's Conception of the new United States of the Solar System Headquarters aka The Messiah Complex.

I frankly don't care whether there were planes, holograms, cruise-missiles, ufo's, etc. The fact is that three skyscrapers were leveled and 3,000 people died -- plus we got two stupid wars, and draconian security measures, with the deal. But really, wouldn't one real plane into one tower -- with no controlled-demolition -- have been sufficient to enact all of the bullshit we got stuck with??? 9/11 seems to have been a case-study in blundering-complexity. The sophistication was amazing -- but there were so many HUGE holes and shortcomings in the plan. It turned out to be a 'Disneyland for Conspiracy-Theorists'. One more thing -- I was told that 'God was trying to get our attention'. I think I'm going to re-read '102 Minutes'. It's a helluva good book -- in a bad-way. I guess there's a movie too -- but my computer won't let me watch it. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/102_Minutes_That_Changed_America#References I guess I'll have to get the DVD. http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss_2?url=search-alias%3Daps&field-keywords=102+minutes

I am contemplating a 'United States of the Solar System' -- with or without aliens -- and with or without God. I often wonder if a lot of the mythologies, theologies, philosophies, etc. -- are merely sugar-coated versions of much more complex and troubling realities. Once again, this thread is intended as 'practice' for the 'real-deal' or the 'main-event'. This is only the beginning. BTW -- watch that final scene in the 'V' episode 'It's Only the Beginning' over and over again -- and think and think and think. I am attempting to consider all of the possibilities relative to 'Solar System Governance' -- which is really somewhat of a 'Grey-Area'. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_aliens

Grey aliens (or "Greys") are extraterrestrial beings whose existence is promoted in ufological, paranormal, and New Age communities, named for their skin color.

Paranormal claims involving Greys vary in every respect including their nature (ETs, extradimensionals, demons, or machines), origins, moral dispositions, intentions, and physical appearances (even varying in their eponymous skin color). A composite description derived from overlap in claims would have Greys as small-bodied sexless beings with smooth grey skin, enlarged head and large black eyes. The origin of the idea of the Grey is commonly associated with the Betty and Barney Hill abduction claim, although skeptics see precursors in science fiction and earlier paranormal claims.

Greys are typically depicted as gray-skinned diminutive humanoid beings that possess reduced forms of, or completely lack, external human organs such as noses, ears or sex organs.[1] Their bodies are usually depicted as being elongated, having a small chest, and lacking in muscular definition and visible skeletal structure. Their legs are shorter and jointed differently from what one would expect in a human. Their limbs are often depicted as proportionally different from a human's; their humerus and thighs are the same lengths as their forearms and shins, respectively.[1]

Greys are depicted as having unusually large heads in proportion to their bodies. They are depicted as having no hair anywhere on the body, including the face, and no noticeable outer ears or noses, but only small openings or orifices for ears and nostrils. They are depicted as having very small mouths, and very large opaque black eyes with no discernible iris or pupil. Sometimes Greys are alternately depicted as having no noticeable nostrils or mouths.

Among reports of supposed alien encounters, Greys make up approximately 50 percent in Australia, 43 percent in the United States, 90 percent in Canada, 67 percent in Brazil, 20 percent in Continental Europe, and around 12 percent in the United Kingdom.[3]

The science fiction writer H. G. Wells, in the article "Man of the Year Million" in 1893, describes humanity transformed into a race of grey-skinned beings, stunted and with big heads. In his 1901 book The First Men in the Moon, Selenites, or natives of the Moon, are described as having grey skin, big heads, large black eyes and wasp stings. He also briefly describes aliens resembling Greys brought down to Earth as food by the antagonists of his more popular novel The War of the Worlds.

In 1933, the Swedish novelist Gustav Sandgren, using the pen name Gabriel Linde, published a science fiction novel called Den okända faran (The Unknown Danger), where he describes a race of extraterrestrials: "[...] the creatures did not resemble any race of humans. They were short, shorter than the average Japanese, and their heads were big and bald, with strong, square foreheads, and very small noses and mouths, and weak chins. What was most extraordinary about them were the eyes – large, dark, gleaming, with a sharp gaze. They wore clothes made of soft grey fabric, and their limbs seemed to be similar to those of humans." The novel was aimed at young readers, and it included illustrations of the aliens.

In 1965, newspaper reports of the Betty and Barney Hill abduction brought Greys to international attention. The alleged abductees, Betty and Barney Hill, claimed to have been abducted by alien beings and taken to a saucer-shaped spaceship in 1961. The term "Greys" did not come into usage until many years later, but the alleged beings described by Betty and Barney Hill generally fit many of the common traits of what we now call Greys. From a star chart reported by Betty Hill, Marjorie Fish, an elementary school teacher and amateur astronomer, concluded that the home planet of these beings was located in the Zeta Reticuli star system (their home planet is alleged to be the fourth planet of the second star of Reticulum). The Greys are therefore sometimes known as Zeta Reticulans.

During the early 1980s Greys were linked in popular culture to the alleged crash landing of a flying saucer in Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947, by a number of publications which contained statements from individuals who claimed to have seen the U.S. military handling a number of unusually proportioned, bald, child-sized beings. These individuals claimed that the beings had over-sized heads and slanted eyes—but scant other facial features—during and after the incident.[4]

In 1987, popular novelist Whitley Strieber published the book Communion, in which he describes a number of close encounters he purports to have experienced with Greys and other extraterrestrial beings. The book became a New York Times bestseller, and a film adaption starring Christopher Walken was released in 1989.

During the 1990s, popular culture began to increasingly link Greys to a number of military-industrial complex/New World Order conspiracy theories.[5]

A well-known example of this was the FOX television series The X-Files, which first aired in 1993. It combined the quest to find proof of the existence of Grey-like extraterrestrials with a number of UFO conspiracy theory subplots, in order to form its primary story arc. Other notable examples include Dark Skies, first broadcast in 1996, which expanded upon the MJ-12 conspiracy, and Stargate SG-1, which in the 1998 episode "Thor's Chariot" introduced the Asgard, a race of beneficent Greys who visited ancient Earth masquerading as characters from Norse Mythology.

In 1995, filmmaker Ray Santilli claimed to have obtained 22 reels of 16 mm film that depicted the autopsy of a "real" Grey that was said to have been recovered from the site of the 1947 incident in Roswell, New Mexico.[6][7] However, in 2006 Santilli announced that the film was not original, but was instead a "reconstruction" created after the original film was found to have degraded. He maintained that a real Grey had been found and autopsied on camera in 1947, and that the footage released to the public contained a percentage of that original footage, but he was unable to say what that percentage was. This incident became the subject of the British comedy film Alien Autopsy, starring television presenters Ant & Dec.[8][9]

Greys, referred to as 'visitors', also appear in South Park as important characters in the first and the hundredth episode, as well as many cameos throughout the series, mostly in the backgrounds of scenes. The comedy film Scary Movie 3 also includes Greys as the main extraterrestrials. They are also frequently depicted on the TV series Robot Chicken.

Roger Smith, a regular character on the animated comedy series American Dad! since its debut in 2005, is a Grey-like alien.

Paul, from the 2011 film Paul, is a Grey, and attributes their frequent presence in science-fiction pop culture to his secretive influence while being held captive by the US government.

The design of the creatures of the Silence was partially based on Greys.[10]

Greys are commonly included in alien abduction claims and are a focus of ufology, with attributes that may differ from those described above. These claims include two distinct groups of Greys that differ in height.[1] Abductees say that they recognize the leader of their abductors by its "demeanor."[1] Some ufologists and abduction researchers believe that taller Greys, with their reported increased authority and apparently more complex psychology, may be the only Grey type to be biologically alive and that the shorter form could be their artificially constructed robot or cyborg servants.[1]

Some alien abduction reports have depicted variant skin colors such as blue-grey, green-grey, or purple-grey and sometimes not grey at all. The skin is typically described as being extremely smooth, almost as if made of an artificial material like rubber or plastic.[1]

Abduction claims are often described as extremely traumatic, similar to an abduction by humans or even a sexual assault in the level of trauma and distress. (Research has shown that emotional impact of perceived abduction can be as great as or even greater than that of combat, sexual abuse, and other traumatic events.)[11]

The eyes are often a focus of abduction claims. They are said to not move or focus in any observable way from the naked eye. Claims often describe a Grey staring into the eyes of an abductee when conducting mental procedures.[1] This staring is claimed to induce hallucinogenic states or directly provoke different emotions.[12] Although abduction claimants often say that the Grey was only inches from their face during the staring mindscan procedure, they often do not subsequently claim feeling breath or seeing the Grey's chest move from breathing.[1]

Neurologist Dr. Steven Novella argues that the idea is a byproduct of the human imagination, with the Greys' most distinctive features representing everything that modern humans traditionally link with intelligence. "The aliens, however, do not just appear as humans, they appear like humans with those traits we psychologically associate with intelligence."[13]

In 2005, Frederick V. Malmstrom, writing in Skeptic magazine, vol. 11 issue 4, presents his hypothesis that Greys are actually residual memories of early childhood development. Malmstrom reconstructs the face of a Grey through transformation of a mother's face based on our best understanding of early childhood sensation and perception. Malmstrom's study offers a possible alternative to the existence of Greys, the intense instinctive response many people experience when presented an image of a Grey, and the ease of regression hypnosis and recovered memory therapy in "recovering" memories of alien abduction experiences, along with their common themes.[14]

According to English reproductive biologist Jack Cohen, the typical image of a Grey, given that it would have evolved on a world with different environmental and ecological conditions from Earth, is too physiologically similar to a human to be credible as a representation of an alien. Their physical structure has been sometimes viewed as supporting the Panspermia theory of origins, although the "parallel evolution" required is not scientifically plausible. The "parallel evolution" concept is utilized as a plot device by Star Trek writers Gene Roddenberry and Gene Coon and referred to as "Hodgkins Law of Parallel Planet Development". However, even this fictional theory does not explain such remarkable Grey-human similarities as the facial geometry, the apparent sternal-xiphoidal process, the evident pectoral-trapezial architecture, and the number of toes per foot.[15]

One theory that could explain such seemingly impossible coincidences is the idea that extraterrestrial beings had some influence on the evolution of life on Earth in the distant past, specifically that extraterrestrials were directly involved in the evolution of primates, including humans. This was supposedly done by genetic engineering, cross-breeding, or a combination of both. This idea may have first gained widespread exposure with the 1968 publication of Chariots of the Gods? by Erich von Däniken and has since been the source of much controversy, inspiring numerous other books with various related theories.

Proponents of this theory of alien genetic/evolutionary intervention on Earth argue that if the Greys (or similar beings) were performing genetic manipulations and/or experiments with pre-human life forms on Earth, then it would be logical, and perhaps almost expected, that these alleged aliens may have attempted to influence the evolution of life forms here in a direction consistent with their own genetic makeup, and similar to their own physiology and general physical structure, since genetically that is what they would presumably be most familiar with.

Since there is no evidence of what types of life or physiology might evolve on other habitable planets, no way to accurately gauge the likelihood or unlikelihood of coincidences in evolution on two separate planets, and no conclusive evidence of any alleged past extraterrestrial genetic manipulation in our own evolution, the debate over the evolutionary feasibility of the Greys (or any other bipedal, humanoid extraterrestrial species) is ultimately nothing more than speculation on both sides.

Some conspiracy theorists believe that Greys represent part of a government-led disinformation or plausible deniability campaign,[16] or that they are a product of government mind control experiments.[17][18] Dr. Steven Greer, founder of the Disclosure Project, head of CSETI, and a prominent UFO conspiracy theorist, claims to have over 400 "government, military, and intelligence community witnesses" that have offered testimony to the existence of aliens and UFOs and/or efforts to cover up their existence and who have stated that they would be willing to defend their claims under oath.[19]

See Also:

Alien autopsy
Abduction phenomenon
Budd Hopkins
Chupacabra
David Michael Jacobs
Demons
Exopolitics
Extraterrestrial life
Extraterrestrial life in popular culture
Fallen angel
Insectoid humanoids
John Edward Mack
List of alleged extraterrestrial beings
Little green men
Men in Black
Nephilim
Nordic aliens
Reptilians

References

1.^ a b c d e f g h Jacobs, David M. "Aliens and Hybrids." In: Pritchard, Andrea & Pritchard, David E. & Mack, John E. & Kasey, Pam & Yapp, Claudia. Alien Discussions: Proceedings of the Abduction Study Conference. Cambridge: North Cambridge Press. Pp. 86-90.
2.^ Hall, Richard. "Are UFO Abductions a Universal or a Culturally Dependant Phenomenon." In: Pritchard, Andrea & Pritchard, David E. & Mack, John E. & Kasey, Pam & Yapp, Claudia. Alien Discussions: Proceedings of the Abduction Study Conference. Cambridge: North Cambridge Press. Pp. 191-193.
3.^ Bryan, C.D.B (1995). Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. ISBN 0-679-42975-1. ISBN B000I1AFBA.
4.^ Berlitz, Charles; Moore William (1980). The Roswell Incident (1st ed.). Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 0-448-21199-8.
5.^ Grey Aliens Bite The Dust
6.^ Wingfield, George (1995). "The "Roswell" Film Footage". Flying Saucer Review 20 (2).
7.^ Alien Autopsy: (Fact or Fiction?) at the Internet Movie Database
8.^ "Eamonn Investigates: Alien Autopsy". British Sky Broadcasting. 2006-04-04.
9.^ Clarke, David; Roberts, Andy (2006-06-01). "Alien Autopsy". Fortean Times (Dennis Publishing Ltd) (210). ISSN 0308-5899.
10.^ Hickman, Clayton (2011). The Brilliant Book 2012. BBC Books. pp. 32. ISBN 1-84990-230-5.
11.^ William J. Cromie (2003-02-20). "Alien abduction claims examined: Signs of trauma found". Harvard Gazette. Retrieved 2010-01-04.
12.^ Jacobs, David M. "Subsequent Procedures." In: Pritchard, Andrea & Pritchard, David E. & Mack, John E. & Kasey, Pam & Yapp, Claudia. Alien Discussions: Proceedings of the Abduction Study Conference. Cambridge: North Cambridge Press. pp. 64-68.
13.^ Novella, Dr. Steven (2000-10). "UFOs: The Psychocultural Hypothesis". The New England Skeptical Society. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
14.^ Malmstrom, Frederick (2005). "Close Encounters of the Facial Kind: Are UFO Alien Faces an Inborn Facial Recognition Template?". Skeptic. The Skeptics Society. Retrieved 2008-09-18.
15.^ Cohen, Jack; Stewart, Ian (2002-02-07). Evolving the Alien (1st ed.). Ebury Press. ISBN 0-09-187927-2.
16.^ Clary, David A (2000). Before and After Roswell. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 0-7388-4106-4.
17.^ Cannon, Martin. The Controllers. ISBN 0-922915-32-6.
18.^ Constantine, Alex (1995). Psychic Dictatorship in the U.S.A.. Feral House. ISBN 0-922915-28-8.
19.^ "The Disclosure Project main page". The Disclosure Project Homepage. Retrieved 2011-04-13.

The following is an example of 'Jesus Studies' -- which has been known to cause 'the faithful' to 'lose their faith'. However, I support both a devotional and a scholarly approach to religion and biblical-studies. Once again, I value 'research' above 'orthodoxy' -- as the orthodoxymoron I am.

"Mark's narrative of the passion had combined Pauline traditions of the kerygma of the Christ and the supper of the Lord. By situating the account of the supper in his story as he did, by linking the supper to the crucifixion at the level of narrative sense, and by portraying Jesus as the savior who presided over his own symbolic enactment of his own forthcoming death, Mark created the myth that eventually was read as script for ritual reenactment in medieval Christianity. The gospel now became the church's myth and ritual text. Mark's climax to the story of Jesus as God's Son surfaced finally in yet another nuance to position the symbol of radical transformation right at the heart of a monumental construction of cosmic vision and social reality.

Two symbols of the death of Christ were displayed within the church, the table and the cross. The cross recalled the gospel account of the crucifixion, the table the story of the last supper. Liturgically, however, the two symbols collapsed in the moment of transformation that happened at the table, the moment that celebrated the climax of Mark's story. When the gospel became a script for reenactment, the priest took the place of Jesus presiding over the supper. It was then that the symbolism of the supper turned the table into an altar and the meal became a sacrifice. The mass was a symbolic reenactment, not only of the supper, but of the crucifixion as well. Thus Mark's fiction of the passion, contrary to his own intentions, provided inadvertently the text for a marvelous ritual system designed to enact in the present those events at the beginning that marked the origination of the church.

The exception taken to this system by the reformers did not destroy the core construct of Christian myth and ritual. It is true that the reformers were restive about the church's sacrificial theologies, its authorities, institutions, and the traditions upon which Christendom was based. They sought to reposition the Christ at the center of another view of the world, a view of the world in its vastness that had awakened the spirit of renaissance. But the image of the Christ was available mainly in the icons and the scriptures of the church, not in the natural orders. The reformers could leave the icons behind, but not the scriptures. When they ventured forth to explore the vistas coming into view, they took the gospel with them." -- 'A Myth of Innocence' pages 363-4 -- by Burton Mack.
I really hesitate to state this, but imagine completely non-sinister versions of Anna ("V"), Adria, or Vala Mal Doran ("Stargate SG-1") speaking the following (in the context of a spaceship)!!! There's a rather serious (Sirius?) reason why I'm suggesting this. Some of you might know why...

""The Lord Jesus the same night in which He was betrayed took bread: and when He had given thanks, He brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is My body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of Me. After the same manner also He took the cup, when He had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in My blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of Me. For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord's death till He come." 1 Cor. 11:23-26.

Christ was standing at the point of transition between two economies and their two great festivals. He, the spotless Lamb of God, was about to present Himself as a sin offering, that He would thus bring to an end the system of types and ceremonies that for four thousand years had pointed to His death. As He ate the Passover with His disciples, He instituted in its place the service that was to be the memorial of His great sacrifice. The national festival of the Jews was to pass away forever. The service which Christ established was to be observed by His followers in all lands and through all ages.

The Passover was ordained as a commemoration of the deliverance of Israel from Egyptian bondage. God had directed that, year by year, as the children should ask the meaning of this ordinance, the history should be repeated. Thus the wonderful deliverance was to be kept fresh in the minds of all. The ordinance of the Lord's Supper was given to commemorate the great deliverance wrought out as the result of the death of Christ. Till He shall come the second time in power and glory, this ordinance is to be celebrated. It is the means by which His great work for us is to be kept fresh in our minds.
At the time of their deliverance from Egypt, the children of Israel ate the Passover supper standing, with their loins girded, and with their staves in their hands, ready for their journey. The manner in which they celebrated this ordinance harmonized with their condition; for they were about to be thrust out of the land of Egypt, and were to begin a painful and difficult journey through the wilderness. But in Christ's time the condition of things had changed. They were not now about to be thrust out of a strange country, but were dwellers in their own land. In harmony with the rest that had been given them, the people then partook of the Passover supper in a reclining position. Couches were placed about the table, and the guests lay upon them, resting upon the left arm, and having the right hand free for use in eating. In this position a guest could lay his head upon the breast of the one who sat next above him. And the feet, being at the outer edge of the couch, could be washed by one passing around the outside of the circle.

Christ is still at the table on which the paschal supper has been spread. The unleavened cakes used at the Passover season are before Him. The Passover wine, untouched by fermentation, is on the table. These emblems Christ employs to represent His own unblemished sacrifice. Nothing corrupted by fermentation, the symbol of sin and death, could represent the "Lamb without blemish and without spot." 1 Peter 1:19.

"And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is My body. And He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is My blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in My Father's kingdom."

Judas the betrayer was present at the sacramental service. He received from Jesus the emblems of His broken body and His spilled blood. He heard the words, "This do in remembrance of Me." And sitting there in the very presence of the Lamb of God, the betrayer brooded upon his own dark purposes, and cherished his sullen, revengeful thoughts.

At the feet washing, Christ had given convincing proof that He understood the character of Judas. "Ye are not all clean" (John 13:11), He said. These words convinced the false disciple that Christ read his secret purpose. Now Christ spoke out more plainly. As they were seated at the table He said, looking upon His disciples, "I speak not of you all: I know whom I have chosen: but that the scripture may be fulfilled, He that eateth bread with Me hath lifted up his heel against Me."

Even now the disciples did not suspect Judas. But they saw that Christ appeared greatly troubled. A cloud settled over them all, a premonition of some dreadful calamity, the nature of which they did not understand. As they ate in silence, Jesus said, "Verily I say unto you, that one of you shall betray Me." At these words amazement and consternation seized them. They could not comprehend how any one of them could deal treacherously with their divine Teacher. For what cause could they betray Him? and to whom? Whose heart could give birth to such a design? Surely not one of the favored twelve, who had been privileged above all others to hear His teachings, who had shared His wonderful love, and for whom He had shown such great regard by bringing them into close communion with Himself!

As they realized the import of His words, and remembered how true His sayings were, fear and self-distrust seized them. They began to search their own hearts to see if one thought against their Master were harbored there. With the most painful emotion, one after another inquired, "Lord, is it I?" But Judas sat silent. John in deep distress at last inquired, "Lord, who is it?" And Jesus answered, "He that dippeth his hand with Me in the dish, the same shall betray Me. The Son of man goeth as it is written of Him: but woe unto that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! it had been good for that man if he had not been born." The disciples had searched one another's faces closely as they asked, "Lord, is it I?" And now the silence of Judas drew all eyes to him. Amid the confusion of questions and expressions of astonishment, Judas had not heard the words of Jesus in answer to John's question. But now, to escape the scrutiny of the disciples, he asked as they had done, "Master, is it I?" Jesus solemnly replied, "Thou hast said."

In surprise and confusion at the exposure of his purpose, Judas rose hastily to leave the room. "Then said Jesus unto him, That thou doest, do quickly. . . . He then having received the sop went immediately out: and it was night." Night it was to the traitor as he turned away from Christ into the outer darkness.

Until this step was taken, Judas had not passed beyond the possibility of repentance. But when he left the presence of his Lord and his fellow disciples, the final decision had been made. He had passed the boundary line. Wonderful had been the long-suffering of Jesus in His dealing with this tempted soul. Nothing that could be done to save Judas had been left undone. After he had twice covenanted to betray his Lord, Jesus still gave him opportunity for repentance. By reading the secret purpose of the traitor's heart, Christ gave to Judas the final, convincing evidence of His divinity. This was to the false disciple the last call to repentance. No appeal that the divine-human heart of Christ could make had been spared. The waves of mercy, beaten back by stubborn pride, returned in a stronger tide of subduing love. But although surprised and alarmed at the discovery of his guilt, Judas became only the more determined. From the sacramental supper he went out to complete the work of betrayal.

In pronouncing the woe upon Judas, Christ also had a purpose of mercy toward His disciples. He thus gave them the crowning evidence of His Messiahship. "I tell you before it come," He said, "that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that I AM." Had Jesus remained silent, in apparent ignorance of what was to come upon Him, the disciples might have thought that their Master had not divine foresight, and had been surprised and betrayed into the hands of the murderous mob. A year before, Jesus had told the disciples that He had chosen twelve, and that one was a devil. Now His words to Judas, showing that his treachery was fully known to his Master, would strengthen the faith of Christ's true followers during His humiliation. And when Judas should have come to his dreadful end, they would remember the woe that Jesus had pronounced upon the betrayer.

And the Saviour had still another purpose. He had not withheld His ministry from him whom He knew to be a traitor. The disciples did not understand His words when He said at the feet washing, "Ye are not all clean," nor yet when at the table He declared, "He that eateth bread with Me hath lifted up his heel against Me." John 13:11, 18. But afterward, when His meaning was made plain, they had something to consider as to the patience and mercy of God toward the most grievously erring.

Though Jesus knew Judas from the beginning, He washed his feet. And the betrayer was privileged to unite with Christ in partaking of the sacrament. A long-suffering Saviour held out every inducement for the sinner to receive Him, to repent, and to be cleansed from the defilement of sin. This example is for us. When we suppose one to be in error and sin, we are not to divorce ourselves from him. By no careless separation are we to leave him a prey to temptation, or drive him upon Satan's battleground. This is not Christ's method. It was because the disciples were erring and faulty that He washed their feet, and all but one of the twelve were thus brought to repentance. Christ's example forbids exclusiveness at the Lord's Supper. It is true that open sin excludes the guilty. This the Holy Spirit plainly teaches. 1 Cor. 5:11. But beyond this none are to pass judgment. God has not left it with men to say who shall present themselves on these occasions. For who can read the heart? Who can distinguish the tares from the wheat? "Let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup." For "whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord." "He that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord's body." 1 Cor. 11:28, 27, 29.

When believers assemble to celebrate the ordinances, there are present messengers unseen by human eyes. There may be a Judas in the company, and if so, messengers from the prince of darkness are there, for they attend all who refuse to be controlled by the Holy Spirit. Heavenly angels also are present. These unseen visitants are present on every such occasion. There may come into the company persons who are not in heart servants of truth and holiness, but who may wish to take part in the service. They should not be forbidden. There are witnesses present who were present when Jesus washed the feet of the disciples and of Judas. More than human eyes beheld the scene.

Christ by the Holy Spirit is there to set the seal to His own ordinance. He is there to convict and soften the heart. Not a look, not a thought of contrition, escapes His notice. For the repentant, brokenhearted one He is waiting. All things are ready for that soul's reception. He who washed the feet of Judas longs to wash every heart from the stain of sin.

None should exclude themselves from the Communion because some who are unworthy may be present. Every disciple is called upon to participate publicly, and thus bear witness that he accepts Christ as a personal Saviour. It is at these, His own appointments, that Christ meets His people, and energizes them by His presence. Hearts and hands that are unworthy may even administer the ordinance, yet Christ is there to minister to His children. All who come with their faith fixed upon Him will be greatly blessed. All who neglect these seasons of divine privilege will suffer loss. Of them it may appropriately be said, "Ye are not all clean."

In partaking with His disciples of the bread and wine, Christ pledged Himself to them as their Redeemer. He committed to them the new covenant, by which all who receive Him become children of God, and joint heirs with Christ. By this covenant every blessing that heaven could bestow for this life and the life to come was theirs. This covenant deed was to be ratified with the blood of Christ. And the administration of the Sacrament was to keep before the disciples the infinite sacrifice made for each of them individually as a part of the great whole of fallen humanity. But the Communion service was not to be a season of sorrowing. This was not its purpose. As the Lord's disciples gather about His table, they are not to remember and lament their shortcomings. They are not to dwell upon their past religious experience, whether that experience has been elevating or depressing. They are not to recall the differences between them and their brethren. The preparatory service has embraced all this. The self-examination, the confession of sin, the reconciling of differences, has all been done. Now they come to meet with Christ. They are not to stand in the shadow of the cross, but in its saving light. They are to open the soul to the bright beams of the Sun of Righteousness. With hearts cleansed by Christ's most precious blood, in full consciousness of His presence, although unseen, they are to hear His words, "Peace I leave with you, My peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you." John 14:27.

Our Lord says, Under conviction of sin, remember that I died for you. When oppressed and persecuted and afflicted for My sake and the gospel's, remember My love, so great that for you I gave My life. When your duties appear stern and severe, and your burdens too heavy to bear, remember that for your sake I endured the cross, despising the shame. When your heart shrinks from the trying ordeal, remember that your Redeemer liveth to make intercession for you.

The Communion service points to Christ's second coming. It was designed to keep this hope vivid in the minds of the disciples. Whenever they met together to commemorate His death, they recounted how "He took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is My blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in My Father's kingdom." In their tribulation they found comfort in the hope of their Lord's return. Unspeakably precious to them was the thought, "As often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show the Lord's death till He come." 1 Cor. 11:26.

These are the things we are never to forget. The love of Jesus, with its constraining power, is to be kept fresh in our memory. Christ has instituted this service that it may speak to our senses of the love of God that has been expressed in our behalf. There can be no union between our souls and God except through Christ. The union and love between brother and brother must be cemented and rendered eternal by the love of Jesus. And nothing less than the death of Christ could make His love efficacious for us. It is only because of His death that we can look with joy to His second coming. His sacrifice is the center of our hope. Upon this we must fix our faith.

The ordinances that point to our Lord's humiliation and suffering are regarded too much as a form. They were instituted for a purpose. Our senses need to be quickened to lay hold of the mystery of godliness. It is the privilege of all to comprehend, far more than we do, the expiatory sufferings of Christ. "As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness," even so has the Son of man been lifted up, "that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have eternal life." John 3:14, 15. To the cross of Calvary, bearing a dying Saviour, we must look. Our eternal interests demand that we show faith in Christ.

Our Lord has said, "Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink His blood, ye have no life in you. . . . For My flesh is meat indeed, and My blood is drink indeed." John 6:53-55. This is true of our physical nature. To the death of Christ we owe even this earthly life. The bread we eat is the purchase of His broken body. The water we drink is bought by His spilled blood. Never one, saint or sinner, eats his daily food, but he is nourished by the body and the blood of Christ. The cross of Calvary is stamped on every loaf. It is reflected in every water spring. All this Christ has taught in appointing the emblems of His great sacrifice. The light shining from that Communion service in the upper chamber makes sacred the provisions for our daily life. The family board becomes as the table of the Lord, and every meal a sacrament.

And how much more are Christ's words true of our spiritual nature. He declares, "Whoso eateth My flesh, and drinketh My blood, hath eternal life." It is by receiving the life for us poured out on Calvary's cross, that we can live the life of holiness. And this life we receive by receiving His word, by doing those things which He has commanded. Thus we become one with Him. "He that eateth My flesh," He says, "and drinketh My blood, dwelleth in Me, and I in him. As the living Father hath sent Me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth Me, even he shall live by Me." John 6:54, 56, 57. To the holy Communion this scripture in a special sense applies. As faith contemplates our Lord's great sacrifice, the soul assimilates the spiritual life of Christ. That soul will receive spiritual strength from every Communion. The service forms a living connection by which the believer is bound up with Christ, and thus bound up with the Father. In a special sense it forms a connection between dependent human beings and God. As we receive the bread and wine symbolizing Christ's broken body and spilled blood, we in imagination join in the scene of Communion in the upper chamber. We seem to be passing through the garden consecrated by the agony of Him who bore the sins of the world. We witness the struggle by which our reconciliation with God was obtained. Christ is set forth crucified among us.

Looking upon the crucified Redeemer, we more fully comprehend the magnitude and meaning of the sacrifice made by the Majesty of heaven. The plan of salvation is glorified before us, and the thought of Calvary awakens living and sacred emotions in our hearts. Praise to God and the Lamb will be in our hearts and on our lips; for pride and self-worship cannot flourish in the soul that keeps fresh in memory the scenes of Calvary.

He who beholds the Saviour's matchless love will be elevated in thought, purified in heart, transformed in character. He will go forth to be a light to the world, to reflect in some degree this mysterious love. The more we contemplate the cross of Christ, the more fully shall we adopt the language of the apostle when he said, "God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom the world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world." Gal. 6:14." -- "In Remembrance of Me" from 'The Desire of Ages' by Ellen White [This chapter (72) is based on Matt. 26:20-29; Mark 14:17-25; Luke 22:14-23; John 13:18-30.]

Here is yet another exciting episode of 'Sherry Shriner'. http://www.blogtalkradio.com/sherrytalkradio/2012/05/24/aliens-in-the-news As you know, this thread is very eclectic, and sometimes contradictory. Again, I am attempting to create a Political and Theological Science-Fictional Experience for those of you who are diligent and brave enough to go the extra-mile with me on this thread. You really must experience it as a whole, rather than as a truncated cone. Do any of you know how to determine the volume of a truncated cone?? What Would Reimann Say??

I have huge problems with killing. Period. I know that animals kill animals -- and that there is suffering in nature -- without the 'help' of humans -- but I think killing is just wrong. I have problems with Old Testament Killing. I have problems with the Book of Revelation Killing. I have problems with ALL of the wars throughout history (even if I were involved in, or responsible for, some of them on a reincarnational basis). I don't know about Original Sin or the Alien Presence -- but I think that killing should STOP -- unless I am presented with overwhelming evidence to the contrary. I really do not relish millions of years of Star Wars with any race or races. I favor Freedom for the Responsible -- and Incarceration for the Irresponsible.

I tend to think that human beings are considered to be 'fallen angels' by other than humans -- and possibly by humans who might live in other parts of the galaxy. We the People of Earth seem to be in a HUGE amount of trouble -- for a variety of reasons -- seemingly going back thousands, or even millions, of years. I am leaning toward a Focus on Responsibility as being the biggest part of the solution -- but this is much easier said than done. I still don't know if Reptilians really exist -- but I am considering the possibility that they do -- and that Humans might be related to Reptilians in some way. I really don't know. I've been reading a lot of Alex Collier's work lately -- and it's fascinating -- even if it's not entirely true. I still worry about the possible extermination or extinction of the human race. That's the theory I am presently modeling. I'm considering a lot of worst-case scenarios -- and it's making me quite sad and miserable. I still don't know a lot about Kali -- but it seems as if one had better not make Kali angry!

Just give me a badge that gets me unlimited-access to the City-States, the United Nations, the Underground-Bases, the Secret Space Program, the Secret Government, and the Darkside of the Moon. I'm easy. The problem is that I probably wouldn't know what the hell to do with what I encountered. Sometimes ignorance really is bliss. It's probably hell to deal with all of the above on an intimate and regular basis. When one 'rises' to the top -- they might not like the view...

I've never felt more upset and troubled than I feel right now. Nothing ever really resolves. The standard answers don't work -- but the alternative answers don't seem to work either. I think I might be on the right track -- but my ideas are largely undeveloped -- and I lack follow-through. Also, I doubt that anyone has really studied this thread in a devotional and scholarly manner. Frankly, I haven't really done that myself! I think I'd like to see some sort of a movie or series containing the best of this thread. I can visualize a helluva lot more than I can express...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Reich Wilhelm Reich (March 24, 1897 – November 3, 1957) was an Austrian-American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, known as one of the most radical figures in the history of psychiatry. He was the author of several notable books, including The Mass Psychology of Fascism and Character Analysis, both published in 1933.[1]

Reich worked with Sigmund Freud in the 1920s and was a respected analyst for much of his life, focusing on character structure rather than on individual neurotic symptoms.[2] He tried to reconcile Marxism and psychoanalysis, arguing that neurosis is rooted in the physical, sexual, economic, and social conditions of the patient, and promoted adolescent sexuality, the availability of contraceptives, abortion, and divorce, and the importance for women of economic independence. His work influenced a generation of intellectuals, including Saul Bellow, William S. Burroughs, Paul Edwards, Norman Mailer, and A. S. Neill, and shaped innovations such as Fritz Perls's Gestalt therapy, Alexander Lowen's bioenergetic analysis, and Arthur Janov's primal therapy.[3]

Later in life he became a controversial figure who was both adored and condemned. He began to violate some of the key taboos of psychoanalysis, developing body psychotherapy, using touch during sessions, and treating patients in their underwear to improve their "orgastic potency." He said he had discovered a primordial cosmic energy, which he said others called "God" and that he called "orgone." He built orgone energy accumulators that his patients sat inside to harness the reputed health benefits, leading to newspaper stories about sex boxes that cured cancer.[4]

Reich was living in Germany when Adolf Hitler came to power in January 1933. On March 2 that year the Nazi newspaper,Völkischer Beobachter, published an attack on one of Reich's pamphlets, The Sexual Struggle of Youth.[5] He left immediately for Vienna, then Scandinavia, moving to the United States in 1939. In 1947, following a series of articles about orgone in The New Republic and Harper's, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) obtained an injunction against the interstate sale of orgone accumulators.[6] Charged with contempt for violating it, Reich conducted his own defense, which involved asking the judge to read his books and arguing that a court was no place to decide matters of science. He was sentenced to two years in prison, and in August 1956 several tons of his publications were burned by the FDA, one of the most notable examples of censorship in the history of the United States.[2] He died in jail of heart failure just over a year later, days before he was due to apply for parole.[7]

Reich was born the first of two sons to Leon Reich, a prosperous farmer, and Cecilia Roniger, in Dobrzanica, a village in Galicia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. His father was by all accounts strict, cold, and jealous. He was Jewish, but Reich was later at pains to point out that his father had moved away from Judaism and had not raised his children as Jews; Reich wasn't even allowed to play with Yiddish-speaking children.[8] As an adult, Reich corrected anyone who referred to him as a Jew. His biographer, Myron Sharaf, writes that this was in part because of his rejection of what he called "Jewish chauvinism," in part because he disliked being forced into any position he had not chosen for himself, and in part because he never wanted to be an outsider.[9]

Shortly after his birth, the family moved south to a farm in Jujinetz, near Chernivtsi, Bukovina, where Reich's father took control of a cattle farm owned by his mother's uncle, Josef Blum. Reich attributed his later interest in the study of sex and the biological basis of the emotions to his upbringing on the farm where, as he later put it, the natural life functions were never hidden from him.[10] He also spoke of having witnessed the family maid having intercourse with her boyfriend, and asking her later if he could "play" the part of the lover. He said that, by the time he was four years old, there were no secrets about sex for him;[8] in his early memoirs, Passion of Youth, he writes that he had intercourse for the first time at the age of 11½, though elsewhere said that he was 13.[11]

'I had read somewhere that lovers get rid of any intruder, so with wild fantasies in my brain I slipped back to my bed, my joy of life shattered, torn apart in my inmost being for my whole life!' — Wilhelm Reich.[12]

He was taught at home until he was 12, when his mother committed suicide after she was discovered having an affair with Reich's tutor, who lived with the family. Her death was particularly brutal: she drank a common household cleaner, which left her in great pain for days before she died.[13][14]

Reich wrote in 1920 about how deeply his mother's affair had affected him. Night after night he followed her as she crept to the tutor's bedroom. He stood outside listening, feeling ashamed, angry, and jealous. He wondered if they would kill him if they found out, and briefly thought of forcing her to have sex with him too. Torn between wanting to protect her, but also to tell his father, he later blamed himself for her death, waking in the night overwhelmed by the thought that he had killed her. The tutor was sent away, leaving Reich without a mother or a teacher, and with a powerful sense of guilt.[13]

He was sent to the all-male Czernowitz gymnasium, excelling at Latin, Greek, and the natural sciences. It appears to have been during this period that a skin condition developed that plagued him for the rest of his life. When it began is unclear, but it was diagnosed as psoriasis; Sharaf speculates that it may have been triggered by his mother's suicide. He was given medication that contained arsenic, now known to make psoriasis worse.

His father was devastated by his wife's suicide.[15] In or around 1914, he took out a life insurance policy, then stood for hours in a cold pond, apparently fishing, but in fact intending to commit slow suicide, according to Reich and his brother, Robert.[16] He contracted pneumonia and tuberculosis, and died in 1914. Despite the insurance policy, no money was forthcoming.[16]

Reich managed the farm and continued with his studies, graduating in 1915 mit Stimmeneinhelligkeit (unanimous approval). In the summer of that year, the Russians invaded Bukovina and the Reich brothers fled to Vienna, losing everything. In his Passion of Youth, Reich wrote: "I never saw either my homeland or my possessions again. Of a well-to-do past, nothing was left."

Reich joined the Austro-Hungarian Army after school, serving from 1915–18, for the last two years as a lieutenant. When the war ended in 1918, he entered the medical school at the University of Vienna. As an undergraduate, he was drawn to the work of Sigmund Freud. The men first met in 1919 when Reich visited Freud to obtain literature for a seminar on sexology, Freud making a strong impression on him. He became one of Freud's favorite students.[17] Freud allowed him to start seeing analytic patients in 1920, when Reich was accepted as a guest member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Association, becoming a regular member in October that year at the age of 23.[18] He was allowed to complete his six-year medical degree in four years because he was a war veteran, and received his M.D. in July 1922.[19]

Reich worked in internal medicine at University Hospital, Vienna, and studied neuropsychiatry from 1922-24 at the Neurological and Psychiatric Clinic under Professor Julius Wagner-Jauregg. In 1922, he set up private practice as a psychoanalyst, and became a clinical assistant, and later deputy director of Freud's Psychoanalytic Polyclinic. He joined the faculty of the Psychoanalytic Institute in Vienna in 1924, conducted research into the social causes of neurosis, and became Deputy Director of Training.[17]

It was in Vienna that he met Annie Pink, a medical student who came to him for analysis, and who later became an analyst herself. They married on March 17, 1922, when she was 20 and Reich one week short of 25, with Otto Fenichel as a witness.[20] The marriage produced two daughters, Eva in 1924 and Lore in 1928.[21] They moved to Berlin in 1930, where he set up clinics in working-class areas, taught sex education, and published pamphlets. He joined the Communist Party of Germany, and his book, The Sexual Revolution, was published in Vienna, but he became too outspoken for the communists, and was expelled from the German party in 1933 and a year later from its Danish counterpart. He was also expelled from the International Psychoanalytical Association in 1934 for political militancy.[22]

Reich had several affairs during his marriage, including one with his wife's friend, Lia Lasky, in 1927. He and his wife finally separated in 1933 after he began a serious relationship in May 1932 with Elsa Lindenburg, a choreographer and dance therapist, trained in Laban movement analysis, and a pupil of Elsa Gindler. He and Lindenburg were living in Germany when Hitler became Chancellor in January 1933. On March 2, the Nazi newspaper Völkischer Beobachter published an attack on Reich's Der Sexuale Kampf der Jugend (The Sexual Struggle of Youth).[5] He was derided as a womanizer, a communist, and a Jew who advocated free love. He and Lindenburg left for Vienna the next day. They moved to Scandinavia, first to Denmark where Reich was accused of corrupting Danish youth with German sexology, then to Sweden, and in the Fall of 1934 to Norway.[23]

Reich's home in Drammensveien near Olaf Kyrres plass at Frogner, Oslo. A blue plaque reads: "The physician and psychoanalyst WILHELM REICH (1897-1957) lived and worked here 1935–39. Developed character analysis and the body-oriented therapy."
Reich stayed in Norway for five years, working under the auspices of Professor Schjelderup of the Psychological Institute at the University of Oslo. He first presented the principles of his vegetotherapy in a paper called "Psychic contact and vegetative current" in August 1934 at the 13th International Congress of Psychoanalysis at Lucerne, Switzerland, and went on to develop the technique between 1935 and 1940. Vegetotherapy involves the patient physically simulating the effects of certain emotions in the hope of triggering them. Reich argued that the ability to feel sexual love depended on a physical ability to have sexual intercourse with what he called "orgastic potency." He tried to measure the male orgasm, noting that four distinct phases occurred physiologically: first, the psycho-sexual buildup or tension; second, the tumescence of the penis, with an accompanying electrical charge that Reich measured; third, an electrical discharge at the moment of orgasm; and fourth, the relaxation of the penis. He believed the force that he measured was a distinct type of energy present in all life forms.[24]

He was a prolific writer for psychoanalytic journals in Europe. Originally, psychoanalysis was focused on the treatment of neurotic symptoms. Reich's Character Analysis was a major step in the development of what today is called ego psychology. In Reich's view, a person's entire character, not only individual symptoms, could be looked at and treated as a neurotic phenomenon. The book also introduced his theory of body armoring. Reich argued that unreleased psycho-sexual energy could produce actual physical blocks within muscles and organs, and that these blocks act as a body armor preventing the release of the energy. An orgasm was one way to break through the armor. These ideas developed into a general theory of the importance of a healthy sex life to overall well-being, a theory compatible with Freud's views. His idea was that the orgasm was not simply a device to aid procreation, but was the body's emotional energy regulator. The better the orgasm, the more energy was released, meaning that less was available to create neurotic states. Reich called the ability to release sufficient energy during orgasm "orgastic potency," something that very few individuals could achieve, he argued, because of society's sexual oppression. A man or woman without orgastic potency was in a constant state of tension, developing a body armor to keep it in. The outer rigidity and inner anxiety is the state of neurosis, leading to hate, sadism, greed, fascism and antisemitism.[23]

He agreed with Freud that sexual development was the origin of mental illness. They both believed that most psychological states were dictated by unconscious processes, that infant sexuality develops early but is repressed, and that this repression has important consequences for mental health. At that time a Marxist (see Freudo-Marxism), Reich argued that the source of sexual repression was bourgeois morality and the socio-economic structures that produced it. As sexual repression was the cause of the neuroses, the best cure was an active, guilt-free sex life. He argued that such a liberation could come about only through a morality not imposed by a repressive economic structure.[25] In 1928, he joined the Austrian Communist Party and founded the Socialist Association for Sexual Counseling and Research, which organized counseling centers for workers.

From 1934-39, Reich conducted experiments looking at vegetative energy in the body, especially the Galvanic skin response, which became research into the origins of life. These he called the "Bion Experiments." He examined protozoa, single-celled creatures with nuclei. He grew cultured vesicles using grass, sand, iron, and animal tissue, boiling them, and adding potassium and gelatin. Having heated the materials to incandescence with a heat-torch, he noted bright, glowing, blue vesicles, which, he said, could be cultured, and which gave off an observable radiant energy. He named the vesicles "bions" and believed they were a rudimentary form of life, halfway between life and non-life. When he poured the cooled mixture onto growth media, bacteria were born, he said, dismissing the idea that the bacteria were already present in the air or on other materials.[26]

In 1936, Reich wrote that "[s]ince everything is antithetically arranged, there must be two different types of single-celled organisms: (a) life-destroying organisms or organisms that form through organic decay, (b) life-promoting organisms that form from inorganic material that comes to life."[27] This idea of spontaneous generation led him to believe he had found the cause of cancer. He called the life-destroying organisms "T-bacilli," with the T standing for Tod, German for death. He described in The Cancer Biopathy how he had found them in a culture of rotting cancerous tissue obtained from a local hospital. He wrote that T-bacilli were formed from the disintegration of protein; they were 0.2 to 0.5 micrometer in length, shaped like lancets, and when injected into mice, they caused inflammation and cancer. He concluded that, when orgone energy diminishes in cells through aging or injury, the cells undergo "bionous degeneration," or death. At some point, the deadly T-bacilli start to form in the cells. Death from cancer, he believed, was caused by an overwhelming growth of the T-bacilli.

From 1930 onwards, Reich became more interested in his patients' physical responses during therapy sessions, and toward the late 1930s, he began to treat patients outside the limits of psychoanalysis's restrictions, though well within the scope of general medicine. He began to sit next to his patients, rather than behind them, in order to make stronger 'contact.' He started touching them, to both increase awareness of tension and contraction and to relieve it directly. He would ask his male patients to undress down to their shorts, and sometimes to undress entirely, and his female patients down to their underclothes. He began talking to them, answering their questions, rather than the stock, "Why do you ask?" analyst's response.[28]

From a psychoanalytic point of view, this undermined the position of neutrality. The analyst is meant to be a blank screen onto which the patient projects his old desires, loves, hates, and neurosis—a process known as transference. Reich wrote that the psychoanalytic taboos reinforced the neurotic taboos of the patient. He slowly broke away from them, writing that he wanted his patients to see him as human.[29] He would press hard on their "body armor," his thumb or the palm of his hand pressing on their jaws, necks, chests, backs, or thighs, aiming to dissolve their muscular, and thereby characterological, rigidity.[30] He wanted to see their movements soften, their breathing ease. This dissolution of the "body armor" also brought back the repressed memory of the childhood situation that had caused the repression, he wrote. If the session worked as intended, he wrote that he could see waves of pleasure move through their bodies, a series of spontaneous, involuntary movements. Reich called these the "orgasm reflex." The two goals of Reichian therapy became the attainment of this orgasm reflex during therapy, and orgastic potency during intercourse. Reich called the flow of energy that he said he observed in his patients' bodies, "bio-electricity," and considered calling his therapy "orgasmotherapy," but thought better of it for political reasons.[31]

Scientists in Oslo reacted strongly to his work on bions, deriding it as nonsense. Tidens Tegn, a leading liberal newspaper, launched a campaign against him in 1937, supported by scientists and other newspapers.[23] Between September 1937 and the fall of 1938, over 100 articles denouncing him appeared in the main Oslo newspapers.[32]

In 1937, Leiv Kreyberg, the country's top cancer specialist, was allowed to examine one of Reich's bion preparations under the microscope. Kreyberg wrote that the broth Reich had used as his culture medium was indeed sterile, but that the bacteria were ordinary staphylococci. He concluded that Reich's control measures to prevent infection from airborne bacteria were not as foolproof as Reich believed. Kreyberg accused Reich of being ignorant of basic bacteriological and anatomical facts, while Reich accused Kreyberg of having failed to recognize living cancer cells under magnification. Thus, Sharaf writes, an opportunity for scientific exchange degenerated into name-calling.[26]

Reich sent a sample of the bacteria to another Norwegian biologist, Professor Thjötta of the Oslo Bacteriological Institute, who also said they resulted from air infection. Kreyberg and Thjötta had their views published in Aftenposten on April 19 and 21, 1938, Kreyberg referring to him as "Mr. Reich," alleging that Reich knew less about bacteria and anatomy than a first-year medical student. When Reich requested a detailed control study, Kreyberg responded that his work did not merit it.[26]

Reich's The Bion Experiments on the Origin of Life was published in 1938, leading to attacks by the scientific and lay press that he was a "Jew pornographer," who was daring to meddle with the origins of life. Alan Cantwell writes that Reich's detractors focused on one paragraph in which Reich wrote that his research had "proved particularly fruitful for an understanding of cancer," which led to the claim that he was promoting a quack cancer cure.[24]

By February 1938, his visa had expired. Several Norwegian scientists argued against an extension, Kreyberg saying, "If it is a question of handing Dr. Reich over to the Gestapo, then I will fight that, but if one could get rid of him in a decent manner, that would be the best." The writer Sigurd Hoel wondered when it had become a crime to perform amateurish biological experiments. "When did it become a reason for deportation that one looked in a microscope when one was not a trained biologist?" Reich received influential support from overseas, first from Bronisław Malinowski, who wrote to the Norwegian press in March 1938 that Reich's sociological work was a "distinct and valuable contribution to science," and from A.S. Neill, founder of Summerhill in England, a progressive school known throughout the world. Neill also wrote to the Norwegian press, arguing that "the campaign against Reich seems largely ignorant and uncivilized, more like fascism than democracy ..." Norway was proud of its intellectual tolerance, so the "Reich affair" put the government on the spot. A compromise was therefore found. Reich was given his visa, but a royal decree was issued stipulating that anyone wanting to practice psychoanalysis needed a licence, and it was widely understood that Reich would not be given one. Throughout the affair, Reich issued just one public statement, when he asked for a commission to replicate his bion experiments. Sharaf writes that the scientific opposition to his work affected his personality and relationships. He was angered and humiliated by the notoriety he had inadvertently achieved. His self-confidence undermined, he felt like a marked man, hunted and tormented, no longer comfortable in public, and seething with bitterness against the researchers who had denounced him.[32]

Sharaf writes that, at a personal level, 1934–1937 was the happiest period of Reich's life. His relationship with Elsa Lindenberg was good and he considered marrying her. When she became pregnant in 1935, they were initially overjoyed, buying clothes and furniture for the child, but doubts developed for Reich, who felt the future was too unsettled. Sharaf writes that, to Elsa's great distress, Reich insisted on an abortion, at that time illegal. They went to Berlin, where Edith Jacobson, a psychoanalyst, helped to arrange it.[33]

In 1937, Reich began an affair with a female patient, an actress who was the ex-wife of a colleague. She had entered therapy with the explicit intention of seducing him, which he told her was impossible, but she succeeded. The analysis stopped because of the relationship, then the relationship ended and the analysis began again. She eventually threatened to go to the press, but was persuaded that it would harm her at least as much as him. When a colleague asked him why he had behaved this way, he replied, "A man must do foolish things sometimes."[34] He also had an affair with Gerd Bergersen, a 25-year-old Norwegian textile designer.[35]

During the same period, as the newspaper campaign against him gained pace, he suddenly developed intense jealousy toward Elsa, demanding that she share his work with him, and not have a separate life of any kind. He even physically assaulted a composer she was working with on some choreography. Elsa briefly considered calling the police but decided Reich couldn't afford another scandal. His behavior took its toll on their relationship, and when Reich asked her to accompany him to the U.S., she said no, writing later that it was the hardest "no" she had ever had to say.[36]

In March 1938, Hitler annexed Austria. Reich's ex-wife and daughters had already left Austria for the U.S. Later that year, an American psychiatrist at Columbia Medical School, Theodore P. Wolfe, traveled to Norway to study under Reich. Wolfe offered to help Reich settle in the U.S., and managed to arrange an official invitation from The New School in New York. Wolfe and Walter Briehl, an old student of Reich's, put up several thousand dollars to guarantee Reich's salary. Wolfe also pulled strings with Adolph Berle, an official in the U.S. State Department. He finally received his visa in August 1939, and sailed out of Norway on August 19 on the Stavenger Fjord, the last boat to leave for the States before the war began on September 3.[37]

He began teaching at The New School, where he remained for two years, living first at 75-02 Kessel Street, Forest Hills, Queens, then settling into a two-story brick house at 9906 69th Avenue in the same area. It had a basement that he used for animal experiments, a large room on the first floor that served as an office, dining room, living room, and a place for his seminar students every other week. The dining room became his laboratory. Two bedrooms on the top floor were shared by his maid and his secretary, Gertrud Gaasland, and three rooms on the second floor became Reich's bedroom and therapy rooms.[38]

It was Gertrud Gaasland who introduced him to Ilse Ollendorf, 29 years old at the time. Reich was still in love with Elsa, but Ilse threw herself into organizing Reich's life for him, taking over the secretarial and bookkeeping tasks, learning laboratory techniques, and showing herself willing to mold herself completely to his lifestyle, something Elsa had been unwilling to do. They began living together on Christmas Day 1939, and she began to work for him on January 2, 1940. They had a son, Peter, in 1944, and were married in 1946.[39][40]

Reich's personality changed after the onslaught of the press in Oslo. He became socially isolated, and decided to keep his distance even from old friends and his ex-wife. He told a friend he was going to follow the "remarkable law": be distant, even a little haughty, withhold love, and then people will respect you. His students in the U.S. came to know him as a man that no colleague, no matter how close, called by his first name. He wrote to Elsa in January 1940 breaking off their relationship once and for all, telling her that he was in despair, and that he believed he would end up dying like a dog.[41]

Rumors had been rife since the late 1920s that he was mentally ill in some way, and had even been hospitalized, though Sharaf writes that he had not. He was seen as paranoid, remote, belligerent, and fanatical. Sharaf writes that psychoanalysts have had a tendency to dismiss as ill anyone from within the fold who has digressed, and that never was this done so relentlessly or destructively as with Reich. His work was split into the pre-psychotic "good" Reich, and the post-psychotic "bad," the date of the illness's onset depending on which parts of his work a speaker disliked. Psychoanalysts wanted to see him as sane in the 1920s because of his solid work on character; political radicals regarded him as sane during the 1930s because of his Marxist-oriented psychology research.[42]

Freud had argued that there was a sexual energy called libido, which he initially described as "something which is capable of increase, decrease, displacement and discharge, and which extends itself over the memory traces of an idea like an electric charge over the surface of the body," but by 1925 he had rejected the idea that it was a physical energy.[19] Reich took the idea further, arguing that he had discovered a primordial cosmic energy. He called it "orgone," and the study of it "orgonomy."

Orgone is blue in color, he wrote, omnipresent, can be seen with the naked eye, and is responsible for such things as weather, the color of the sky, gravity, the formation of galaxies, and the biological expressions of emotion and sexuality. He argued that St. Elmo's Fire is a manifestation of it, as is the blue color of sexually excited frogs. Red corpuscles, plant chlorophyll, gonadal cells, protozoa, and cancer cells are all charged with orgone, he said.[23]

He argued that humankind had previously split its knowledge of orgone in two: "ether" for its mechanistic, physical aspects, and "God" for the spiritual, the subjective.[43] He wrote that, "God-Father is the basic cosmic energy from which all being stems, and which streams through (the) body as through anything else in existence."[44]

In 1940, he built boxes called "orgone accumulators" to concentrate atmospheric orgone. Some of the boxes were for lab animals, and some were large enough for a human being to sit inside. Composed of alternating layers of ferrous metals and organic insulators with a high dielectric constant, the accumulators had the appearance of a large, hollow capacitor. Based on experiments with them, he argued that orgone energy was a negatively-entropic force in nature responsible for concentrating and organizing matter. The construction of the boxes caught the attention of the press, leading to wild rumors that they were "sex boxes" that caused uncontrollable erections.[24]

According to Reich's theory, illness was primarily caused by depletion or blockages of the orgone energy within the body. He conducted clinical tests of the orgone accumulator on people suffering from a variety of illnesses. The patient would sit within the accumulator and absorb the "concentrated orgone energy." He built smaller, more portable accumulator-blankets of the same layered construction for application to parts of the body. The effects observed were said to boost the immune system, even to the point of destroying certain types of tumors, though Reich was hesitant to claim this constituted a cure. The orgone accumulator was also tested on mice with cancer, and on plant-growth, the results convincing Reich that the benefits of orgone therapy could not be attributed to a placebo effect.[citation needed] He had, he believed, developed a grand unified theory of physical and mental health, a claim regarded by the psychoanalytic community as quackery.[45]

In December 1944, Reich began the 20th (Roman numeral XX) in his series of bion experiments.[46] He filtered all the earth out of an earth bion preparation so that all that remained was clear yellow water, then buried the test tube outdoors in the frozen ground. When he retrieved it three weeks later and examined it under a microscope, he saw pulsating plasmatic flakes. Since the yellow water had not contained visible particulates before it had been frozen, Reich concluded that free orgone energy had condensed out to form the lifelike flakes. This experiment formed the basis for Reich's later theory that all matter in the universe had derived from orgone energy via cosmic superimposition.[47]

Reich posited a conjugate, life-annulling energy in opposition to orgone, which he dubbed Deadly Orgone Radiation or DOR. He wrote that accumulations of DOR played a role in desertification, and he designed a "cloudbuster" with which he said he could manipulate streams of orgone energy in the atmosphere to induce rain by forcing clouds to form and disperse. It was a set of hollow metal pipes and cables inserted into water, which Reich argued created a stronger orgone energy field than was in the atmosphere, the water drawing the atmospheric orgone through the pipes.[19]

Reich conducted dozens of experiments with the cloudbuster[citation needed], calling the research "Cosmic Orgone Engineering." In 1953, a drought threatened Maine's blueberry crop, and several farmers offered to pay Reich if he could make it rain. The weather bureau had reportedly forecast no rain for several days when Reich began the experiment at 10 a.m. on July 6, 1953. The Bangor Daily News reported on July 24:

Dr. Reich and three assistants set up their "rain-making" device off the shore of Grand Lake, near the Bangor hydro-electric dam ... The device, a set of hollow tubes, suspended over a small cylinder, connected by a cable, conducted a "drawing" operation for about an hour and ten minutes ...

According to a reliable source in Ellsworth the following climactic changes took place in that city on the night of July 6 and the early morning of July 7: "Rain began to fall shortly after ten o'clock Monday evening, first as a drizzle and then by midnight as a gentle, steady rain. Rain continued throughout the night, and a rainfall of 0.24 inches was recorded in Ellsworth the following morning."

A puzzled witness to the "rain-making" process said: "The queerest looking clouds you ever saw began to form soon after they got the thing rolling." And later the same witness said the scientists were able to change the course of the wind by manipulation of the device.[48]

The blueberry crop survived, the farmers declared themselves satisfied, and Reich received his fee.[19]

Reich discussed orgone accumulators with Albert Einstein in 1941. On December 30, 1940, Reich wrote to Albert Einstein saying he had a scientific discovery he wanted to discuss, and on January 13, 1941 went to visit Einstein in Princeton. They talked for five hours, and Einstein agreed to test an orgone accumulator, which Reich had constructed out of a Faraday cage made of galvanized steel and insulated by wood and paper on the outside.[49] Einstein agreed that if, as Reich suggested, an object's temperature could be raised without an apparent heating source, it would be a "bombshell" in physics.[50]

Reich supplied Einstein with a small accumulator during their second meeting, and Einstein performed the experiment in his basement, which involved taking the temperature atop, inside, and near the device. He also stripped the device down to its Faraday cage to compare temperatures. In his attempt to replicate Reich's findings, Einstein observed a rise in temperature,[51] which Reich argued was caused by the orgone energy that had accumulated inside the Faraday cage.[52] However, one of Einstein's assistants pointed out that the temperature was lower on the floor than on the ceiling.[53] Following that remark, Einstein modified the experiment and, as a result, concluded that the effect was simply due to the temperature gradient inside the room.[54] He wrote back to Reich, describing his experiments and expressing the hope that Reich would develop a more skeptical approach.[55]

Reich responded with a 25-page letter to Einstein, expressing concern that "convection from the ceiling" would join "air germs" and "Brownian movement" to explain away new findings.[52] The correspondence between Reich and Einstein was published by Reich's press as The Einstein Affair in 1953, possibly without Einstein's permission.[56]

On December 12, 1941, five days after Pearl Harbor, Reich was arrested at his home at 2 a.m. by the FBI, and taken to Ellis Island, where he was held for over three weeks, because he was an immigrant with a communist background. He was furious, and blamed his first wife, with whom he had a very poor relationship, for having reported him in some way, though there is no evidence that she was involved. His psoriasis erupted, and his doctor persuaded the authorities to transfer him to the hospital ward, where Ilse was allowed to visit him twice a week. Wolfe and a lawyer did their best to find out what the charge was, Wolfe traveling several times to Washington to protest, but it was not until December 26 that a hearing was held, and still it remained unclear why he had been picked up. He was questioned about several books the FBI had found in his home, including Hitler's Mein Kampf, Trotsky's My Life, and a Russian alphabet book for children. Eventually Reich threatened to go on hunger strike, and he was released on January 5, 1942. The FBI released 789 pages of its files on Reich in 2000, which said:

This German immigrant described himself as the Associate Professor of Medical Psychology, Director of the Orgone Institute, President and research physician of the Wilhelm Reich Foundation and discoverer of biological or life energy. A 1940 security investigation was begun to determine the extent of Reich's communist commitments. A board of Alien Enemy Hearing judged that Dr. Reich was not a threat to the security of the U.S.[57]

Using money from his income as a therapist, and contributions from students, Reich purchased an old farm near Dodge Pond, Maine in November 1942. He called the 160 acres (0.65 km²) of fields, forests, and hills "Orgonon". He built a laboratory there in 1945, and in 1948 began construction of the Orgone Energy Observatory, which included another laboratory, a library, and observation decks to study atmospheric orgone.[19]

Until 1947, Reich enjoyed a largely uncritical press in the U.S. His psychotherapy practice was flourishing, his psychoanalytic theories were taught in universities and discussed in the Journal of the American Medical Association and the American Journal of Psychiatry. He was listed in American Men of Science, and The Nation gave his writing positive reviews. Only one science journal, Psychosomatic Medicine, had criticized him, calling his ideas about orgone a "surrealist creation."[23]

His reputation took a sudden downturn in May 1947. On May 26, an article by freelance writer Mildred Edie Brady appeared in The New Republic, entitled "The Strange Case of Wilhelm Reich", with the subhead, "The man who blames both neuroses and cancer on unsatisfactory sexual activities has been repudiated by only one scientific journal."[23] Brady wrote: "Orgone, named after the sexual orgasm, is, according to Reich, a cosmic energy. It is, in fact, the cosmic energy. Reich has not only discovered it; he has seen it, demonstrated it and named a town—Orgonon, Maine—after it. Here he builds accumulators of it, which are rented out to patients, who presumably derive 'orgastic potency' from it."[23] Sharaf writes that the implication was clear: the accumulators gave orgastic potency, the lack of which causes cancer. Therefore, the claim for the accumulators was that they cured cancer. Brady argued that the "growing Reich cult" had to be dealt with.[58]

The regulation and advertising of medical devices is shared and coordinated by the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration. On July 23, Dr. J.J. Durrett, director of the Medical Advisory Division of the Federal Trade Commission, wrote to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) asking them to look into Reich's claims about the health benefits of orgone.[59] The FDA assigned an investigator to the case, who learned that Reich had built 250 accumulators; the FDA concluded that they were dealing with a "fraud of the first magnitude."[60] Sharaf writes that the FDA suspected a sexual racket of some kind; questions were asked about the women associated with orgonomy and "what was done with them."[61]

'I would like to plead for my right to investigate natural phenomena without having guns pointed at me. I also ask for the right to be wrong without being hanged for it.' — Wilhelm Reich, November 1947[62]

In November, Reich wrote in Conspiracy. An Emotional Chain Reaction: "I would like to plead for my right to investigate natural phenomena without having guns pointed at me. I also ask for the right to be wrong without being hanged for it ... I am angry because smearing can do anything and truth can do so little to prevail, as it seems at the moment."[63] Sharaf writes that Reich came to believe that Brady was a Stalinist acting under orders from the Communist Party, a "communist sniper," as Reich called her.[64]

Over the years, the FDA interviewed physicians, Reich's students, and his patients, asking about Reich's use of orgone accumulators. On July 29, 1952, an unannounced inspection was conducted at Orgonon. One inspector was a regular FDA inspector, another an FDA medical expert, and a third an FDA device expert. Reich was known to abhor unannounced visitors; he had once chased some people away with a gun just for looking at an adjacent property. He shouted at the FDA men, told them they had to read his writings before he would interact with them, and ordered them to leave.[65]

The visit began a period of investigation by the FDA, triggering belligerent responses from Reich, who called them "HIGS," hoodlums in government, and the tools of red fascists. He developed a delusion that he had powerful friends in government, including President Eisenhower, who he believed would protect him, and that the U.S. Air Force was flying over Orgonon to make sure that he was all right.[65]

On February 10, 1954, the U.S. Attorney for District of Maine filed a complaint seeking a permanent injunction under Sections 301 and 302 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, to prevent interstate shipment of orgone accumulators and to ban some of Reich's writing promoting and advertising the devices.[66] Reich refused to appear in court, arguing that no court was in a position to evaluate his work. In a long letter to Judge Clifford, he wrote:

My factual position in the case as well as in the world of science of today does not permit me to enter the case against the Food and Drug Administration, since such action would, in my mind, imply admission of the authority of this special branch of the government to pass judgment on primordial, pre-atomic cosmic orgone energy. I, therefore, rest the case in full confidence in your hands.[67]

The United States was granted the injunction by default on March 19, 1954.[68] The judge's ruling was more extensive than the original complaint. He ordered that all accumulators and their parts were to be destroyed. All written material of promotional information and instructions for use (labeling) on the accumulators was also to be destroyed. This included ten of Reich's books that mentioned orgone energy, until such time as references to orgone were deleted; the list included Character Analysis and The Mass Psychology of Fascism.[69]

In May 1956, Reich traveled to Arizona to experiment with the cloudbuster. In his absence, and without his knowledge, one of his students, Dr. Michael Silvert,[70] moved some accumulators and books from Rangeley, Maine to New York, in violation of the injunction.[19] Reich and Silvert were both charged with contempt of court. Once again, he refused to arrange a legal defense. Representing himself, he admitted to the violation and, in his defense, arranged for the judge to be sent copies of his books. He was found guilty of contempt of court on May 7, 1956, and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. Silvert was sentenced to a year and a day. The Wilhelm Reich Foundation, which Reich's students and friends had set up in 1949, was fined $10,000.[19]

Dr. Morton Herskowitz, a fellow psychiatrist and friend of Reich's, wrote of the trial: "Because he viewed himself as a historical figure, he was making a historical point, and to make that point he had conducted the trial that way. If I had been in his shoes, I would have wanted to escape jail, I would have wanted to be free, etc. I would have conducted the trial on a strictly legal basis because the lawyers had said, 'We can win this case for you. Their case is so weak, so when you let us do our thing we can get you off.' But he wouldn't do it."[71] Reich appealed in October 1956, but the Court of Appeals upheld the lower court's decision on December 11. He appealed to the Supreme Court, which decided on February 25, 1957 not to review the lower courts' decisions. Reich and Silvert then asked for a suspension or reduction of their sentences; a hearing was set for March 11, to be followed by jail if the request did not succeed. The judge later wrote to the U.S. Board of Parole that he had been inclined to suspend or reduce the sentence, but the government established that Reich would not discontinue promoting the orgone accumulator. Reich then appealed to the President, to no avail.[72]

On June 5, 1956, as Reich was arranging his first appeal, two FDA officials traveled to Orgonon to supervise the destruction of Reich's accumulators. Most of them had been sold at that point, and another 50 were with Silvert in New York. Only three were at Orgonon. The FDA agents were not allowed to destroy them, only to supervise the destruction, so Reich's friends, and his son Peter, chopped them up with axes as the agents watched. On June 26, the agents returned to supervise the destruction of the promotional material, including some of his books. On July 9, the American Civil Liberties Union issued a press release criticizing the book burning, although coverage of the release was poor, and Reich ended up asking them not to help him because he was annoyed that they failed to criticize the destruction of the accumulators. In England, a letter of protest signed by A.S. Neill and Herbert Read also failed to find a publisher. On July 23, the remaining accumulators in New York were destroyed by S.A. Collins and Sons, who had built them.[73]

On August 23, six tons of his books, journals, and papers were burned in the 25th Street public incinerator in New York's lower east side, the Gansevoort incinerator.[74] Among the material destroyed were titles that were supposed only to be banned, including 12,189 copies of the Orgone Energy Bulletin, 6,261 copies of the International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research, 2,900 copies of Emotional Plague Versus Orgone Biophysics, 2,976 copies of Annals of the Orgone Institute, and hardcover copies of several of his books, including The Sexual Revolution, Character Analysis, and The Mass Psychology of Fascism.[19] This action has been cited as one of the worst examples of censorship in U.S. history.[2]

As with the accumulators, the FDA was supposed only to observe the destruction, while his colleagues carried it out. One of them, Victor Sobey, wrote: "All the expenses and labor had to be provided by the [Orgone Institute] Press. A huge truck with three to help was hired. I felt like people who, when they are to be executed, are made to dig their own graves first and are then shot and thrown in. We carried box after box of the literature."[75]

On February 10, 1957, Reich signed his last will, naming his daughter, Eva, as his executrix.[76] On March 12, he was sent to Danbury Federal Prison, where Richard C. Hubbard, a psychiatrist who admired Reich, examined him, recording paranoia manifested by delusions of grandiosity, persecution, and ideas of reference:

The patient feels that he has made outstanding discoveries. Gradually over a period of many years he has explained the failure of his ideas in becoming universally accepted by the elaboration of psychotic thinking. "The Rockerfellows (sic) are against me." (Delusion of grandiosity.) "The airplanes flying over prison are sent by the Air Force to encourage me." (Ideas of reference and grandiosity.)[77]

On March 22, he was transferred to the federal penitentiary in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, where there were better psychiatric facilities, and was examined again. This tded that he was mentally competent, and that his personality appeared intact, though he might become psychotic under stress.[77] Two days later, on his 60th birthday, he wrote to his son, Peter, then 13:

I am in Lewisburg. I am calm, certain in my thoughts, and doing mathematics most of the time. I am kind of "above things," fully aware of what is up. Do not worry too much about me, though anything might happen. I know, Pete, that you are strong and decent. At first I thought that you should not visit me here. I do not know. With the world in turmoil I now feel that a boy your age should experience what is coming his way—fully digest it without getting a "belly ache," so to speak, nor getting off the right track of truth, fact, honesty, fair play, and being above board—never a sneak. ...[78]

Peter did visit him at Lewisburg several times. Reich told him that he cried a lot, and wanted Peter to let himself cry too, believing that tears are the "great softener." His last letter to his son was on October 22, when he said he was in good spirits, and looking forward to being released on November 10, when he would have served one third of his sentence; a parole hearing had been scheduled for just a few days before. He wrote that he and Peter had a date for a meal at the Howard Johnson restaurant near Peter's school.[7]

Reich failed to appear for morning roll call on November 3, and was found dead in his bed at 7 a.m., fully clothed but for his shoes. The prison physician said he had died during the night of "myocardial insufficiency with sudden heart failure."[7] He was buried in a plot of land he had chosen in the woods at Orgonon, in a coffin he had bought a year earlier from a Maine craftsman. He had left instructions that there was to be no religious ceremony, but that a record should be played of Schubert's "Ave Maria" sung by Marian Anderson, and that his granite headstone should read simply: "Wilhelm Reich, Born March 24, 1897, Died ..." Dr. Elsworth F. Baker, a physician friend, said at his funeral, "Once in a thousand years, nay once in two thousand years, such a man comes upon this earth to change the destiny of the human race. As with all great men, distortion, falsehood, and persecution followed him. He met them all, until organized conspiracy sent him to prison and then killed him."[79] A replica of a cloudbuster stands next to his grave, and the building that housed his laboratory is now the Wilhelm Reich Museum.

None of the psychiatric and established scientific journals carried an obituary. Time magazine wrote on November 18, 1957:

Died. Wilhelm Reich, 60, once-famed psychoanalyst, associate and follower of Sigmund Freud, founder of the Wilhelm Reich Foundation, lately better known for unorthodox sex and energy theories; of a heart attack; in Lewisburg Federal Penitentiary, Pa; where he was serving a two-year term for distributing his invention, the "orgone energy accumulator" (in violation of the Food and Drug Act), a telephone-booth-size device that supposedly gathered energy from the atmosphere, and could cure, while the patient sat inside, common colds, cancer, and impotence.[80]

Continuation of Previous Post:

The study of Reich's work has been hampered by the instruction he left that his unpublished papers were to be stored for 50 years after his death, "to secure their safety from destruction and falsification," which meant researchers were not able to access them until 2007.[81]

Nearly all his publications have been reprinted, apart from his research journals, which are available as photocopies from the Wilhelm Reich Museum. The first editions are not available: Reich continuously amended his books throughout his life, and the owners of Reich's copyright only allow the latest revised versions to be reprinted. In the late 1960s, Farrar, Straus & Giroux republished all his major works.[82]

New research journals devoted to his work began to appear in the 1960s. Physicians and natural scientists with an interest in Reich organized small study groups and institutes, and new research efforts were undertaken, though the mainstream scientific community has shown minimal interest in his ideas. The Orgone Biophysical Research Lab, founded in 1978 by Dr. James DeMeo, continues to investigate Reich's orgone research, and hosts international conferences and an occasional research journal.[83] DeMeo undertook studies on Reich's cloudbuster device at the University of Kansas in 1979, and wrote that he had confirmed many of the effects claimed by Reich.[84] A double-blind, controlled study of the effects of the orgone accumulator was carried out by Stefan Müschenich and Rainer Gebauer at the University of Marburg in 1987, and appeared to validate some of Reich's claims.[85] The study was later reproduced by Günter Hebenstreit at the University of Vienna.[86]

DeMeo conducted a number of other studies into Reich's work at the University of Kansas, including a global cross-cultural study, "Saharasia," to test the validity of Reich's sex-economic theory in the origins of human violence.[87] He undertook controlled studies on Reich's controversial thermal anomaly experiment,[88] and in 2011 wrote that orgone-charged water has a higher UV absorption in the 240-280 nm range, as compared to control samples.[89] He has also published studies showing statistically significant increases in plant growth when charged inside orgone accumulators, as compared to controls.[90] He argues that Reich's orgone energy is functionally similar to the older concept of the cosmological ether of space, and bears a similarity to the modern concepts of dark matter and the interstellar medium.[91]

Reich's influence is felt in modern psychotherapy. In 1978, the French philosopher, Michel Foucault, wrote that the impact of Reich's critique of sexual repression was substantial.[92] William Steig, Robert Anton Wilson, Norman Mailer, Jerome D. Salinger and Orson Bean have all undergone Reich's orgone therapy, and there is some use of orgone accumulators by psychotherapists in Europe, particularly in Germany.[93] Reich was a pioneer of body psychotherapy and several emotions-based psychotherapies, influencing Fritz Perls's Gestalt therapy and Arthur Janov's primal therapy. His pupil Alexander Lowen, the founder of bioenergetic analysis, and Charles Kelley, the founder of Radix therapy, ensure that his research receives widespread attention. Many practising psychoanalysts give credence to his theory of character, as outlined in Character Analysis (1933, enlarged 1949). The American College of Orgonomy, founded by Dr. Elsworth Baker, and the Institute for Orgonomic Science, led by Dr. Morton Herskowitz, still use Reich's original therapeutic methods.

In popular culture

The cover of "Cloudbusting" by Kate Bush, released in October 1985. In the video accompanying the single, Donald Sutherland plays Reich.
Reich continues to influence popular culture, with references to orgone and cloudbusting found in songs by Clutch, Hawkwind, Pop Will Eat Itself, Turbonegro, Bob Dylan, and Patti Smith ("Birdland" on Horses).
He is a character in the opera Marilyn (1979) by Italian composer Lorenzo Ferrero.
Kate Bush's song "Cloudbusting" describes Reich's arrest and incarceration through the eyes of Reich's son, Peter, who wrote his father's story in A Book of Dreams, published in 1973. The video for the song was directed by Julian Doyle, conceived by Terry Gilliam and Bush, and has Donald Sutherland as Reich, and Bush as Peter.[94]
An article about the female orgasm by Reich provided the inspiration for "Little Man Within" by Welsh singer/songwriter Karl Wallinger of World Party.
Author Robert Anton Wilson wrote a play, Wilhelm Reich in Hell, partly based on Reich's life; it was also published as a book in 1987. Wilson frequently referred to Reich and Reich's works in both his fiction and non-fiction. Notably, one character in Wilson's Schrödinger's Cat Trilogy is a witness to the 1957 book-burning.

Reich's work is described in Italian writer Valerio Evangelisti's novel Il mistero dell'inquisitore Eymerich ("The mystery of Inquisitor Eymerich"), in which Reich is described as a visionary whose ideas were ahead of his time.
A film about his teachings called W.R.: Mysteries of the Organism was made in 1971 by Yugoslavian director Dušan Makavejev, and was listed by film critic Roger Ebert in his "Great Movie" series in 2007.
A short drama film about Reich by Jon East, called "It can be done," was nominated for a Silver Lion at the 1999 Venice Film Festival.
The superhero "Orgone Lad", a member of the League of Infinity is Wilhelm Reich, Supreme by Alan Moore(2000).
"He did ten years in Attica, reading Nietzsche and Wilhelm Reich"—from the song "Joey" on the album Desire by Bob Dylan.
In Jack Kerouac's autobiographical novel On the Road, written in 1951, Old Bull Lee (modelled on William Burroughs) extols the benefits of the orgone accumulator he owns and considers how it may be improved by building it from "more organic" wood. Burroughs makes several references to Orgone energy in his own novels and essays.
The final episode of series 5 of British TV series Peep Show featured two main characters becoming enamoured of a religious cult that expounded Reich's orgone theory.
Reich is the subject, along with real estate developer Del Webb, of the 2008 documentary Wasteland Utopias by filmmaker David Sherman.
The Australian product designer Marc Newson has produced several 'Orgone' items of furniture, most famously his 'Orgone Chair.'
The post punk band Devo credited Mayan technology and Reich as the sources of inspiration for their 'energy dome' hats in an interview with Stephen Colbert on June 16, 2010.

German-language books Der triebhafte Charakter : Eine psychoanalytische Studie zur Pathologie des Ich, 1925
Die Funktion des Orgasmus : Zur Psychopathologie und zur Soziologie des Geschlechtslebens, 1927
Dialektischer Materialismus und Psychoanalyse, 1929
Geschlechtsreife, Enthaltsamkeit, Ehemoral : Eine Kritik der bürgerlichen Sexualreform, 1930
Der Einbruch der Sexualmoral : Zur Geschichte der sexuellen Ökonomie, 1932
Charakteranalyse : Technik und Grundlagen für studierende und praktizierende Analytiker, 1933
Massenpsychologie des Faschismus, 1933 (original Marxist edition, banned by the Nazis and the Communists)
Was ist Klassenbewußtsein? : Über die Neuformierung der Arbeiterbewegung, 1934
Psychischer Kontakt und vegetative Strömung, 1935
Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf : Zur sozialistischen Umstrukturierung des Menschen, 1936
Die Bione : Zur Entstehung des vegetativen Lebens, 1938
Rede an den kleinen Mann, 1945
English-language books American Odyssey: Letters and Journals 1940-1947 (posthumous)
Beyond Psychology: Letters and Journals 1934-1939 (posthumous)
The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety
The Bion Experiments: On the Origins of Life
The Function of the Orgasm, 1942, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe
The Cancer Biopathy (1948)
Character Analysis (translation of the enlarged version of Charakteranalyse from 1933, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe)

Children of the Future: On the Prevention of Sexual Pathology
Contact With Space: Oranur Second Report (1957)
Cosmic Superimposition: Man's Orgonotic Roots in Nature (1951)
"Concerning Specific Forms of Masturbation" (essay)
Ether, God and Devil (1949)
Genitality in the Theory and Therapy of Neuroses (translation of the original, unrevised version of Die Funktion des Orgasmus from 1927)
The Invasion of Compulsory Sex-Morality (translation of the revised and enlarged version of Der Einbruch der Sexualmoral from 1932)
Listen, Little Man! (1948, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe)
The Mass Psychology of Fascism (translation of the revised and enlarged version of Massenpsychologie des Faschismus from 1933, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe)
The Murder of Christ (1953)
The Oranur Experiment
The Orgone Energy Accumulator, Its Scientific and Medical Use (1948)
Passion of Youth: An Autobiography, 1897-1922 (posthumous)
People in Trouble (1953)
Record of a Friendship: The Correspondence of Wilhelm Reich and A.S. Neill (1936–1957)
Reich Speaks of Freud (Interview by Kurt R. Eissler, letters, documents)
Selected Writings: An Introduction to Orgonomy
Sexpol. Essays 1929-1934 (ed. Lee Baxandall)
The Sexual Revolution (translation of Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf from 1936, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe)
The Einstein Affair (1953)

See also

Ernst Simmel
Phallic narcissism

Notes

1.^ For the view that he was one of the most radical figures in psychiatry, see Sheppard, R.Z. "A family affair", Time, May 14, 1973.
2.^ a b c "Wilhelm Reich," Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved July 26, 2009.
3.^ Sharaf, Myron (1994). Fury on Earth: A Biography of Wilhelm Reich. Da Capo Press, pp. 4–5.
4.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 4, 8. Also see Obituary notice for Wilhelm Reich, Time Magazine, November 18, 1957.

5.^ a b Sharaf 1994, p. 170.
6.^ For the articles, see Wertham, Fredric. Calling all Couriers, The New Republic, Dec 2, 1946.
Brady, Mildred Edie. The Strange Case of Wilhelm Reich, The New Republic, May 26, 1947.
Brady, Mildred Edie. The New Cult of Sex and Anarchy, Harper's, April 1947.
"The New Coast of Bohemia" (editorial), Saturday Review of Literature, August 16, 1947, and
Henderson, Harry and Shaw, Sam. "Greenwich Village: Tourist Trap," Collier's, December 6, 1947.

7.^ a b c Sharaf 1994, p. 477.
8.^ a b Sharaf 1994, p. 39.
9.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 463.
10.^ Reich, Wilhelm. "Background and scientific development of Wilhelm Reich," Orgone Energy Bulletin V, 1953, p. 6, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 40 and p. 488, footnote 10.
11.^ Reich , Wilhelm. Passion of Youth, Paragon House, New York, 1990, p. 25; also see Sharaf, p. 49.
12.^ Reich, Wilhelm. "Über einen Fall von Durchbruch der Inzestschranke in der Pubertät," Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, VII, 1920, 222-223, cited in and translated by Sharaf 1994, p. 43 and p. 448, footnote 12.
13.^ a b Sharaf 1994, pp. 42–46.
14.^ In his book Passion of Youth (p. 36-37) Reich says that his mother died by the end of September 1910. She took an unknown poison on a Monday, which corresponds to September 26. Based on his further comments one easily concludes that she died three days later, on September 29, 1910, at 2.00 AM Her first suicide attempt, with ingestion of Lysol (the afore mentioned household cleaner) had occurred in January 1910, the same evening Leon Reich came to know about the adultery (Reich, idem, p. 31).
15.^ Reich, Wilhelm. Über einen Fall von Durchbruch der Inzestschranke in der Pubertät, op cit, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 47 and p. 489, footnote 21.
16.^ a b Sharaf 1994, p. 48.
17.^ a b Blumenfeld, Robert. Tools and techniques for character interpretation. Hal Leonard Corporation, 2006, p. 135.
18.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 58.
19.^ a b c d e f g h Biography, The Wilhelm Reich Museum. Retrieved August 14, 2006.
20.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 108–109.
21.^ Biographical notes on his family: Annie Pink, born April 2, 1902, Vienna, died January 5, 1971, New York. Eva Reich became a doctor and applied orgonomical techniques to the care of newborns. Lore Reich Rubin became a doctor and psychoanalyst.
22.^ According to his daughter Lore Reich, Anna Freud and Ernest Jones were behind the expulsion.
23.^ a b c d e f g Brady, Mildred. The Strange case of Wilhelm Reich", The New Republic, May 26, 1947, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 360. "In this state of outer rigidity (expressed in muscular tensions) and inner anxiety he becomes “sadistic, “ “masochistic,” “anti-Semitic, “ “fascistic, “ “reactionary,” “hateful,” “submissive,” “authoritarian,” “greedy,” “power-motivated” and “perverse.”"
24.^ a b c Cantwell, Alan. Dr. Wilhelm Reich", New Dawn Magazine, 2004. Retrieved December 3, 2007.
25.^ D'Aloia, Alessandro. "Marxism and Psychoanalysis: Notes on Wilhelm Reich’s Life and Works", Marxist.com. Retrieved August 14, 2006.
26.^ a b c Sharaf 1994, p. 228.
27.^ Reich, Wilhelm. Beyond Psychology: Letters and Journals 1934-1939. Farrar Straus & Giroux, 1994, p. 66
28.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 234–235, 242.
29.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 242.
30.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 234–235.
31.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 238–241, 243.
32.^ a b Sharaf 1994, pp. 230–233.
33.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 245–246.
34.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 253.
35.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 255.
36.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 254.
37.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 257–259.
38.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 263.
39.^ Sharaf 1944, pp. 264–265.
40.^ Elkind, David. "Wilhelm Reich -- The Psychoanalyst as Revolutionary; Wilhelm Reich", The New York Times, April 18, 1971. Retrieved June 17, 2009.
41.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 274.
42.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 8.
43.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 352.
44.^ Reich, Wilhelm. Murder of Christ. Orgone Institute Press 1953, p. 41.
45.^ Klee, Gerald D. "What ever happened to orgone therapy?", The Maryland Psychiatric Society, Summer 2001; Vol. 28, No. 1; Pg 13-15, retrieved January 7, 2011; Grossinger, Richard. Planet Medicine: From Stone Age Shamanism to Post-industrial Healing, Taylor & Francis, 1982, p. 293.
46.^ Reich, Wilhelm. The Cancer Biopathy, chapter II, section 6. Farrar, Straus and Giroux (January 1, 1974).
47.^ Reich, Wilhelm. Ether, God & Devil & Cosmic Superimposition, Farrar, Straus and Giroux (January 1, 1972)
48.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 379–380.
49.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 285.
50.^ Brian, Denis (1996). Einstein: A Life. John Wiley & Sons, p. 326.
51.^ "I have now investigated your apparatus ... In the beginning I made enough readings without any changes in your arrangements. The box-thermometer showed regularly a temperature of about 0.3-0.4 higher than the one suspended freely," Einstein's letter to Reich, February 7, 1941, English translation, in The Einstein Affair, Orgone Institute Press, 1953
52.^ a b Sharaf 1994, p. 286.
53.^ "One of my assistants now drew my attention to the fact that in the room ... the temperature on the floor is always lower than the one on the ceiling," Einstein to Reich, February 7, 1941, op.cit.
54.^ "Through these experiments I regard the matter as completely solved," Einstein to Reich, February 7, 1941, op.cit.
55.^ "Ich hoffe, dass dies ihre Skepsis entwickeln wird, dass Sie sich nicht durch eine an sich verständliche Illusion trügen lassen," ("I hope that this will sharpen your skepticism so that you're not taken in by one of these understandable illusions"), Einstein to Reich, February 7, 1941, op.cit.
56.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 288.
57.^ "FBI adds new subjects to electronic reading room", U.S. State Department, March 2, 2000.
58.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 361.
59.^ FDA file on Reich, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 363 and footnote 6, p. 513.
60.^ FDA file on Reich, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 364 and footnote 11, p. 513.
61.^ Greenfield, Jerome. Wilhelm Reich Vs. the U.S.A.. W.W. Norton, 1974, p. 69, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 364 and footnote 13, p. 513.
62.^ Reich, Wilhelm. Conspiracy. An Emotional Chain Reaction, item 386A, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 367 and footnote 14, p. 513.
63.^ Reich, Wilhelm. Conspiracy. An Emotional Chain Reaction, item 386A, cited in Sharaf 1994, p. 367 and footnote 14, p. 513.
64.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 367.
65.^ a b Sharaf 1994, pp. 410–413.
66.^ Complaint for injunction by FDA, Feb 10, 1954, part1, USA vs WILHELM REICH 1954-1957.
67.^ "Wilhelm Reich's Response to FDA's Complaint for Injunction", February 25, 1954, posted on orgone.org.
68.^ DECREE OF INJUNCTION ORDER (USA vs Wilhelm Reich) by JUDGE CLIFFORD MARCH 19, 1954 - USA vs WILHELM REICH 1954-1957.
69.^ Wilhelm Reich: Man's Right to Know, Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust, retrieved January 15, 2012
70.^ Michael Silvert (1906-1958), born Meyer Silverzweig in Poland. He was arrested with Reich and committed suicide in 1958 when he was released from prison.[1]
71.^ Herskowitz, Morton. The Trial, The Institute for Orgonomic Science. Retrieved July 26, 2009.
72.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 458, 465, 466, 473.
73.^ Sharaf 1994, pp. 458–461.
74.^ Reich, Wilhelm (1897-1957), International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis
75.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 461.
76.^ There is some discrepancy between the sources on this. Myron Sharaf writes that Reich signed his last will on February 10, 1957, naming his daughter Eva as executrix, which meant she controlled the publication and republication of his work. The Wilhelm Reich Museum writes that his last will was on March 8, 1957, naming the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund as the entity charged with running Orgonon as the Wilhelm Reich Museum, transmitting his legacy, and housing his archives. See Sharaf 1994, p. 465 and Biography, The Wilhelm Reich Museum. Retrieved August 14, 2006.
77.^ a b Sharaf 1994, pp. 469–470.
78.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 476.
79.^ Sharaf 1994. p. 5.
80.^ Obituary notice for Wilhelm Reich, Time Magazine, November 18, 1957.
81.^ Sharaf 1994, p. 6.
82.^ A good overview of Reich's work is Wilhelm Reich: The evolution of his work by David Boadella. A bibliography on orgonomy gives full citations to university dissertations, and to controlled experiments replicating Reich's work on bions, the orgone accumulator, and the cloudbuster.
83.^ Orgone Biophysical Research Lab, Ashland, Oregon.
84.^ DeMeo, James: "Preliminary Analysis of Changes in Kansas Weather Coincidental to Experimental Operations with a Reich Cloudbuster," 1979 University of Kansas Dept. of Geography, republished as a book by the Orgone Biophysical Research Laboratory, 2010.
85.^ Müschenich, Stefan & Gebauer, Rainer: Der Reich'sche Orgonakkumulator. Naturwissenschaftliche Diskussion, praktische Anwendung, experimentelle Untersuchung. Frankfurt/Main: Nexus-Verlag 1987
86.^ Hebenstreit, Günter: Der Orgonakkumulator nach Wilhelm Reich. Eine experimentelle Untersuchung zur Spannungs-Ladungs-Formel. Univ. Wien, Dipl.-Arbeit, 1995
87.^ DeMeo, James: "Saharasia: The 4000 BCE Origins of Child-Abuse, Sex-Repression, Warfare and Social Violence in the Deserts of the Old World", Natural Energy Works, Ashland, Oregon, 1998.
88.^ DeMeo, James: "Experimental Confirmation of the Reich Orgone Accumulator Thermal Anomaly", Subtle Energies and Energy Medicine 20(3):1-16, 2010.
89.^ DeMeo, James. "Water as a Resonant Medium for Unusual External Environmental Factors", Water: A Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2011, pp. 1-47.
90.^ DeMeo, James: "Report on Orgone Accumulator Stimulation of Sprouting Mung Beans", Subtle Energies and Energy Medicine, 21(2):51-62, 2011.
91.^ DeMeo, James: "Dayton C. Miller Revisited", in Should the Laws of Gravitation Be Reconsidered? Hector A. Munera, Editor, 2011, pp. 285-315. Also see: "A Dynamic and Substantive Cosmological Ether", Proceedings of the Natural Philosophy Alliance, Cynthia Whitney, Editor, Vol.1, No.1, Spring 2004, pp. 15-20.

92.^ Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality, Volume 1: An Introduction. Vintage Books, 1978, p. 131.
93.^ For example: Kavouras, Jorgos: Heilen mit Orgonenergie: Die Medizinische Orgonomie, Turm Verlag, Bietigheim, Germany, 2005; Lassek, Heiko. Orgon-Therapie: Heilen mit der reinen Lebensenergie, Scherz Verlag, 1997, München, Germany; Müschenich, Stefan: Der Gesundheitsbegriff im Werk des Arztes Wilhelm Reich (The Concept of Health in the Works of Wilhelm Reich, MD), med. Diss., Marburg, Görich & Weiershauser, 1995.
94.^ "Cloudbusting", YouTube. Retrieved July 26, 2009.

Further reading

Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust, accessed March 28, 2012.
Reich's FBI file (also see here).
Los Orgones, Argentinian site of Orgonomy
Bibliography on Orgonomy, a full listing of scholarly works on Wilhelm Reich
Orgone Biophysical Research Laboratory
PORE, Public Orgonomic Research Exchange (includes biography and timeline)
The American College of Orgonomy
Wilhelm Reich Gesellschaft
Wilhelm Reich Orgon Institut Deutschland
Wilhelm Reich Akademie
Reichian therapy.
Wilhelm Reich at Find a Grave
Books Baker, Elsworth F., Man In The Trap. Macmillan, 1967.
Bean, Orson, Me And The Orgone/ St. Martin's Press, 1971.
Boadella, David. Wilhelm Reich, The Evolution Of His Work, Henry Regnery, 1973.
Boadella, David (ed.). In The Wake Of Reich, Coventure, 1976.
Corrington, Robert S. Wilhelm Reich: Psychoanalyst and Radical Naturalist. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003/
Greenfield, Jerome (1974). Wilhelm Reich Vs. The USA, W.W. Norton, NY, 1974.
Guillon, Claude (1978). Pour en finir avec Reich, Alternative diffusion, 1978.
Herskowitz, Morton (1998). Emotional Armoring: An Introduction to Psychiatric Orgone Therapy, Transactions Press.
Mann, Edward (1973). Orgone. Reich And Eros: Wilhelm Reich's Theory Of The Life Energy, Simon & Schuster.
Mann, Edward & Hoffman (ed.) (1980). The Man Who Dreamed Of Tomorrow: A Conceptual Biography Of Wilhelm Reich, J.P. Tarcher, 1980.
Martin, Jim (2000). Wilhelm Reich and the Cold War, Flatland Books.
Meyerowitz, Jacob (1994). Before the Beginning of Time, rRp Publishers.
Ollendorff, Ilse. (1969). Wilhelm Reich: A Personal Biography, St. Martin's Press.
Raknes, Ola (1970). Wilhelm Reich And Orgonomy, St. Martin's Press.
Reich, Peter (1973). A Book Of Dreams, Harper & Row.
Ritter, Paul (ed.) (1958). Wilhelm Reich Memorial Volume, Ritter Press.
Senf, Bernd (1996). Die Wiederentdeckung des Lebendigen (The Rediscovery of the Living), Zweitausendeins Verlag.
Wilson, Robert Anton (1998). Wilhelm Reich in Hell, Aires Press.
Wyckoff, James (1973). Wilhelm Reich: Life Force Explorer, Fawcett.
Articles D'Aloia, Alessandro. Marxism and Psychoanalysis: Notes on Wilhelm Reich's life and work, first published in FalceMartello, International Marxist Tendency, October 15, 2004.
DeMeo, James. The Orgone Accumulator Handbook: Construction Plans, Experimental Use and Protection Against Toxic Energy, Natural Energy Works, 1989.
DeMeo, James. Response to Martin Gardner's Attack on Reich and Orgone Research in the Skeptical Inquirer, 1989.
DeMeo, James (ed). "On Wilhelm Reich And Orgonomy", Pulse of the Planet, No. 4, Natural Energy Works, 1993.
DeMeo, James & Senf, Bernd (eds). Nach Reich: Neue Forschungen zur Orgonomie: Sexualokonomie, Die Entdeckung Der Orgonenergie (After Reich: New Research in Orgonomy: Sex-Economy, Discovery of the Orgone Energy), Zweitausendeins Verlag, Frankfurt, 1998.
Kendrick, William (1983). “The Analyst as Outsider”, a review of Myron Sharaf's Fury on Earth: A Biography of Wilhelm Reich, The New York Times, April 3, 1983.
Laska, Bernd A. (1981). "Sigmund Freud contra Wilhelm Reich", Wilhelm Reich. Bildmonographie. Rowohlt, Reinbek 1981, 1999.
The Einstein experiments The Einstein Affair, Orgone Institute Press, 1953.
Aspden, H. "Gravity and its thermal anomaly: was the Reich-Einstein experiment evidence of energy inflow from the aether?," Infinite Energy, 2011, 41:61.
Bearden, T. "Energy from the vacuum," Cheniere Press, 2002, pp. 333–337.
Brian, Denis. Einstein: A Life, John Wiley & Sons, 1996. Reich is discussed on pp. 325–327, 382, 399.
Clark, Ronald W. Einstein: The Life and Times, Avon, 1971. Reich is on pp. 689–690 of the paperback edition.
Correa, P and Correa, A. "The thermal anomaly in ORACs and the Reich-Einstein experiment: implications for blackbody theory," Akronos Publishing, 1998.
Correa P and Correa A. "The reproducible thermal anomaly of the Reich-Einstein experiment under limit conditions," Infinite Energy, 2001, 37:12.
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Mallove, E. "Breaking Through: Aether Science and Technology," Infinite Energy, 2001, 39:6.

Once again, I have attempted to be private, discrete, nice, and funny -- but this seems to have not worked out very well. Would you prefer having a nasty public ideological battle with me, or with someone who understands my basic views, but who is much more skilled at public debate than I am??? I hear that some sort of a regime-change is in the works, but I have no idea if this is true, or even if it would be a change for the better. We might have to undergo several regime changes before we 'get it right'. I just don't know. There are too many unknowns and uncertainties.

BTW -- I still like my 'Fisk' ideas (both of them -- or is it three of them?) -- but the 'Organ Transplants' might be bad ideas (too disruptive and bombastic), even though they were fun to think about. I like the Bach 'B-Minor Mass' -- but I'm sorry that the link I posted no longer works. Why does this keep happening?? I use a link for months or years -- then I post it on this thread -- and it stops working in a very short while. Why? Consider converting Marcel Dupre's 'Cortege and Litanie' into a choral work (with organ and orchestral accompaniment). Same for the 'Resurrection' movement of his 'Passion Symphonie'. Same for Bach's 'Passacaglia and Fugue in C-Minor'. How about an integration of Bach's 'B-Minor Mass' with the 1928 'Book of Common Prayer'??? But then, you guys don't appreciate suggestions, now do you??? I don't hate 'you guys'. I'm just very sad, frustrated, and fatigued.

I continue to be fascinated by the hidden realities within our solar system -- but something sinister and terrifying seems to be lurking in the shadows. I am very concerned when I hear about the 'conjuring-up of ufo's' via specific protocols -- and the phenomenon described by Whitley Strieber, in 'Communion', is very creepy. I have seen ufo's, and I might be some sort of a 'contactee', but I do not actively seek this sort of thing -- other than researching and reflecting in very passive and non-creepy ways. I continue to lean toward nature, interdisciplinary-research, and classical-music. Ask a lot of questions -- especially hard and unsettling questions. I have tried to do this within this site -- but I think I'm just scratching the surface. Have fun -- but be careful. The Truth is Out There.

Namaste and Godspeed.

Carol wrote: Good one Threecaster.

I think there are several issues floating around.

There are those who believe in population control. Birth control and annihilation of those already on the planet. Thrown into the mix is control of what type of human is to be created via genetics and who is worthy to pro-create. Good luck with any of this because this is not the way to deal with the problem at hand.

First there needs to be a means for those who exist to care for themselves and each other. Next, there are many woman who would like to not have children and more men who do as seen by the statistics of men who impregnate multiple women. I mean, sterilization of all men would be a whole lot easier then sterilizing all the woman - wouldn't it? But again something like this would not really solve the problem, would it? Because what needs to happen is the evolution of humankind as a whole so that there is a responsible attitude toward reproduction across the board. Then there is the whole issue of sex. Try and stuff that one back into the box. Unless all males are fed salt peter their whole lives and women's hormones are turned off this isn't viable either.

Next, we have those with pretty much the majority of everything wanting to rid the planet of those who have next to nothing so that those with everything get all that's left. Well, that's not going over with those in the know who don't control the world's wealth and some of those folks are already in uprisings across the planet.

Personally, I've always thought the solutions was to give everyone a means to have a self-sustaining productive life which would include free energy, vertical aquaponic gardens where they grown their own food, clean water, clean air and shelter. Shelter comes in many forms and I lean more towards straw bale or hobbit types of dwellings in climates with temperature extremes and high winds. Tropical climates need a different type of shelter and there are many ways to accomplish this without it costing an arm and leg. I suppose the one biggest distractor is the mind-numbing, mind control TV programing that so many are addicted to.

Anyway, the big question is "Who is really running this world" Who is calling the shots? Aliens or humans? Or humans under alien control? Perhaps it's the clones of themselves that some aliens left behind who are completely amoral and into living out the seven deadly sins. Or is it just really intelligent humans addicted to the seven deadly sins. The Seven Deadly Sins are those transgressions fatal to spiritual progress. These are pride, envy, gluttony, use, anger, greed and sloth ( the avoidance of physical or spiritual work). http://deadlysins.com/sins/index.htm

So what we have here are more questions then answers. There are those individuals who are caught up in a Thanatos type of life style creating all types of nasty karma for themselves and who certainly appear to outnumber those devoted to the 7 heavenly virtues. The way I view this is that these first types are just younger souls who have a ways to go before realizing participation of the 7 deadly seven sins is literally the road to hell. And not hell in the biblical sense but hell in the spiritual sense where they distance themselves from the Divine creator source of love, compassion and acceptance.

So what are we do to as a mere human given the overwhelming odds of being manipulated by external elements along with internal negative conditioning.

Well that's a story told in hundreds, if not thousands, of epic tales in various cultures. Do we take a stand against the 'madness' or surrender to a very unpleasant fate. Perhaps the story of Arjuna in Krishna illustrates this best in the Bhagavad Gita . Arjun plies Krishna with reasons why he wanted to quit the war, but confused by it all, asks Krishna for guidance. During the dialogue, Arjuna was sitting in the middle part of the chariot. Krishna was sitting at the front, talking to Arjuna. The aim is Krishna-Arjuna Samvada, the dialogue between man and God. It is the direct confrontation by man of the eternity and the infinity that is before it. Krishna represents the God within us all who is always waiting patiently to guide one toward inner transformation.

I think in the end it doesn't matter who is in control at the external level but who takes control at the internal level. Does one take on the task of becoming true to oneself and thus consciously choose to walk upon a spiritual path that eventually manifests the 7 heavenly virtues of:

Chastity - Abstaining from sexual conduct according to one's state in life; the practice of courtly love and romantic friendship. Cleanliness through cultivated good health and hygiene, and maintained by refraining from intoxicants. To be honest with oneself, one's family, one's friends, and to all of humanity. Embracing of moral wholesomeness and achieving purity of thought-through education and betterment. The ability to refrain from being distracted and influenced by hostility, temptation or corruption.

Temperance - Restraint - justice. Constant mindfulness of others and one's surroundings; practicing self-control, abstention, moderation, zero-sum and deferred gratification.

Charity - Generosity, self-sacrifice; the term should not be confused with the more restricted modern use of the word charity to mean benevolent giving. In Christian theology, charity—or love (agäpé) -- is the greatest of the three theological virtues.

Diligence - A zealous and careful nature in one's actions and work; decisive work ethic, steadfastness in belief, fortitude, and the capability of not giving up. Budgeting one's time; monitoring one's own activities to guard against laziness. Upholding one's convictions at all times, especially when no one else is watching.)

Patience - Forbearance and endurance through moderation. Resolving conflicts and injustice peacefully, as opposed to resorting to violence. Accepting the grace to forgive;[2] to show mercy to sinners. Creating a sense of peaceful stability and community rather than suffering, hostility, and antagonism.

Kindness - Charity, compassion and friendship for its own sake. Empathy and trust without prejudice or resentment. Unselfish love and voluntary kindness without bias or spite. Having positive outlooks and cheerful demeanor; to inspire kindness in others.

Humility - Modest behavior, selflessness, and the giving of respect. Humility is not thinking less of yourself, it is thinking of yourself less. It is a spirit of self-examination; a hermeneutic of suspicion toward yourself and charity toward people you disagree with. The courage of the heart necessary to undertake tasks which are difficult, tedious or unglamorous, and to graciously accept the sacrifices involved. Reverence for those who have wisdom and those who selflessly teach in love. Giving credit where credit is due; not unfairly glorifying one's own self. Being faithful to promises, no matter how big or small they may be. Refraining from despair and the ability to confront fear and uncertainty, or intimidation.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_virtues#Seven_heavenly_virtues

So I guess everything else is a spiritual test. Because in the end one just keeps coming back (reincarnating) until transformation is the desired outcome and all the rest of those 7 deadly sins just falls away.

I've gone over this before -- but here I go again. What if what we are mostly dealing with in this solar-system are Three Archangelic Reptilian Queens -- in conflict with each other -- going back thousands, millions, or even billions, of years? What Would Occam Say (WWOS)? Consider the following groups of three:

1. Michael, Gabriel, Lucifer.
2. Ptah, Thoth, Ra.
3. Isis, Horus, Set.
4. Father, Son, Holy-Spirit.
5. Reptilians, Greys, Humans.
6. Vatican, City of London, Washington D.C.
7. The 'Trilateral Commission'.
8. '666'.
9. Three Dragons in the City of London Logo.
10. The 'Three Angel's Messages' in the Book of Revelation.

Is it useful to think of Three Archangelic Annas? Might all of the theologies and mythologies have arisen from these three? Might all of these three be hidden within the theologies and mythologies? What if all three are a mixture of good and evil -- sanity and insanity? What if all three have done the best they could -- under the circumstances? What if it might be nearly impossible for the general-public to comprehend the real truth about all of the above? I keep thinking about the City of London logo -- in light of all of the above.

London is the seat of one faction of reptilian power on this planet. This has already been pointed out in the past by a number of astute observers. The "City of London", which is sometimes referred to as the "Corporation of London", is a one square mile region of business and commerce which is at the heart of financial operations on this planet.

This article will discuss the emblem of the rebel reptilian faction. This emblem is of a winged reptilian holding a shield whose face is painted white, with a red cross spanning the length and width of the face of the shield (see photos below). This red cross with the white background is known as "St George's Cross". On the 23rd of April each year, the UK celebrates St George's day. Why is this particular reptilian faction referred to as the "rebel reptilian faction" and who is this "St George"? In order to obtain answers for these questions, one must look back in history to the time of a historical character called "George of Lydda/Lydia" who is well known in the story "St George and the Dragon". In this story St George is meant to have killed the (reptilian) dragon.

The significance of this story is that the slayed dragon represents the original reptilian royalty of Europe, supported by the vatican. The templar knights who adopted the white shield with the red cross did so because after their order was destroyed by French monarch "Philip the Fair" they left France (their old base) and sought refuge on the British Isles. The French monarch rounded up and effectively destroyed the templar order on Friday the 13th of October, 1307. The last grand master of the templar order, Jacque de Molay, was burnt at the stake seven years later, in 1314. The templar order escaped first to Scotland and then to York and now they are firmly in charge of London. What the templar shield, the shield of "St George" behind which a winged reptilian stands means is that the templar order have the support of the reptilian overlords on the British isles.

When you enter the "City of London", that one square-mile block of finance, from whichever direction (north, south, east, west) you find these statues of winged reptilians holding the shield of St George. This is the emblem of the rebel reptilian group, those that rebelled against the main European (reptilian) royalty. Their rebellion had off-world implications as well. The rebels changed their allegiance from the main Orion queen (reptilian monarch) to the female reptilian power that has influence in this part of the galaxy.

The templar influence survives in London. Their Orion slave technology (the debt/monetary system) that the templar knights institutionalized on the European continent was brought to the British Isles. They have the backing and protection of the reptilian overlords on these Isles. These reptilians have declared their stand for all to see. They are standing behind and holding the shield of "St George", the one who slew the dragon (Drakon/Draco-n).

My first time in London was kinda awkward since I felt this gloomy energy all around and I didn`t like it...
Later on I saw that it isn`t all around the city itself ,on particular places-yes.

Thank-you for responding, Beren. Jordan Maxwell spoke of feeling an 'Occult Power' when he visited the Vatican. I continue to theorize that the Vatican, the City of London, Washington D.C., the United Nations, and the 'Secret Government' -- contain some of the most serious problems in the world -- as well as having the potential to 'save the world' if they were properly reformed. I'm trying to conceptualize this by pretending to be an 'Insider-Outsider' -- as both friend and foe. I recently joked about being issued a badge to give me unlimited access to all of the above -- so as to observe how things 'really work' and to then write daily reports and recommendations -- which would have to be taken seriously!! I'm sure they're sweating in the City-States!! I've got them on the run now!!

What if the Washington National Cathedral were the Ceremonial Headquarters of the Hypothetical 'United States of the Solar System'? What if the best aspects of the Monarchy, Papacy, Presidency, United-Nations, and Secret-Government were incorporated into a U.S.S.S.?? I like to think idealistically -- yet I suspect that even the best plans would be immediately infiltrated, subverted, and corrupted. I simply see nothing but conflict in my 'crystal-ball'. Just look at history -- but now we have bigger bombs -- so as to create even greater carnage.

Once again, just as a mental and spiritual excercise, consider an integration of:

1. The 1898 'Desire of Ages' by Ellen White.
2. The 1928 'Book of Common Prayer'.
3. The 'Federalist Papers'.
4. The Music of J.S. Bach.

Does anyone see my point? Is this an excercise in futility? I'm trying to be eclectic-ecumenical -- minimalist-traditionalist -- and evolutionary-transformationalist. Thinking about this integration might help to prepare us to achieve a significant progressive solution. I certainly don't have everything figured-out. I don't know it all. Without being an insider, I can't possibly know what's 'really going on'. However, I continue to be terrified by what I think might be going on. I sense that this entire solar system could go up in smoke at any moment -- and that we really are on the brink of extinction -- deliberately-inflicted or otherwise. How do we put the Genie Back in the Bottle? How do we reverse the madness? How do we bring light to this present darkness? I fear that it might already be too late -- but I so hope that I'm wrong.
What about having the United States of the Solar System -- and the Solar System Council of Churches -- based at Camp David -- with special ceremonies and events held at the Washington National Cathedral? I hope you all understand that I'm trying to stimulate thinking relative to Solar System Governance. I think the 'Good-Stuff' will result from extrapolating from this thread (or other discussions of solar system governance). This thread is just to get the ball rolling. I'm trying to morph into a United States of the Solar System Representative -- but I know this is largely an entertaining excercise in futility. I'm serious when I speak of access to the City-States, the United Nations, the Secret Government, the Underground Bases, and the Secret Government -- as an Observer and Inside Reporter of Sorts -- but the more I think about all of this, the more frightened and disoriented I become. Actually, that 600 square-foot office-apartment with a Cray and a Fisk -- with access to live-feeds of everything interesting -- would probably cover 95% of the territory. Probably being an 'Insider' will take on less and less significance in a United States of the Solar System -- with more and more openness -- with fewer and fewer secrets. Everyone might have the opportunity to access the 'good-stuff'. We might simply be limited by time and comprehension. Badges and access might not make much difference. There's really more than enough information presently available on the internet -- and the challenge is to properly process everything in a productive manner. In many respects, access might not get me where I presently envision that it might. The grass is always greener somewhere else -- although I think it might be cool to sit in on important meetings, and occasionally travel into space -- but once the novelty wore off, it might get boring -- or the material covered in the meetings and briefings might be so upsetting, that I'd wish to get as far away from the center of things, as possible. Still, it's fun to dream. I just wish there were others to share the dream with. This thread continues to be mostly ignored -- or at least not commented upon.
I keep feeling attacked. I keep feeling as if I'm failing at doing what I was supposed to do. Unfortunately, no one will tell me who I really am, or what I was supposed to do. I keep trying to help -- but very few will even talk to me. I feel as if I am existing within another dimension 24/7. I feel like I'm fighting 24/7. I am fatigued, disillusioned, frustrated, and miserable 24/7. There are many who are aware of my predicament, who know all about what I struggle with, who could clear-up all of my confusion, yet refuse to do so. I seem to have been deliberately left to twist slowly, slowly in the wind. Something creepy occurred right when the original Project Avalon site was shut-down. There was a very strange Close Encounter several months later. There was a mysterious death I was told of, right around Christmas 2010. Then came Fukushima. Then, something really strange happened in the Summer of 2011. Also, there is something strange and ongoing, which I do not wish to speak of. What the hell is going on?? Why is all of this a mysterious and creepy secret? I keep feeling as if I screwed-up big-time -- yet I don't know exactly how. I feel like the dog who gets kicked -- without knowing why they got kicked -- for something they did wrong -- five years previously. I feel like a Goody-Goody Rebel Gone-Bad. I feel a bit like Anakin (in 'Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith'). I've told you a lot in this thread -- in very round-about ways -- and I could tell you a lot more -- but why go to the trouble -- when no one really seems to understand, or give a damn??? It's almost enough to make a man turn to the Dark Side of the Force. Was that the Last Temptation of Christ? Will this be the Last Temptation for All of Us?? The Test Must Come to Every Soul.
I just wanted to say that Carol, Mercuriel, Brook, and Lionhawk make this site extremely interesting and worthwhile. Thank-you for your insights. I seem to have to deal with a lot of second-hand information. I don't have a title or a badge -- and I won't do anything even remotely creepy -- so I seem to be reduced to doing what I'm doing on this site. I'm not happy about my plight in life -- but unfortunately, this is my reality -- and it's not a nice one. I think I'd be much better-off not thinking about any of this fringe and esoteric stuff. I should've followed-through in becoming a Medical Doctor -- kept going to church -- and kept believing the lies. Waking-up (or attempting to wake-up) is so overrated. On the other hand -- perhaps I should've accepted that invitation to join the Masons -- even though I hear that a lot of the high-ranking Masons are perfectly-possessed. Would that count as being a First-Hand-Experiencer?? What Would Poppy Say?? What Would Magog Do??

There was a very strange Close Encounter several months later. There was a mysterious death I was told of, right around Christmas 2010. Then came Fukushima. Then, something really strange happened in the Summer of 2011. Also, there is something strange and ongoing, which I do not wish to speak of. What the hell is going on?? Why is all of this a mysterious and creepy secret?

Actually Oxy, I am interested. Which one do you want to start with? And the strange and ongoing that you don't what to speak about of course is what I'm most curious about.

OM, we can not know with our human minds everything that is going on but, we can train ourselves to sense what is going on in the web of life which can be more relevant to us in our personal lives

We have been trained to look outside for answers, but the outside only gives us clues about what we are seeking

I do read books like you, I like books. Some books are toxic, others are refreshing and inspire our imagination to do wonderful things

For example, Michael Tsarion has compiled a lot of evidence regarding the true origins of civilization. Personally I think he is right in many of his ideas. On the other hand I do not agree with his ideas regarding the macrobes. I think what pesters humanity is our own thought forms and vices

You will often find that because we are in a personal quest to know ourselves we reflect each other things we need to learn. Other people trigger us and those are the places we need to grow

More than anything love yourself as you are and build from there. You are to yourself the most precious being, the only one you should follow

Thank-you Mercuriel, Carol, and ceridwen. I really can't talk about the mysterious occurrances. I haven't signed a non-disclosure agreement -- and I haven't been told to keep my mouth shut -- but I have a strong personal ethic regarding what to say and what not to say. I hint at a lot of things -- and leave it at that.

Once again, I consider most all of the subjects we discuss -- in a science-fictional context -- including the work of Joseph Farell -- and the Anglican Communion. I recommend reading Joseph Farrell's 'SS Brotherhood of the Bell' -- even if it contains inaccuracies and misrepresentations (and I don't know that it does). I have actively participated in the Episcopal church -- to gain a better perspective on Catholicism, Protestantism, and my Adventist roots -- but I certainly don't buy a lot of what they have promoted historically, or what they promote presently. However, I do lean toward 'The Middle Way'. I would love to have a heart to heart talk with Joseph Farrell, because I think we have a lot in common -- but he is a helluva lot better researcher than I'll ever be. I continue to attempt to be honest -- about my personal experience -- and about life, the universe, and everything. I completely understand Positive-Thinking and Self-Esteem -- but I consciously lean toward self-incrimination, self-deprecation, and wishy-washy irreverent-doubting -- even if it means sinking myself completely. In a sense -- I'm a mess -- and proud of it. What am I saying??!!

Are we really dealing with the following Factions in Conflict??

1. Draconian-Reptilian Faction.
2. Grey-Reptilian Faction.
3. Human-Reptilian Faction.

Are the above Hypothetical Factions most closely associated with the City-States??

1. The Vatican.
2. The City of London.
3. Washington D.C.

Is the origin of all of the above centered in Orion? Is all of the above a mixture of good and evil? Is all of the above a mixture of sanity and insanity? How would all of the above relate to a United States of the Solar System? As a human-being (in this incarnation anyway) I lean strongly toward a Human Solar System -- without burning the bridges with other races and civilizations. I am attempting to not be arrogant -- but I really do not want any Trojan Horses whatsoever. I realize that the Devil is in the details, and in the fine-print -- and I would want the best Philadelphia Lawyers to examine any agreements or documents with a scanning electron microscope. I mean well, but I am not a shifty and crafty Illuminati kind of guy -- and I could conceivably be duped rather easily. I recognize my limitations -- which are rather substantial.

Would a United States of the Solar System really have to be based in the United States of America? Could the best aspects of the Monarchy, Papacy, Presidency, United Nations, and the Secret Government -- be properly and constructively incorporated into a United States of the Solar System?? Would Camp David and the Washington National Cathedral be the appropriate headquarters for a United States of the Solar System -- and a Solar System Council of Churches?? Would this be Big Government at its worst -- or would it be Progressive-Minimalist-Tradionalist?? Think long and hard about all of this -- before doing a damn thing. Getting it right from the beginning is a helluva lot easier than cleaning up a mess...

OM I do think the Nazi problem was not resolved with WWII. Just look at what is happening in the US with the TSA. It resembles past trends with more sophisticated technology

Can't comment about alien's because I have never seen one. I have seen teachers and guides in my inner journeys but they look like totem animals or normal people. I don't think I could define them as aliens

There are 5 human factions in conflict, none of them are governments: Rothschild, Rockefeller, Romanoff, the Chinesse mafia and the Japanese mafia. No secret here, just what transpires from the economic war as it is unfolding in the newspapers

If I was a "elite" I would not live in a main city. Perhaps Switzerland, Brazil, Monaco or any remote island? A tax free place like the Cayman Islands, Nevis, Jersey?

Just my wild thoughts

Thank-you ceridwen. I have purposely not talked about the Japanese and Chinese -- because I don't know a lot about them -- and I consider the City-States, the United Nations, and the Secret Government -- to be the most pressing issues. I mean the Japanese and Chinese absolutely no harm -- and I admire their historic culture and ways. I would never dream of destroying their historic way of life -- politically or spiritually. I just started re-reading Courtney Brown's 'Cosmic Voyage' -- and he points toward two distinct ET races prominently active in this solar system. If one adds humanity -- that makes three factions. I keep seeing 'THREE' -- over and over again. I also keep seeing Glorified-Middlemen and Useful-Idiots masquerading as the Powers That Be. I think the Nazi thing might predate the existence of humanity within this solar system. I think a lot of things might go back to Ancient Rome, Greece, Egypt, Babylon, Sirius, Aldebaran, and Orion. I'm not sure how the Pleiades might fit into all of this. I'm not sure about much of anything. Again, all of this is science-fiction to me. Have you read 'Rise of the Fourth Reich' by Jim Marrs? There does seem to be an overlap of the Jim Marrs and Joseph Farrell material -- which also dovetails with the work of Bill Cooper, Alex Collier, and Branton. I keep wondering if the German-Nazi-Facist phenomenon and the Roman-Empire-Church were (and are?) corruptions of an Ancient Idealistic Plan???!!! Could they be representative of the TWO ET FACTIONS???!!!

orthodoxymoron wrote:Thank-you ceridwen. I have purposely not talked about the Japanese and Chinese -- because I don't know a lot about them -- and I consider the City-States, the United Nations, and the Secret Government -- to be the most pressing issues. I mean the Japanese and Chinese absolutely no harm -- and I admire their historic culture and ways. I would never dream of destroying their historic way of life -- politically or spiritually. I just started re-reading Courtney Brown's 'Cosmic Voyagers' -- and he points toward two distinct ET races prominently active in this solar system. If one adds humanity -- that makes three factions. I keep seeing 'THREE' -- over and over again. I also keep seeing Glorified-Middlemen and Useful-Idiots masquerading as the Powers That Be. I think the Nazi thing might predate the existence of humanity within this solar system. I think a lot of things might go back to Ancient Rome, Greece, Egypt, Babylon, Sirius, Aldebaran, and Orion. I'm not sure how the Pleiades might fit into all of this. I'm not sure about much of anything. Again, all of this is science-fiction to me. Have you read 'Rise of the Fourth Reich' by Jim Marrs? There does seem to be an overlap of the Jim Marrs and Joseph Farrell material -- which also dovetails with the work of Bill Cooper, Alex Collier, and Branton.

OM, as I mentioned before I can not comment about aliens because it is all hearsay. There is no real evidence and I have not meet any. I do think there are other inhabited planets but, if they were in the solar system and were technological able there will be commerce with them, that is not the case. Something as big as alien visitations can not be hidden for more than 50 years IMHO

There are other researchers of the UFO phenomena like Karla Turner and Jacques Vallee who offer a different perspective, perhaps they are worth exploring

I am rather sceptical but that is just me

There is a reference in Michael Tasarion's "Irish Origins of Human Civilization" regarding the Thuata de Daman being from Sirius but there is no evidence in the Welsh Druidic writings of being so. Bearing in mind that the Druids considered the stars as part of our inner microcosmos it might be that we are talking about different parts of individual spirits that have different characteristics which is the case more often than not with mythology

What might complicate all of this is if the Human Race is a Recent Renegade Subset of an Ancient Traditional Reptilian Race. What if We the People are part of the Orion Group? Perhaps WE ARE ET. Perhaps there is Secret Taxation by ET and Secret Commerce with ET??!! I have encountered at least one individual who was at least superhuman (if not Hybrid-ET). What if there is a secret branch of the Bank of Sirius -- and the Orion Financial Group or Chase Aldebaran Bank -- in the City of London???!!! I wouldn't necessarily object to Integalactic Commerce -- but I do NOT want Intergalactic Exploitation -- or Intergalactic Taxation Without Representation!!

I don't know OM, anything is possible but not all is provable

This whole thread is my feeble attempt at a type of science-fiction which MIGHT be reality. Most of this is pseudo-intellectual speculation -- and I don't represent it as being anything more than that. I support Political and Theological Science-Fiction as a methodology for considering everything from all angles -- and for considering all of the possibilities -- before arriving at a conclusion. I have to take this approach as an outsider. I would even utilize this methodology if I were an insider -- but I would love to have the much more substantial database which would come with the territory, and which would be part of the deal.

orthodoxymoron wrote:This whole thread is my feeble attempt at a type of science-fiction which MIGHT be reality. Most of this is pseudo-intellectual speculation -- and I don't represent it as being anything more than that. I support Political and Theological Science-Fiction as a methodology for considering everything from all angles -- and for considering all of the possibilities -- before arriving at a conclusion. I have to take this approach as an outsider. I would even utilize this methodology if I were an insider -- but I would love to have the much more substantial database which would come with the territory, and which would be part of the deal.

Go for ir OM, you do know a lot of information that can make your novel a success. Express yourself and let your imagination run riot