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    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?

    orthodoxymoron
    orthodoxymoron


    Posts : 13316
    Join date : 2010-09-28
    Location : The Matrix

    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Empty Who Are Lilith and Enlil?

    Post  orthodoxymoron Fri Mar 02, 2012 3:43 pm

    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Lilith1-340x318Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  SG1-905-0008Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Cap056-1Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  1001_04
    "I Was a Good God!!!"

    Red Alert!!

    I'm increasingly thinking of the 'Illuminati and Other Elites' as being 'Corrupted Errand Boys and Girls in the Middle of a Nasty Galactic Civil War'. They might ultimately answer to one or more very powerful Reptilian Queen(s). I have no idea what the real deal is regarding Solar System Governance, but I've been poking and prodding for at least a couple of years now -- with very mixed results. If Humanity is a Recent Subset of an Ancient Reptilian Race -- there might be several Reptilian Factions fighting over what happens to Humanity. Looking at Everything from All Angles, Always -- is a good thing -- but it takes a lot of work, and it doesn't necessarily win friends. When one takes both sides, you often end-up getting beat-up by both sides. I feel as if this is presently happening to me -- and I'm running for cover. It's the creepy and violent aspects of the PTB which especially trouble me -- but I don't object to having wise and powerful 'advisors' lurking in the shadows -- who speak when spoken to. The seemingly 'Infant' Human Race seems to be on some sort of a 'Galactic Hit-List' -- and the Illuminati and Other Elites seem to be assisting the Galactic PTB in carrying out the 'Hit'. I so hope that I'm wrong. I so want everything to be loving and happy -- but I'm not holding my breath -- waiting for Hell to freeze over. It Seems As Though the Bastards That Be Will Precipitate World War Three -- Whether Anyone Wants It Or Not -- With or Without the New World Order. The BTB Seem to Want Us Dead. Period. If there is indeed, an Orion-Sirius-Egyptian-Roman Empire -- administered in this solar system by a Reincarnating Osiris-Isis-Horus-Set Royal Family -- with ALL NUCLEAR PROGRAMS under Central Control -- how might we properly understand the latest episodes of 'Managed Insanity'? What if we are dealing with Osiris as the Powerful God the Father? What if Horus is a rebellious, disowned, disenfranchised, disempowered God the Son? What if Isis has somewhat ambitiously and ruthlessly ruled the Earth (while attempting to hold the 'Family' together? What if Set is sinister, opportunistic, adventuresome (and very polite) -- and is now in conflict with just about everyone -- in sort of a standoff situation? What if Horus is still on the outside -- and doesn't know what the hell is going on? Stay tuned for the latest episode of 'East of Giza'. If any of this is true -- this is so sad, that it's actually funny. But then I have a really twisted sense of humor. I've learned to laugh and cry -- simultaneously.


    What if we are really dealing with a monumental galactic power-struggle to control the Universal Church Theocracy? What if the Roman Catholic Church is the Local Branch of this hypothetical Universal Church Theocracy? What if the RCC is a punishing and controlling version of a very positive church-state model? We need to be VERY careful to NOT throw out the baby with the bathwater. As I poke and prod -- I continue to contemplate working with Idealized and Reformed versions of the Monarchy, Papacy, Illuminati, Nazis, Masons, Jesuits, et al. That might not be PC, but I don't really care. I'm trying to put the brakes on my speculation and posting. I'm frankly intending to spend a lot of time watching the BBC News -- even though I live in the United States. All Roads Lead to Rome -- but the Nerve Center might very well reside somewhere within England, the Moon, Sirius, and Orion. What if Lilith was a Reptilian Queen aka Archangel (Michael?) who was responsible for the 'creation' or 'genetic-engineering' of Male and Female Human Beings (with Interdimensional Reptilian Souls) aka 'Adam and Eve' -- and offered them Responsible Freedom rather than Absolute Obedience? What if 33.33% of the Interdimensional Reptilians aka Angels chose to leave their Hermaphrodite Reptilian Physicality and enter Male and Female Human Physicality? What if this was the 'Fall', the 'Original and Unpardonable Sin' -- and the cause of the 'War in Heaven'? What if the soul of Lilith later reincarnated as various key historical figures -- both male and female? What if two rival Archangels remained in Hermaphrodite Reptilian physicality -- and have been fighting against Humanity for a very long time? What if the Quest of the Historical Jesus leads all the way back to Lilith? What if Michael = Second in Command = Lilith = Enki = Lucifer = Hathor = Isis = Queen of Heaven = King David = Various Pharaohs = Jesus = Michelangelo = ???? (among others)? Don't crucify me for suggesting this. As you know, I am freely sharing my speculations with anyone who might be interested. I don't spread this sort of thing anywhere beyond this website. I'm toying with the concept of Three Key Reptilian Queens from Orion and/or Sirius -- fighting for power in this solar system -- and possibly beyond. I have absolutely no idea if this is true -- and I mean absolutely no disrespect to anyone or any belief system. I'm more conservative and more liberal than you can imagine. I haven't been in a mad rush to discover the truth. I could go about this quest in a much more efficient manner. I have chosen to go slow and informal -- for who knows what reasons. I know not what I do. I don't recommend the mental-modeling I engage in. I don't proselytize. I don't even try to make a fast buck (although I probably should). This is just more Political and Theological Science-Fiction -- which I try to make as reality-based as possible -- yet I offer abundant disclaimers and no guarantees. But really, contemplate the possibility of an Ancient Universe with an Ancient Race of Non-Human Beings -- with Ancient Traditions. Then, imagine a smart and ambitious Reptilian Queen who tries to 'improve' things -- Genetically and Governmentally -- and starts a Huge Galactic Holy War. Is this any more farfetched than most of the theories and theologies? Believe it or not, I am attempting to make Christianity work. I am attempting to defend Christianity in a VERY unorthodox manner. I couldn't do this sort of thing as a clergyperson or professor of theology. At one point, I thought I wanted to be a televangelist -- but I'm glad I didn't go down that road -- although I think it would've been a blast. What if one interprets the Old Testament in terms of Ancient Reptilian Race v Infant Human Race? The Bible should probably be an integral part of alternative and esoteric research -- regardless of whether one believes in God or not. God might not believe in us -- and possibly for legitimate reasons. Just more speculation.

    I guess the Absolute Truth for Me is Responsibility. A close second is probably the Scientific Method. Considering and testing a variety of theories and speculations is an integral part of the scientific method. I lack the resources to adequately follow-through on my questions and speculations -- but I trust that there are others -- both friend and foe -- who have the ability to do so -- and that some actually exercise this ability -- for better or worse. Once again, I consider most of my activities to be Political and Theological Science Fiction -- wherein I attempt to approximate reality -- even if I have little or no proof. This might be an excercise in futility, and a tempest in a teapot, but it's what I do. They say 'it takes all kinds' but I often wonder why? My raison d' etre often seems unreasonable. BTW -- what if Lilith is the Complete Hypothetical Reincarnational Osiris-Isis-Horus-Set Royal Family from Sirius? And what if Lilith has had to fight unimaginable battles, for thousands of years, to keep Male and Female Human Physicality and Responsible Freedom alive in a universe which remains hostile to such heresy? Might Lilith be the 'Sovereign Queen of the Air' who came to Tibet from Sirius to conduct hybridization experiments -- which Nicholas Roerich spoke of? Might Lilith have played the parts of various key males and females - humans and other than humans -- friends and foes -- throughout history? What if Lilith is at the center of 'The Biggest Secret'? I have no idea. I have no idea who I am. I suspect that I'm an old soul of some sort. I have been told that I am. But I am extremely apprehensive regarding my next incarnation (or lack thereof). This generation seems to be on the final approach to some sort of looming fate -- which might be the End of Male and Female Human Physicality and Responsible Freedom. What if we are dealing with the King and Queen of Heaven -- and Archangel Gabriel? What if the Queen of Heaven was Lilith? What if there were an ancient and nasty divorce? What if the King and Queen of Heaven are still fighting over the kids? What if Archangel Gabriel has been serving as a Stand-In Queen of Heaven for thousands of years? What if the King of Heaven and Archangel Gabriel have been the Prosecuting Attorneys against Lilith and the Human Race for thousands of years? What if they have been somewhat corrupt and brutal in this hypothetical prosecution? What if Lilith has been relatively powerless for thousands of years? Consider watching 'Stargate Continuum' with the Goa'uld being Draconian Reptilians -- and Kitesh aka Vala Mal Doran as being Lilith. (Kitesh as a Drac -- and Vala as a Human) Watch the 'Hungry Earth' and 'Cold Blood' episodes of 'Dr. Who' -- and imagine the Reptilian Beings as being the previously mentioned 'Stargate' characters -- and the other way around. Use your imagination. See how my sci-fi works? It makes you work! Notice especially the introduction to 'Cold Blood'. It must never be forgotten. I continue to think we live in an insane situation -- and to remain sane is probably insane. I have a rather conservative core -- but I manifest this core in some rather liberal and unorthodox ways. I use the methodology of 'theme and variations' which is really a musical modality, yet which can be effectively utilized in a variety of contexts, including within the 'Mists'. My final answer is 'orthodoxymoron' as both problem and solution. I really and truly am only scratching the surface of some very deep subjects. Besides, 'sanity' and 'insanity' are relative terms. After all -- What is 'Normal'?



    Last edited by orthodoxymoron on Wed Mar 07, 2012 2:41 am; edited 4 times in total
    orthodoxymoron
    orthodoxymoron


    Posts : 13316
    Join date : 2010-09-28
    Location : The Matrix

    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Empty Re: Who Are Lilith and Enlil?

    Post  orthodoxymoron Sat Mar 03, 2012 9:05 pm

    Here is the Wikipedia link for 'Lilith'. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilith

    Lilith (Hebrew: לילית‎; lilit, or lilith) is a character in Jewish mythology, developed earliest in the Babylonian Talmud, who is generally thought to be related to a class of female demons Līlīṯu in Mesopotamian texts. However, Lowell K. Handy (1997) notes, "Very little information has been found relating to the Akkadian and Babylonian view of these demons. Two sources of information previously used to define Lilith are both suspect."[1] The two problematic sources are the Gilgamesh appendix and the Arslan Tash amulets, which are discussed below.[2]

    The term Lilith occurs in Isaiah 34:14, either singular or plural according to variations in the earliest manuscripts, though in a list of animals. In the Dead Sea Scrolls Songs of the Sage the term first occurs in a list of monsters. In Jewish magical inscriptions, on bowls and amulets from the 6th century CE onwards, Lilith is identified as a female demon and the first visual depictions appear.

    In Jewish folklore, from the 8th–10th centuries Alphabet of Ben Sira onwards, Lilith becomes Adam's first wife, who was created at the same time and from the same earth as Adam. This contrasts with Eve, who was created from one of Adam's ribs. The legend was greatly developed during the Middle Ages, in the tradition of Aggadic midrashim, the Zohar and Jewish mysticism.[3] In the 13th Century writings of Rabbi Isaac ben Jacob ha-Cohen, for example, Lilith left Adam after she refused to become subservient to him and then would not return to the Garden of Eden after she mated with archangel Samael.[4] The resulting Lilith legend is still commonly used as source material in modern Western culture, literature, occultism, fantasy, and horror.

    The semitic root L-Y-L layil in Hebrew, as layl in Arabic, means "night". Talmudic and Yiddish use of Lilith follows Hebrew.

    In Akkadian the terms lili and līlītu mean spirits. Some uses of līlītu are listed in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD, 1956, L.190), in Wolfram von Soden's Akkadisches Handwörterbuch (AHw, p. 553), and Reallexikon der Assyriologie (RLA, p. 47).[5] The Sumerian she-demons lili have no etymologic relation to Akkadian lilu, "evening".[6]

    Archibald Sayce (1882)[7] considered that Hebrew lilit (or lilith) Hebrew: לילית‎; and Akkadian: līlītu are from proto-Semitic. Charles Fossey (1902)[8] has this literally translating to "female night being/demon", although cuneiform inscriptions exist where Līlīt and Līlītu refers to disease-bearing wind spirits.[citation needed] Another possibility is association not with "night", but with "wind", thus identifying the Akkadian Lil-itu as a loan from the Sumerian lil, "air" — specifically from Ninlil, "lady air", goddess of the south wind (and wife of Enlil) — and itud, "moon".[citation needed]

    Although widely repeated in secondary and tertiary sources the possible references to Lilith in Mesopotamian mythology are now disputed:

    Samuel Noah Kramer (1932, published 1938)[9] translated ki-sikil-lil-la-ke as Lilith in "Tablet XII" of the Epic of Gilgamesh dated c.600 BC. "Tablet XII" is not part of the Epic of Gilgamesh, but is a later Akkadian translation of the latter part of the Sumerian poem of Bilgames and the Netherworld.[10] The ki-sikil-lil-la-ke is associated with a serpent and a zu bird,[11] In Bilgames and the Netherworld, a huluppu tree (willow) grows in Inanna's garden in Uruk, whose wood she plans to use to build a new throne. After ten years of growth, she comes to harvest it and finds a serpent living at its base, a Zu bird raising young in its crown, and that a ki-sikil-lil-la-ke made a house in its trunk. Bilgames/Gilgamesh is said to have smitten the snake, and then the zu bird flew away to the mountains with its young, while the ki-sikil-lil-la-ke fearfully destroys its house and runs for the forest.[12][13] Kramer's identification is repeated without question or justification by Manfred Hutter in the article on Lilith in Dictionary of deities and demons in the Bible (1999).[14] According to a new source from Late Antiquity the Lilith(s) appear(s) in a Mandaic magic story where she (they) is (are) considered to represent the branch(es) of a tree with other demonic figures that form other parts of the tree.[15]

    Suggested translations for the Tablet XII spirit in the tree include ki-sikil as "sacred place", lil as "spirit", and lil-la-ke as "water spirit".[16] but also simply "owl", given that the lil is building a home in the trunk of the tree.[17]

    A connection between the Gilgamesh ki-sikil-lil-la-ke and the Jewish Lilith was rejected by Dietrich Opitz (1932)[18] and other scholars, finally being rejected on textual grounds by Sergio Ribichini (1978).[19]

    Burney Relief, Babylon (1800-1750 BCE). The figure in the relief was sometimes identified with Lilith, based on a misreading of an outdated translation of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Modern research has identified the figure as either Ishtar or Ereshkigal.Kramer's translation of the Gilgamesh fragment was used by Henri Frankfort (1937)[20] and Emil Kraeling (1937)[21] to support identification of a woman with wings and bird-feet in the Burney Relief as related to Lilith, but this too is rejected by more recent scholarship.[22]

    The Arslan Tash amulets are limestone plaques discovered in 1933 at Arslan Tash, the authenticity of which is disputed. William F. Albright, Theodor H. Gaster,[23] and others, accepted the amulets as a pre-Jewish source which shows that the name Lilith already existed in 7th century BC but Torczyner (1947) identified the amulets as a later Jewish source.[24]

    The word lilu means spirit in Akkadian Language, and the male lili and female lilitu are found in incantation texts from Nippur, Babylonia c600 BC in both singular and plural forms.[25] Among the spirits the vardat lilitu, or maiden spirit bears some comparison with later Talmudic legends of Lilith.[26][27][28][29] A lili is related to witchcraft in the Sumerian incantation Text 313.[30]

    Much of the popular information found in non-academic sources regarding Lilith is taken from reprints of out-of-copyright works which are now outdated,[31] for example Moses Gaster (1880),[32] R. Campbell Thompson (1908),[33] W. O. E. Oesterley (1930),[34] and confuses Jewish and Assyrian sources.

    According to Siegmund Hurwitz, the figure of Lilith first appeared in a class of wind and storm demons or spirits as lilitu, in Sumer, circa 4000 BC.[35] The phonetic name Lilith is traditionally thought[by whom?] to have originated (as lilit) in Ancient Israel, and to have pre-dated at least 700 BC.[36]

    Akkad, who were the earliest known Semitic speakers, and Sumer, who were the earliest civilizations inhabiting Mesopotamia, developed a very intimate cultural symbiosis with widespread bilingualism.[37] The bilateral influence of Sumerian and Akkadian is evident in all areas,[37] including syncretism between their gods, where each adopted the other's deities.[38] In Sumerian, Lilith was referred to as Ki-sikil-lil-la-ke, in Akkadian it was Ardat-lili.[39] The Assyrian and Babylonian cultures descended from these early cultures.

    According to Siegmund Hurwitz, Lilith retained her Shedim characteristics throughout the entire Jewish tradition.[40] Shedim is plural for "spirit" or "demon". Figures that represent shedim are the shedu of Babylonian mythology. These figures were depicted as anthropomorphic, winged bulls, associated with wind. They were thought to guard palaces, cities, houses, and temples. In magical texts of that era, they could be either malevolent or benevolent.[41] The cult originated from Babylon, then spread to Canaan and eventually to Israel.[42] Human sacrifice was part of the practice and a sacrificial altar existed to the shedim next to that of the Yahweh cultus, although this practice was widely denounced by prophets who retained belief in Yahweh.[43]

    In Jewish thought and literature Shedim were portrayed as quite malevolent. Some writings contend that they are storm-demons. Their creation is presented in three contradicting Jewish tales. The first is that during Creation, God created the shedim, but did not create their bodies and forgot them on the Shabbat when he rested. The second is that they are descendants of demons in the form of serpents, and the last states that they are simply descendants of Adam and Lilith. Another story asserts that after the Tower of Babel, some people were scattered and became Shedim, Ruchin, and Lilin.[citation needed]

    Another proposed connection to Lilith is on the Sumerian king list, where Gilgamesh's father is named as Lilû.[44][45] Little is known of Lilû, Li in Sumerian means "Lord" and Lu means " shepherd". {{unrelated to this particular lilu |and he was said to interfere with women in their sleep and had functions of an incubus,[46] while Lilû [47] appeared to men in their erotic dreams.[48][49][50] Such qualities as lalu, or wandering about, and lulu, from Akkadian (Semitic) language have been associated as sources for the names Lila and Lilitû,[51] but some sumerologists[who?] say Lilû is purely Sumerian.[44]

    The Assyrian lilitû were said to prey upon children and women[52] and were described as associated with lions, storms, desert, and disease.[citation needed] Early portrayals of such demons are known as having Zu bird talons for feet and wings.[53] They were highly sexually predatory towards men but were unable to copulate normally. They were thought to dwell in waste, desolate, and desert places. Like the Sumerian Dimme, a male wind demon named Pazuzu was thought to be effective against them.[54]

    Lilith's epithet was "the beautiful maiden".[citation needed] She was described as having no milk in her breasts and as unable to bear any children.[49][55]

    Other storm and night demons from a similar class are recorded from Akkadian texts[which?] around this period. The Ardat-lili[citation needed] is from Ardatû,[citation needed] which is a young unmarried woman or maiden, also sometimes a title of prostitutes, and lilitû.[56] These "maiden liltû" would come to men in their sleep and beget children from them.[citation needed] Sick men would also be described as being seized by Ardat-lili[48] Their male counterparts, similar to an incubus, were the Irdû-lili[57] These demons were originally storm and wind demons; however, later etymology made them into night demons.[58]

    Lamashtû or Labartu (in Sumerian Dimme) was a very similar Mesopotamian demon to Lilitû, and Lilith seems to have inherited many of Lamashtû's myths.[59] She was considered a demi-goddess and daughter of Anu, the sky god.[60] Many incantations against her mention her status as a daughter of heaven and her exercising her free will over infants. This makes her different from the rest of the demons in Mesopotamia. Unlike her demonic peers, Lamashtû was not instructed by the gods to do her malevolence; she did it on her own accord. She was believed to seduce men, harm pregnant women, mothers, and neonates, kill foliage, and drink blood and was a cause of disease, sickness, and death. Some incantations[which?] describe her as "seven witches".[61] The space between her legs is as a scorpion, corresponding to the astrological sign of Scorpio. (Scorpio rules the genitals and sex organs.)[62] Her head is that of a lion, she has Anzu bird feet like Lilitû,[63] her breasts are suckled by a pig and a dog, and she rides the back of a donkey.[64] Other texts[which?] mention Lamashtû as the hand of Inanna/Ishtar in place of Lilitû and Ardat-lili.[65]

    Two other Mesopotamian demons have a close relation to Lilitû: Gallû and Alû.[66] Alû was originally an asexual demon, who took on female attributes, but later became a male demon.[citation needed] Alû liked to roam the streets like a stray dog at night and creep into people's bedrooms as they slept to terrify them.[citation needed] He was described as being half-human and half-devil. He appears in Jewish lore[where?] as Ailo[citation needed]; here, he is used as one of Lilith's secret names[citation needed]. In other texts,[which?] Ailo is a daughter of Lilith's that has had intercourse with a man . The other demon, Gallû, is of the Utukkû group[citation needed]. Gallû’s name, like Utukkû, was also used as a general term[where?] for multiple demons.[67] Later[when?] Gallû appears as Gello, Gylo, or Gyllou in Greco–Byzantine mythology[which?] as a child-stealing and child-killing demon[citation needed]. This figure was, likewise, adapted by the Jews as Gilû and was also considered a secret name of Lilith's.[68]

    Stephen Langdon (1914) claims that Babylonian texts depict Lilitû as the sacred prostitute of the goddess Ishtar, the Assyrian and Babylonian counterpart to the Sumerian Inanna.[69] Hurwitz similarly claims that older Sumerian accounts assert that Lilitû is called the handmaiden of Inanna or "hand of Inanna" . The Sumerian texts[which?] state, "Inanna has sent the beautiful, unmarried, and seductive prostitute Lilitû out into the fields and streets in order to lead men astray." That is why Lilitû is called the "hand of Inanna".[70][71]

    There is an ongoing scholarly debate as to whether the concept of Lilith occurs in the Bible. The only possible occurrence is in the Book of Isaiah 34:13–15, describing the desolation of Edom, where the Hebrew word lilit (or lilith) appears in a list of eight unclean animals, some of which may have demonic associations. Since the word lilit (or lilith) is a hapax legomenon in the Hebrew Bible and the other seven terms in the list are better documented, the reading of scholars and translators is often guided by a decision about the complete list of eight creatures as a whole.[72][73] Quoting from Isaiah 34 (NAB):

    (12) Her nobles shall be no more, nor shall kings be proclaimed there; all her princes are gone. (13) Her castles shall be overgrown with thorns, her fortresses with thistles and briers. She shall become an abode for jackals and a haunt for ostriches. (14) Wildcats shall meet with desert beasts, satyrs shall call to one another; There shall the lilith repose, and find for herself a place to rest. (15) There the hoot owl shall nest and lay eggs, hatch them out and gather them in her shadow; There shall the kites assemble, none shall be missing its mate. (16) Look in the book of the LORD and read: No one of these shall be lacking, For the mouth of the LORD has ordered it, and his spirit shall gather them there. (17) It is he who casts the lot for them, and with his hands he marks off their shares of her; They shall possess her forever, and dwell there from generation to generation.
    In the Masoretic Text:

    Hebrew: וּפָגְשׁוּ צִיִּים אֶת-אִיִּים, וְשָׂעִיר עַל-רֵעֵהוּ יִקְרָא; אַךְ-שָׁם הִרְגִּיעָה לִּילִית, וּמָצְאָה לָהּ מָנוֹח
    Hebrew (ISO 259): u-pagšu ṣiyyim et-ʾiyyim w-saʿir ʿal-rēʿēhu yiqra; ʾak-šam hirgiʿa lilit u-maṣʾa lah manoaḫ[74]
    34:14 "And shall-meet desert creatures et (particle) jackals
    the goat he-calls his- fellow
    lilit (lilith) she-rests and she-finds rest[75]
    34:15 there she-shall-nest the great-owl, and she-lays-(eggs), and she-hatches, and she-gathers under her-shadow:
    hawks[kites, gledes ] also they-gather, every one with its mate.
    In the Dead Sea Scrolls, among the 19 fragments of Isaiah found at Qumran, the Great Isaiah Scroll (1Q1Isa) in 34:14 renders the creature as plural liliyyot (or liliyyoth).[76][77]

    Eberhard Schrader (1875)[78] and Moritz Abraham Levy (1885)[79] suggest that Lilith was a goddess of the night, known also by the Jewish exiles in Babylon. Schrader and Levy's view is therefore partly dependent on a later dating of Deutero-Isaiah to the 6th century BC, and the presence of Jews in Babylon which would coincide with the possible references to the Līlītu in Babylonian demonology. However this view is challenged by some modern research such as by Judit M. Blair (2009) who considers that the context indicates unclean animals.[80]

    The Septuagint translates the reference into Greek as onokentauros, apparently for lack of a better word, since also the se'irim, "satyrs", earlier in the verse are translated with daimon onokentauros. The "wild beasts of the island and the desert" are omitted altogether, and the "crying to his fellow" is also done by the daimon onokentauros.[81]

    The early 5th-century Vulgate translated the same word as Lamia.[82][83]

    et occurrent daemonia onocentauris et pilosus clamabit alter ad alterum ibi cubavit lamia et invenit sibi requiem
    —Isaiah (Isaias Propheta) 34.14, Vulgate
    The translation is: "And demons shall meet with monsters, and one hairy one shall cry out to another; there the lamia has lain down and found rest for herself...".

    Wyclif's Bible (1395) preserves the Latin rendering Lamia:

    Isa 34:15 Lamya schal ligge there, and foond rest there to hir silf.
    The Bishops' Bible of Matthew Parker (1568) from the Latin:

    Isa 34:14 there shall the Lamia lye and haue her lodgyng.
    Douay-Rheims Bible (1582/1610) also preserves the Latin rendering Lamia:

    Isa 34:14 "And demons and monsters shall meet, and the hairy ones shall cry out one to another, there hath the lamia lain down, and found rest for herself."
    The Geneva Bible of William Whittington (1587) from the Hebrew:

    Isa 34:14 and the shricheowle shall rest there, and shall finde for her selfe a quiet dwelling.
    Then the King James Version of the Bible (1611):

    Isa 34:14 "The wild beasts of the desert shall also meet with the wild beasts of the island, and the satyr shall cry to his fellow; the screech owl also shall rest there, and find for herself a place of rest."
    The "screech owl" translation of the KJV is, together with the "owl" (yanšup, probably a water bird) in 34:11 and the "great owl" (qippoz, properly a snake) of 34:15, an attempt to render the passage by choosing suitable animals for difficult-to-translate Hebrew words.

    Later translations include:

    night-owl (Young, 1898)
    night-spectre (Rotherham, Emphasized Bible, 1902)
    night monster (ASV, 1901; JPS 1917, Good News Translation, 1992; NASB, 1995)
    vampires (Moffatt Translation, 1922)
    night hag (RSV, 1947)
    Lilith (Jerusalem Bible, 1966)
    lilith (New American Bible, 1970)
    Lilith (NRSV, 1989)
    Lilith (The Message (Bible), Peterson, 1993)
    night creature (NIV, 1978; NKJV, 1982; NLT, 1996, TNIV)
    nightjar (New World Translation, 1984)
    night bird (English Standard Version, 2001)
    Major sources in Jewish tradition regarding Lilith in chronological order include:

    c. 40–10BCE Dead Sea Scrolls – Songs for a Sage (4Q510-511)
    c.200 Mishnah – not mentioned
    c.500 Gemara of the Talmud
    c.800 The Alphabet of Ben-Sira
    c.900 Midrash Abkir
    c.1260 Treatise on the Left Emanation, Spain
    c.1280 Zohar, Spain.
    The Dead Sea Scrolls contains one indisputable reference to Lilith in Songs of the Sage (4Q510-511)[84] fragment 1:

    And I, the Instructor, proclaim His glorious splendour so as to frighten and to te[rrify] all the spirits of the destroying angels, spirits of the bastards, demons, Lilith, howlers, and [desert dwellers…] and those which fall upon men without warning to lead them astray from a spirit of understanding and to make their heart and their […] desolate during the present dominion of wickedness and predetermined time of humiliations for the sons of lig[ht], by the guilt of the ages of [those] smitten by iniquity – not for eternal destruction, [bu]t for an era of humiliation for transgression.[85]

    As with the Massoretic Text of Isaiah 34:14, and therefore unlike the plural liliyyot (or liliyyoth) in the Isaiah scroll 34:14, lilit in 4Q510 is singular, this liturgical text both cautions against the presence of supernatural malevolence and assumes familiarity with Lilith; distinct from the biblical text, however, this passage does not function under any socio-political agenda, but instead serves in the same capacity as An Exorcism (4Q560) and Songs to Disperse Demons (11Q11).[citation needed] The text is thus, to a community "deeply involved in the realm of demonology",[86] an exorcism hymn.

    Joseph M. Baumgarten (1991) identified the unnamed woman of The Seductress (4Q184) as related to female demon.[87] However John J. Collins [88] regards this identification as "intriguing" but that it is "safe to say" that (4Q184) is based on the strange woman of Proverbs 2, 5, 7, 9:

    Her house sinks down to death,
    And her course leads to the shades.
    All who go to her cannot return
    And find again the paths of life.
    — Proverbs 2:18–19
    Her gates are gates of death, and from the entrance of the house
    She sets out towards Sheol.
    None of those who enter there will ever return,
    And all who possess her will descend to the Pit.
    — 4Q184

    Lilith does not occur in the Mishnah. There are three references to Lilith in the Babylonian Talmud in Gemara on three separate Tractates of the Mishnah:

    "Rab Judah citing Samuel ruled: If an abortion had the likeness of Lilith its mother is unclean by reason of the birth, for it is a child but it has wings." (Babylonian Talmud on Tractate Nidda 24b)[89]
    "[Expounding upon the curses of womanhood] In a Baraitha it was taught: She grows long hair like Lilith, sits when making water like a beast, and serves as a bolster for her husband.” (Babylonian Talmud on Tractate Eruvin 100b)
    "R. Hanina said: One may not sleep in a house alone [in a lonely house], and whoever sleeps in a house alone is seized by Lilith.” (Babylonian Talmud on Tractate Shabbath 151b)
    The above statement by Hanina may be related to the belief that nocturnal emissions engendered the birth of demons: "R. Jeremiah b. Eleazar further stated: In all those years [130 years after his expulsion from the Garden of Eden] during which Adam was under the ban he begot ghosts and male demons and female demons [or night demons], for it is said in Scripture: And Adam lived a hundred and thirty years and begot a son in own likeness, after his own image, from which it follows that until that time he did not beget after his own image… When he saw that through him death was ordained as punishment he spent a hundred and thirty years in fasting, severed connection with his wife for a hundred and thirty years, and wore clothes of fig on his body for a hundred and thirty years. – That statement [of R. Jeremiah] was made in reference to the semen which he emitted accidentally.” (Babylonian Talmud on Tractate Eruvin 18b)

    An individual Lilith, along with Bagdana "king of the lilits", is one of the demons to feature prominently in protective spells in the eighty surviving Jewish occult incantation bowls from Sassanid Empire Babylon (4th-6th Century CE).[90] These bowls were buried upside down in houses to trap the demon, and almost every Jewish house in Nippur was found to have such protective bowls buried.[91] One bowl contains the following inscription commissioned from a Jewish occultist to protect a woman called Rashnoi and her husband from Lilith:

    Thou liliths, male lili and female lilith, hag and ghool, I adjure you by the Strong One of Abraham, by the Rock of Isaac, by the Shaddai of Jacob, by Yah Ha-Shem by Yah his memorial, to turn away from this Rashnoi b. M. and from Geyonai b. M. her husband. [Here is] your divorce and writ and letter of separation, sent through holy angels. Amen, Amen, Selah, Halleluyah! (image)

    — Excerpt from translation in Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur James Alan Montgomery 2011 p156[92]

    The pseudepigraphic[93] 8th-10th centuries Alphabet of Ben Sira is considered to be the oldest form of the story of Lilith as Adam's first wife. Whether this particular tradition is older is not known. Scholars tend to date the Alphabet between the 8th and 10th centuries AD.

    In the text an amulet is inscribed with the names of three angels (Senoy, Sansenoy, and Semangelof) and placed around the neck of newborn boys in order to protect them from the lilin until their circumcision.[94] The amulets used against Lilith that were thought to derive from this tradition are in fact, dated as being much older.[95] The concept of Eve having a predecessor is not exclusive to the Alphabet, and is not a new concept, as it can be found in Genesis Rabbah. However, the idea that Lilith was the predecessor is exclusive to the Alphabet.

    The idea in the text that Adam had a wife prior to Eve may have developed from an interpretation of the Book of Genesis and its dual creation accounts; while Genesis 2:22 describes God's creation of Eve from Adam's rib, an earlier passage, 1:27, already indicates that a woman had been made: "So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them." The Alphabet text places Lilith's creation after God's words in Genesis 2:18 that "it is not good for man to be alone"; in this text God forms Lilith out of the clay from which he made Adam but she and Adam bicker. Lilith claims that since she and Adam were created in the same way they were equal and she refuses to submit to him:[96] The background and purpose of The Alphabet of Ben-Sira is unclear. It is a collection of stories about heroes of the Bible and Talmud, it may have been a collection of folk-tales, a refutation of Christian, Karaite, or other separatist movements; its content seems so offensive to contemporary Jews that it was even suggested that it could be an anti-Jewish satire,[97] although, in any case, the text was accepted by the Jewish mystics of medieval Germany.

    The Alphabet of Ben-Sira is the earliest surviving source of the story, and the conception that Lilith was Adam's first wife became only widely known with the 17th century Lexicon Talmudicum of German scholar Johannes Buxtorf.

    In this folk tradition that arose in the early Middle Ages Lilith, a dominant female demon, became identified with Asmodeus, King of Demons, as his queen.[98] Asmodeus was already well known by this time because of the legends about him in the Talmud. Thus, the merging of Lilith and Asmodeus was inevitable.[99] The second myth of Lilith grew to include legends about another world and by some accounts this other world existed side by side with this one, Yenne Velt is Yiddish for this described "Other World". In this case Asmodeus and Lilith were believed to procreate demonic offspring endlessly and spread chaos at every turn.[100] Many disasters were blamed on both of them, causing wine to turn into vinegar, men to be impotent, women unable to give birth, and it was Lilith who was blamed for the loss of infant life. The presence of Lilith and her cohorts were considered very real at this time.[citation needed]

    Two primary characteristics are seen in these legends about Lilith: Lilith as the incarnation of lust, causing men to be led astray, and Lilith as a child-killing witch, who strangles helpless neonates. Although these two aspects of the Lilith legend seemed to have evolved separately, there is hardly a tale where she encompasses both roles.[100] But the aspect of the witch-like role that Lilith plays broadens her archetype of the destructive side of witchcraft. Such stories are commonly found among Jewish folklore.[100]

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    Kabbalistic mysticism attempted to establish a more exact relationship between Lilith and the Deity. With her major characteristics having been well-developed by the end of the Talmudic period, after six centuries had elapsed between the Aramaic incantation texts that mention Lilith and the early Spanish Kabbalistic writings in the 13th century, she reappears, and her life history becomes known in greater mythological detail.[101]

    Her creation is described in many alternative versions. One mentions her creation as being before Adam's, on the fifth day, because the "living creatures" with whose swarms God filled the waters included none other than Lilith. A similar version, related to the earlier Talmudic passages, recounts how Lilith was fashioned with the same substance as Adam was, shortly before. A third alternative version states that God originally created Adam and Lilith in a manner that the female creature was contained in the male. Lilith's soul was lodged in the depths of the Great Abyss. When God called her, she joined Adam. After Adam's body was created a thousand souls from the Left (evil) side attempted to attach themselves to him. However, God drove them off. Adam was left lying as a body without a soul. Then a cloud descended and God commanded the earth to produce a living soul. This God breathed into Adam, who began to spring to life and his female was attached to his side. God separated the female from Adam's side. The female side was Lilith, whereupon she flew to the Cities of the Sea and attacks humankind. Yet another version claims that Lilith was not created by God, but emerged as a divine entity that was born spontaneously, either out of the Great Supernal Abyss or out of the power of an aspect of God (the Gevurah of Din). This aspect of God, one of his ten attributes (Sefirot), at its lowest manifestation has an affinity with the realm of evil and it is out of this that Lilith merged with Samael.[102] According to The Alphabet of Ben-Sira Lilith was Adam's first wife.

    An alternative story links Lilith with the creation of luminaries. The "first light", which is the light of Mercy (one of the Sefirot), appeared on the first day of creation when God said "Let there be light". This light became hidden and the Holiness became surrounded by a husk of evil. "A husk (klippa) was created around the brain" and this husk spread and brought out another husk, which was Lilith.[103]

    The first medieval source to depict Adam and Lilith in full was the Midrash A.B.K.I.R. (ca. 10th century), which was followed by the Zohar and Kabbalistic writings. Adam is said to be perfect until he recognizes either his sin or Cain's fratricide that is the cause of bringing death into the world. He then separates from holy Eve, sleeps alone, and fasts for 130 years. During this time Lilith, also known as Pizna, desired his beauty and came to him against his will.

    The mystical writing of two brothers Jacob and Isaac Hacohen, which predates the Zohar by a few decades, states that Samael and Lilith are in the shape of an androgynous being, double-faced, born out of the emanation of the Throne of Glory and corresponding in the spiritual realm to Adam and Eve, who were likewise born as a hermaphrodite. The two twin androgynous couples resembled each other and both "were like the image of Above"; that is, that they are reproduced in a visible form of an androgynous deity.

    19. In answer to your question concerning Lilith, I shall explain to you the essence of the matter. Concerning this point there is a received tradition from the ancient Sages who made use of the Secret Knowledge of the Lesser Palaces, which is the manipulation of demons and a ladder by which one ascends to the prophetic levels. In this tradition it is made clear that Samael and Lilith were born as one, similar to the form of Adam and Eve who were also born as one, reflecting what is above. This is the account of Lilith which was received by the Sages in the Secret Knowledge of the Palaces.[104]

    Another version[clarification needed] that was also current among Kabbalistic circles in the Middle Ages establishes Lilith as the first of Samael's four wives: Lilith, Naamah, Igrath, and Mahalath. Each of them are mothers of demons and have their own hosts and unclean spirits in no number.[105] The marriage of archangel Samael and Lilith was arranged by "Blind Dragon", who is the counterpart of "the dragon that is in the sea". Blind Dragon acts as an intermediary between Lilith and Samael:

    Blind Dragon rides Lilith the Sinful – may she be extirpated quickly in our days, Amen! – And this Blind Dragon brings about the union between Samael and Lilith. And just as the Dragon that is in the sea (Isa. 27:1) has no eyes, likewise Blind Dragon that is above, in the likeness of a spiritual form, is without eyes, that is to say, without colors.... (Patai81:458) Samael is called the Slant Serpent, and Lilith is called the Tortuous Serpent.[106]

    The marriage of Samael and Lilith is known as the "Angel Satan" or the "Other God", but it was not allowed to last. To prevent Lilith and Samael's demonic children Lilin from filling the world, God castrated Samael. In many 17th century Kabbalistic books, this mythologem is based on the identification of "Leviathan the Slant Serpent and Leviathan the Torturous Serpent" and a reinterpretation of an old Talmudic myth where God castrated the male Leviathan and slew the female Leviathan in order to prevent them from mating and thereby destroying the earth.[107] After Samael became castrated and Lilith was unable to fornicate with him, she left him to couple with men who experience nocturnal emissions. A 15th or 16th century Kabbalah text states that God has "cooled" the female Leviathan, meaning that he has made Lilith infertile and she is a mere fornication.

    The Treatise on the Left Emanation says that there are two Liliths, the lesser being married to the great demon Asmodeus.[108][109]

    Another passage charges Lilith as being a tempting serpent of Eve.[110]

    References to Lilith in the Zohar include the following:

    She wanders about at night, vexing the sons of men and causing them to defile themselves (19b)

    This passage may be related to the mention of Lilith in Talmud Shabbath 151b (see above), and also to Talmud Eruvin 18b where nocturnal emissions are connected with the begettal of demons.

    Raphael Patai states that older sources state clearly that after Lilith's Red Sea sojourn (mentioned also in Louis Ginzberg's Legends of the Jews), she returned to Adam and begat children from him. In the Zohar, however, Lilith is said to have succeeded in begetting offspring from Adam during their short-lived sexual experience. Lilith leaves Adam in Eden, as she is not a suitable helpmate for him. She returns, later, to force herself upon him. However, before doing so she attaches herself to Cain and bears him numerous spirits and demons.[111]

    According to Gershom Scholem, the author of the Zohar, Rabbi Moses de Leon, was aware of the folk tradition of Lilith. He was also aware of another story, possibly older, that may be conflicting.[112] According to the Zohar, two female spirits, Lilith and Naamah — found Adam, desired his beauty which was like that of the sun disk, and lay with him. The issue of these unions were demons and spirits called "the plagues of humankind".[111] The added explanation was that it was through Adam's own sin that Lilith overcame him against his will.

    A copy of Jean de Pauly's translation of the Zohar in the Ritman Library contains an inserted late 17th Century printed Hebrew sheet for use in magical amulets where the prophet Elijah confronts Lilith.[113] In this encounter, she had come to feast on the flesh of the mother, with a host of demons, and take the newborn from her. She eventually reveals her secret names to Elijah in the conclusion. These names are said to cause Lilith to lose her power: lilith, abitu, abizu, hakash, avers hikpodu, ayalu, matrota…[114] In others, probably informed by The Alphabet of Ben-Sira, she is Adam's first wife. (Yalqut Reubeni, Zohar 1:34b, 3:19[115])

    Lilith is listed as one of the Qliphoth, corresponding to the Sephirah Malkuth in the Kabbalistic Tree of Life. The demon Lilith, the evil woman, is described as a beautiful woman, who transforms into a blue, butterfly-like demon, and it is associated with the power of seduction.[citation needed]

    The Qliphah is the unbalanced power of a Sephirah. Malkuth is the lowest Sephirah, the realm of the earth, into which all the divine energy flows, and in which the divine plan is worked out. However, its unbalanced form is as Lilith, the seductress. The material world, and all of its pleasures, is the ultimate seductress, and can lead to materialism unbalanced by the spirituality of the higher spheres. This ultimately leads to a descent into animal consciousness. The balance must therefore be found between Malkuth and Kether, to find order and harmony.[citation needed]

    In the Latin Vulgate Book of Isaiah 34:14, Lilith is translated lamia.

    According to Siegmund Hurwitz the Talmudic Lilith is connected with the Greek Lamia, who, according to Hurwitz, likewise governed a class of child stealing lamia-demons. Lamia bore the title "child killer" and was feared for her malevolence, like Lilith. She has different conflicting origins and is described as having a human upper body from the waist up and a serpentine body from the waist down.[116] One source states simply that she is a daughter of the goddess Hecate. Another, that Lamia was subsequently cursed by the goddess Hera to have stillborn children because of her association with Zeus; alternatively, Hera slew all of Lamia's children (except Scylla) in anger that Lamia slept with her husband, Zeus. The grief caused Lamia to turn into a monster that took revenge on mothers by stealing their children and devouring them.[117] Lamia had a vicious sexual appetite that matched her cannibalistic appetite for children. She was notorious for being a vampiric spirit and loved sucking men’s blood.[118] Her gift was the "mark of a Sibyl", a gift of second sight. Zeus was said to have given her the gift of sight. However, she was "cursed" to never be able to shut her eyes so that she would forever obsess over her dead children. Taking pity on Lamia, Zeus gave her the ability to remove and replace her eyes from their sockets.[117]

    The Empusae were a class of supernatural demons that Lamia was said to have birthed. Hecate would often send them against travelers. They consumed or scared to death any of the people where they inhabited. They bear many similarities to lilim. It has been suggested that later medieval lore of the succubi or lilim is derived from this myth.[citation needed]

    Lilith (Arabic: ليليث‎) is not found in the Quran or Haddith. The Sufi occult writer Ahmad al-Buni (d.1225) in his Shams al-Ma'arif al-Kubra (Sun of the Great Knowledge, Arabic: شمس المعارف الكبرى) mentions a demon called the mother of children a term also used "in one place"[119] in the 13th-century Jewish Zohar and is therefore probably derived from Jewish mythology. Another Islamic legend recounts an encounter between King Solomon and a giant female demon, Karina.[120]

    Lilith's earliest appearance in the literature of the Romantic period (1789–1832) was in Goethe's 1808 work Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy.[121]

    The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, which developed around 1848,[122] were greatly influenced by Goethe's work on the theme of Lilith. In 1863, Dante Gabriel Rossetti of the Brotherhood began painting what would later be his first rendition of Lady Lilith, a painting he expected to be his "best picture hitherto"[122] Symbols appearing in the painting allude to the "femme fatale" reputation of the Romantic Lilith: poppies (death and cold) and white roses (sterile passion). Accompanying his Lady Lilith painting from 1866, Rossetti wrote a sonnet entitled Lilith, which was first published in Swinburne's pamphlet-review (1868), Notes on the Royal Academy Exhibition.[123] The poem and the picture appeared together alongside Rossetti's painting Sibylla Palmifera and the sonnet Soul's Beauty. In 1881, the Lilith sonnet was renamed "Body's Beauty" in order to contrast it and Soul's Beauty. The two were placed sequentially in The House of Life collection (sonnets number 77 and 78).[122]

    Rossetti wrote in 1870:

    Lady [Lilith]...represents a Modern Lilith combing out her abundant golden hair and gazing on herself in the glass with that self-absorption by whose strange fascination such natures draw others within their own circle.
    —Rossetti, W. M. ii.850, D.G. Rossetti's emphasis[122]
    This is in accordance with Jewish folk tradition, which associates Lilith both with long hair (a symbol of dangerous feminine seductive power in both Jewish and Islamic cultures), and with possessing women by entering them through mirrors.[124]

    The Victorian poet Robert Browning re-envisioned Lilith in his poem "Adam, Lilith, and Eve". First published in 1883, the poem uses the traditional myths surrounding the triad of Adam, Eve, and Lilith. Browning depicts Lilith and Eve as being friendly and complicitous with each other, as they sit together on either side of Adam. Under the threat of death, Eve admits that she never loved Adam, while Lilith confesses that she always loved him:[125] Browning focused on Lilith's emotional attributes, rather than that of her ancient demon predecessors.[126]

    Scottish author George MacDonald also wrote a fantasy novel entitled Lilith, first published in 1895. MacDonald employed the character of Lilith in service to a spiritual drama about sin and redemption, in which Lilith finds a hard-won salvation. Many of the traditional characteristics of Lilith mythology are present in the author's depiction: Long dark hair, pale skin, a hatred and fear of children and babies, and an obsession with gazing at herself in a mirror. MacDonald's Lilith also has vampiric qualities: She bites people and sucks their blood for sustenance.

    Australian poet and scholar Christopher John Brennan (1870–1932), included a section titled "Lilith" in his major work "Poems: 1913" (Sydney : G. B. Philip and Son, 1914). The "Lilith" section contains thirteen poems exploring the Lilith myth and is central to the meaning of the collection as a whole.

    The depiction of Lilith in Romanticism continues to be popular among feminists, Wiccans, satanists, and in other modern occultism.[122] Few magical orders dedicated to the undercurrent of Lilith, featuring initiations specifically related to the arcana of the "first mother" exist. Two organizations that use initiations and magic associated with Lilith are the Ordo Antichristianus Illuminati and the Order of Phosphorus. Lilith appears as a succubus in Aleister Crowley's De Arte Magica. Lilith was also one of the middle names of Crowley’s first child, Nuit Ma Ahathoor Hecate Sappho Jezebel Lilith Crowley (b. 1904, d.1906), and Lilith is sometimes identified with Babalon in Thelemic writings. Many early occult writers that contributed to modern day Wicca expressed special reverence for Lilith. Charles Leland associated Aradia with Lilith: Aradia, says Leland, is Herodias, who was regarded in stregheria folklore as being associated with Diana as chief of the witches. Leland further notes that Herodias is a name that comes from West Asia, where it denoted an early form of Lilith.[127][128]

    Gerald Gardner asserted that there was continuous historical worship of Lilith to present day, and that her name is sometimes given to the goddess being personified in the coven, by the priestess. This idea was further attested by Doreen Valiente, who cited her as a presiding goddess of the Craft: “the personification of erotic dreams, the suppressed desire for delights”.[129] In some contemporary concepts, Lilith is viewed as the embodiment of the Goddess, a designation that is thought to be shared with what these faiths believe to be her counterparts: Inanna, Ishtar, Asherah, Anath and Isis.[130] According to one view, Lilith was originally a Sumerian, Babylonian, or Hebrew mother goddess of childbirth, children, women, and sexuality[131][132][133] who later became demonized due to the rise of patriarchy.[134] Other modern views hold that Lilith is a dark moon goddess on par with the Hindu Kali.[135]

    The western mystery tradition associates Lilith with the Klipoth of kabbalah. Samael Aun Weor in The Pistis Sophia Unveiled writes that homosexuals are the "henchmen of Lilith". Likewise, women who undergo willful abortion, and those who support this practice are "seen in the sphere of Lilith".[136] Dion Fortune writes, "The Virgin Mary is reflected in Lilith",[137] and that Lilith is the source of "lustful dreams".[137]

    This section only includes direct references to the Lilith of Jewish legend (as documented in Jewish sources) in popular culture. It does not include references to the many dozens of derivative female characters called "Lilith" in comics, video games, cartoons, supernatural films, TV series, and so on. For which please see Lilith (disambiguation) which has a complete listing of characters named Lilith.

    The legendary Lilith, presumed wife of Adam, appears in various fantasy novels. For example Lilith is a principal character in Stephen Brust's To Reign in Hell, (1984) where she is the love interest of both Satan and Lucifer at varying points. Lilith is the primary consort of the main character while he holds the office of Satan in Piers Anthony's fantasy novel For Love of Evil (1988). Her character and history (in times back to the Garden of Eden) is explored more in depth in the eighth book of that series, Under a Velvet Cloak. In Cassandra Clare's children's fantasy series The Mortal Instruments (2007–2010) Lilith is the first wife of Adam in the garden of Eden.

    The episode Lilith: Queen of the Night of The Naked Archaeologist dealt with Lilith and her origins.

    In 2010 the British metal band Cradle of Filth made a concept album based upon Lilith, entitled Darkly, Darkly, Venus Aversa. Lilith/Eve on the album Concentration (1993) by the American industrial rock band Machines of Loving Grace is also based on this legend.
    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Lilith_(John_Collier_painting)


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    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Empty Re: Who Are Lilith and Enlil?

    Post  orthodoxymoron Sat Mar 03, 2012 9:33 pm

    Thank-you for that cool song, Floyd. What if Lilith was demoted and disempowered shortly after the 'creation' or 'genetic-engineering' of male and female human-beings? What if Lilith was replaced? What if there is an Anti-Lilith (or 'In Place of Lilith')? What if this hypothetical 'Anti-Lilith' is also the 'Anti-Christ'? What if the hypothetical 'Anti-Lilith' and 'Anti-Christ' have been ruling Earth and Humanity for thousands of years? Once again, what if Michael = Lilith = Lucifer = Jesus? (to just name a few possible name-equivalents and reincarnations) Once again, please don't crucify me! Here is the rest of the Wiki material for Lilith:

    Abyzou
    Daemon (classical mythology)
    Lilith (Lurianic Kabbalah)
    Lilith Fair
    Norea
    Serpent seed
    Spirit spouse
    Freedman, David Noel, ed., Anchor Bible Dictionary, (New York: Doubleday) 1997, 1992.
    ^ Kristen E. Kvam, Linda S. Schearing, Valarie H. Ziegler Eve and Adam: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim readings on Genesis and gender Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999. p174
    ^ Tree of souls: the mythology of Judaism, By Howard Schwartz, page 218
    ^ Eve and Adam: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim readings on Genesis and gender By Kristen E. Kvam, Linda S. Schearing, Valarie H. Ziegler, pp 220–221, Indiana University Press, 1999
    ^ Erich Ebeling, Bruno Meissner, Dietz Otto Edzard Reallexikon der Assyriologie Volume 9 p47,50
    ^ Michael C. Astour Hellenosemitica: an ethnic and cultural study in west Semitic impact on Mycenaean. Greece 1965 Brill p138
    ^ Sayce (1887)[page needed]
    ^ Fossey (1902)[page needed]
    ^ Kramer, S. N. Gilgamesh and the Huluppu-Tree: A Reconstructed Sumerian Text. Assyriological Studies 10. Chicago. 1938
    ^ George, A. The epic of Gilgamesh: the Babylonian epic poem and other texts in Akkadian 2003 p100 Tablet XII. Appendix The last Tablet in the 'Series of Gilgamesh'
    ^ Kramer translates the zu as "owl", but most often it is translated as "eagle", "vulture", or "bird of prey".
    ^ "Chicago Assyrian Dictionary". Chicago Assyrian Dictionary. Chicago: University of Chicago. 1956.
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p. 49
    ^ Article in K. van der Toorn, Bob Becking, Pieter Willem van der Horst - 1999 p520-521, article cites Hutter's own 1988 work Behexung, Entsuhnung und Heilung Eisenbrauns 1988. p224-228
    ^ Müller-Kessler, C. (2002) "A Charm against Demons of Time", in C. Wunsch (ed.), Mining the Archives. Festschrift Christopher Walker on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday (Dresden), p. 185
    ^ Roberta Sterman Sabbath Sacred tropes: Tanakh, New Testament, and Qur'an as literature and culture 2009
    ^ Sex and gender in the ancient Near East: proceedings of the 47th Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Helsinki, July 2–6, 2001, Part 2 p481
    ^ Opitz, D. Ausgrabungen und Forschungsreisen Ur. AfO 8: 328
    ^ Ribichini, S. Lilith nell-albero Huluppu Pp. 25 in Atti del 1° Convegno Italiano sul Vicino Oriente Antico, Rome, 1976
    ^ Frankfort, H. The Burney Relief AfO 12: 128, 1937
    ^ Kraeling, E. G. A Unique Babylonian Relief BASOR 67: 168. 1937
    ^ RLA 7:25
    ^ Gaster, T. H. 1942. A Canaanite Magical Text. Or 11:
    ^ Torczyner, H. 1947. A Hebrew Incantation against Night-Demons from Biblical Times. JNES 6: 18?9.
    ^ Lesses, Rebecca Exe(o)rcising Power: Women as Sorceresses, Exorcists, and Demonesses in Babylonian Jewish Society of Late Antiquity 2001 JAAR Journal of The American Academy of Religion Abstact pp. 343–375
    ^ Georges Contenau La Magie chez les Assyriens et les Babyloniens, Paris, 1947.
    ^ Georges Contenau Everyday Life in Babylon and Assyria translated by KR Maxwell-Hyslop and AR Maxwell-Hyslop (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1954)
    ^ Fauth, Wolfgang (1982) Lilitu und die Eulen von Pylos. In Tischler, Johann. (ed.). Serta Indogermanica: Festschrift für Günter Neumann zum 60. Geburtstag. pp. 60–61
    ^ S. Lackenbacher, RA 65 (1971)
    ^ Graham Cunningham Deliver me from evil: Mesopotamian incantations, 2500–1500 BC 1997 p104
    ^ Alan Humm's Lilith Bibliography from the Ioudaios academic list expanded from the bibliography of Thomas R. W. Longstaff
    ^ "Beiträge zur vergleichende Sagen- und Märchenkunde. X. Lilith und die drei Angel", Monatschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judenstum 29 (1880) – to be distinguished from Gaster, Theodor Herzl. "A Canaanite Magical Text". Orientalia, 11. Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1942. pp. 41–79.
    ^ Semitic Magic – Its Origins and Development
    ^ Hebrew Religion: Its Origin and Development (1930) Page 70
    ^ Hurwitz, p.50
    ^ Hurwitz (1980)p.54,55
    ^ a b Deutscher, Guy (2007). Syntactic Change in Akkadian: The Evolution of Sentential Complementation. Oxford University Press US. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780199532223. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XFwUxmCdG94C.
    ^ Bottero (2001:45)
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p.51-52
    ^ Hurwitz pp. 53–54
    ^ Leick 1998: 30–31
    ^ Hurwitx pp. 54–55
    ^ Hurwitz p. 54
    ^ a b Hurwitz (1980) p.50
    ^ Patai (1942)[page needed]
    ^ Epilepsy in Babylonia By Marten Stol, p 46, Brill, 1993}}
    ^ p52
    ^ a b Hurwitz (1980) p.52
    ^ a b Raphael Patai[page needed]
    ^ T.H. Jacobsen, "Mesopotamia", in H. Frankfort et al., Before Philosophy: The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man.
    ^ R.C. Thompson 1908 p.66
    ^ The Devil: perceptions of evil from antiquity to primitive Christianity by Jeffrey Burton Russell, p. 92, Cornell University Press
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p.75
    ^ Black, Jeremy and Anthony Green (2003). Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. p. 118.
    ^ Erich Ebeling and Bruno Meissner, Reallexicon der Assyriologie, Walter de Gruyter 1990[page needed]
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p.51
    ^ Raphael Patai p.222
    ^ Raphael Patai, p. 221 & 222, The Hebrew Goddess: Third Enlarged Edition, ISBN 978-0-8143-2271-0
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) pp. 34–35
    ^ Dūr-Katlimmu 2008 and beyond edited by Hartmut Kühne, p 243, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010
    ^ Britannica, s.v. "Lamashtu"
    ^ Sydney Omarr's Day-by-Day Astrological Guide for Gemini 2011: May 21–June 20 By Trish MacGregor, Rob MacGregor, p 93, Penguin, 2010; Source covers information besides Gemini, and works for this citation
    ^ Spirit and reason: the embodied character of Ezekiel's symbolic thinking by Dale Launderville p 275, Baylor University Press, 2007
    ^ The orientalizing revolution: Near Eastern influence on Greek culture in the early archaic age by Walter Burkert, Margaret E. Pinder p 83, Harvard University Press, 1995
    ^ Every breath you take: stalking narratives and the law by Ôrît Kāmîr, p 30, University of Michigan Press, 2001
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p.39 But this ref gives no source.
    ^ Hurwitz, Siegmund (1980). Lilith-The First Eve: Historical and Psychological Aspects of the Dark Feminine. p. 40. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=6T9Y1EhiwDUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA40#v=onepage&q&f=false.
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p.41
    ^ Tammuz and Ishtar: a monograph upon Babylonian religion p74,75
    ^ S.H. Langdon p.74 Stephen Herbert Langdon, The Mythology of All Races, Volume V: Semitic, ed. John Arnott MacCulloch New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1964
    ^ Hurwitz (1980) p.58
    ^ Jan De Waard Translators Handbook on Isaiah; Delitzsch Isaiah
    ^ See The animals mentioned in the Bible Henry Chichester Hart 1888, and more modern sources; also entries Brown Driver Briggs Hebrew Lexicon for tsiyyim... 'iyyim... sayir... liylith... qippowz... dayah
    ^ The consonants p/k/t may also be pronounced: ph/kh/th.
    ^ (מנוח manowach, used for birds as Noah's dove, Gen.8:9 and also humans as Israel, Deut.28:65; Naomi, Ruth 3:1).
    ^ Blair J. "De-demonising the Old Testament" p.27
    ^ Christopher R. A. Morray-Jones A transparent illusion: the dangerous vision of water in Hekhalot Vol.59 p258 2002 "Early evidence of the belief in a plurality of liliths is provided by the Isaiah scroll from Qumran, which gives the name as liliyyot, and by the targum to Isaiah, which, in both cases, reads" (Targum reads: "when Lilith the Queen of [Sheba] and of Margod fell upon them.")
    ^ Jahrbuch für Protestantische Theologie 1, 1875. p128
    ^ Levy, [Moritz] A.[braham] (1817–1872)]. "Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft". Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft. ZDMG 9. 1885. pp. 470, 484. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=338&letter=L.
    ^ Judit M. Blair De-Demonising the Old Testament – An Investigation of Azazel, Lilit (Lilith), Deber (Dever), Qeteb (Qetev) and Reshep (Resheph) in the Hebrew Bible. Forschungen zum Alten Testament 2 Reihe, Mohr Siebeck 2009 ISBN 3-16-150131-4
    ^ 34:14 καὶ συναντήσουσιν δαιμόνια ὀνοκενταύροις καὶ βοήσουσιν ἕτερος πρὸς τὸν ἕτερον ἐκεῖ ἀναπαύσονται ὀνοκένταυροι εὗρον γὰρ αὑτοῖς ἀνάπαυσιν
    ^ "The Old Testament (Vulgate)/Isaias propheta". Wikisource (Latin). http://la.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Old_Testament_(Vulgate)/Isaias_propheta. Retrieved 2007-09-24.
    ^ "Parallel Latin Vulgate Bible and Douay-Rheims Bible and King James Bible; The Complete Sayings of Jesus Christ". LatinVulgate.com. http://www.latinvulgate.com/verse.aspx?t=0&b=27&c=34. Retrieved 2007-09-24.
    ^ Michael T. Davis, Brent A. Strawn Qumran studies: new approaches, new questions 2007 p47 "... two manuscripts that date to the Herodian period, with 4Q510 slightly earlier"
    ^ Bruce Chilton, Darrell Bock, Daniel M. Gurtner A Comparative Handbook to the Gospel of Mark p84
    ^ Revue de Qumrân 1991 p133
    ^ Baumgarten, J. M. 'On the Nature of the Seductress in 4Q184', Revue de Qumran 15 (1991–2), 133–143; 'The seductress of Qumran', Bible Review 17 no 5 (2001), 21–23; 42;
    ^ Collins, Jewish wisdom in the Hellenistic age
    ^ Tractate Niddah in the Mishnah is the only tractate from the Order of Tohorot which has Talmud on it. The Jerusalem Talmud is incomplete here, but the Babylonian Talmud on Tractate Niddah (2a–76b) is complete.
    ^ Janet Howe Gaines Biblical Archaeology Review Lilith: Seductress, Heroine or Murderer? "One bowl now on display at Harvard University's Semitic Museum reads, “Thou Lilith. . .Hag and Snatcher, I adjure you by the Strong One of Abraham, by the .."
    ^ Descenders to the chariot: the people behind the Hekhalot literature Page 277 James R. Davila - 2001 "... that they be used by anyone and everyone. The whole community could become the equals of the sages. Perhaps this is why nearly every house excavated in the Jewish settlement in Nippur had one or more incantation bowl buried in it."
    ^ Full text in p156 Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur James Alan Montgomery - 2011
    ^ The attribution to the sage Ben Sira is considered false, with the true author unknown.
    ^ Alphabet of Ben Sirah, Question #5 (23a–b)
    ^ Humm, Alan. Lilith in the Alphabet of Ben Sira
    ^
    After God created Adam, who was alone, He said, 'It is not good for man to be alone.' He then created a woman for Adam, from the earth, as He had created Adam himself, and called her Lilith. Adam and Lilith immediately began to fight. She said, 'I will not lie below,' and he said, 'I will not lie beneath you, but only on top. For you are fit only to be in the bottom position, while I am to be the superior one.' Lilith responded, 'We are equal to each other inasmuch as we were both created from the earth.' But they would not listen to one another. When Lilith saw this, she pronounced the Ineffable Name and flew away into the air.

    Adam stood in prayer before his Creator: 'Sovereign of the universe!' he said, 'the woman you gave me has run away.' At once, the Holy One, blessed be He, sent these three angels Senoy, Sansenoy, and Semangelof, to bring her back.

    Said the Holy One to Adam, 'If she agrees to come back, what is made is good. If not, she must permit one hundred of her children to die every day.' The angels left God and pursued Lilith, whom they overtook in the midst of the sea, in the mighty waters wherein the Egyptians were destined to drown. They told her God's word, but she did not wish to return. The angels said, 'We shall drown you in the sea.’

    'Leave me!' she said. 'I was created only to cause sickness to infants. If the infant is male, I have dominion over him for eight days after his birth, and if female, for twenty days.’

    When the angels heard Lilith's words, they insisted she go back. But she swore to them by the name of the living and eternal God: 'Whenever I see you or your names or your forms in an amulet, I will have no power over that infant.' She also agreed to have one hundred of her children die every day. Accordingly, every day one hundred demons perish, and for the same reason, we write the angels' names on the amulets of young children. When Lilith sees their names, she remembers her oath, and the child recovers.

    ^ Segal, Eliezer. Looking for Lilith
    ^ Schwartz p.7
    ^ Schwartz p 8
    ^ a b c Schwartz p.8
    ^ Patai pp. 229–230
    ^ Patai p.230
    ^ Patai p231
    ^ Patai p.231
    ^ Patai p244
    ^ Humm, Alan. Lilith, Samael, & Blind Dragon
    ^ Pataip246
    ^
    In answer to your question concerning Lilith, I shall explain to you the essence of the matter. Concerning this point there is a received tradition from the ancient Sages who made use of the Secret Knowledge of the Lesser Palaces, which is the manipulation of demons and a ladder by which one ascends to the prophetic levels. In this tradition, it is made clear that Samael and Lilith were born as one, similar to the form of Adam and Eve who were also born as one, reflecting what is above. This is the account of Lilith which was received by the Sages in the Secret Knowledge of the Palaces. The Matron Lilith is the mate of Samael. Both of them were born at the same hour in the image of Adam and Eve, intertwined in each other. Asmodeus the great king of the demons has as a mate the Lesser (younger) Lilith, daughter of the king whose name is Qafsefoni. The name of his mate is Mehetabel daughter of Matred, and their daughter is Lilith.

    ^ R. Isaac b. Jacob Ha-Kohen. Lilith in Jewish Mysticism: Treatise on the Left Emanation
    ^
    And the Serpent, the Woman of Harlotry, incited and seduced Eve through the husks of Light which in itself is holiness. And the Serpent seduced Holy Eve, and enough said for him who understands. And all this ruination came about because Adam the first man coupled with Eve while she was in her menstrual impurity – this is the filth and the impure seed of the Serpent who mounted Eve before Adam mounted her. Behold, here it is before you: because of the sins of Adam the first man all the things mentioned came into being. For Evil Lilith, when she saw the greatness of his corruption, became strong in her husks, and came to Adam against his will, and became hot from him and bore him many demons and spirits and Lilin. (Patai81:455f)

    ^ a b Patai p232 "Or according to the Zohar, two female spirits, Lilith and Naamah — found him, desired his beauty which was like that of the sun disk, and lay with him. The issue of these unions were demons and spirits"
    ^ Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism, p. 174
    ^ "Printed sheet, late 17th century or early 18th century, 185x130 mm. This sheet was inserted in one of the library's copies of Jean de Pauly's translation of the Zohar. The sheet contains two texts within borders, which are amulets, one for a male ('lazakhar'), the other one for a female ('lanekevah'). The invocations mention Adam, Eve and Lilith, 'Chavah Rishonah' (the first Eve, who is identical with Lilith), also devils or angels: Sanoy, Sansinoy, Smangeluf, Shmari'el (the guardian) and Hasdi'el (the merciful). A few lines in Yiddish are followed by the dialogue between the prophet Elijah and Lilith when he met her with her host of demons to kill the mother and take her new-born child ('to drink her blood, suck her bones and eat her flesh'). She tells Elijah that she will lose her power if someone uses her secret names, which she reveals at the end: 'lilith, abitu, abizu, hakash, avers hikpodu, ayalu, matrota...'."
    ^ "Lilith Amulet-J.R. Ritman Library". http://www.ritmanlibrary.nl/c/p/exh/kabb/kab_pheb_25.html.
    ^ Humm, Alan. Kabbalah: Lilith's origins
    ^ Hurwitz p. 43
    ^ a b Hurwitz p.43
    ^ Hurwitz p.78
    ^ "an eine Stelle" Hurwitz S. Die erste Eva: Eine historische und psychologische Studie 2004 Page 160 "Cool Lilith in der arabischen Literatur: Die Karina Auch in der arabischen Literatur hat der Lilith-Mythos seinen Niederschlag gefunden."
    ^ Jan Knappert Islamic legends: histories of the heroes, saints, and prophets of Islam, Volume 1. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1985. " "And I am Salmas al-Hamma, the Karina of all women". In spite of his great power, King Solomon felt uneasy when he heard this name. A karina is a female demon much feared by women in the Middle East." p.149
    ^
    Faust:
    Who's that there?

    Mephistopheles:
    Take a good look.
    Lilith.

    Faust:
    Lilith? Who is that?

    Mephistopheles:
    Adam's wife, his first. Beware of her.
    Her beauty's one boast is her dangerous hair.
    When Lilith winds it tight around young men
    She doesn't soon let go of them again.

    (1992 Greenberg translation, lines 4206–4211)

    After Mephistopheles offers this warning to Faust, he then, quite ironically, encourages Faust to dance with "the Pretty Witch". Lilith and Faust engage in a short dialogue, where Lilith recounts the days spent in Eden.

    Faust: [dancing with the young witch]
    A lovely dream I dreamt one day
    I saw a green-leaved apple tree,
    Two apples swayed upon a stem,
    So tempting! I climbed up for them.

    The Pretty Witch:
    Ever since the days of Eden
    Apples have been man's desire.
    How overjoyed I am to think, sir,
    Apples grow, too, in my garden.

    (1992 Greenberg translation, lines 4216 – 4223)

    "The Feminism and Women's Studies site: Changing Literary Representations of Lilith and the Evolution of a Mythical Heroine". http://feminism.eserver.org/theory/papers/lilith/.
    Of Adam's first wife, Lilith, it is told
    (The witch he loved before the gift of Eve,)
    That, ere the snake's, her sweet tongue could deceive,
    And her enchanted hair was the first gold.
    And still she sits, young while the earth is old,
    And, subtly of herself contemplative,
    Draws men to watch the bright web she can weave,
    Till heart and body and life are in its hold.
    The rose and poppy are her flower; for where
    Is he not found, O Lilith, whom shed scent
    And soft-shed kisses and soft sleep shall snare?
    Lo! As that youth's eyes burned at thine, so went
    Thy spell through him, and left his straight neck bent
    And round his heart one strangling golden hair.
    (Collected Works, 216)

    ^ Howard Schwartz (1988). Lilith's Cave: Jewish tales of the supernatural. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
    ^
    As the worst of the venom left my lips,

    I thought, 'If, despite this lie, he strips
    The mask from my soul with a kiss — I crawl

    His slave, — soul, body, and all!
    —Browning 1098
    ^ Seidel, Kathryn Lee. The Lilith Figure in Toni Morrison's Sula and Alice Walker's The Color Purple
    ^ Grimassi, Raven.Stregheria: La Vecchia Religione
    ^ Leland, Charles.Aradia, Gospel of the Witches-aAppendix
    ^ "Lilith-The First Eve". Imbolc. 2002. http://www.whitedragon.org.uk/articles/lillith.htm.
    ^ Grenn, Deborah J.History of Lilith Institute
    ^ "Lilith". thaliatook.com. http://www.thaliatook.com/AMGG/lilith.html. Retrieved 9 December 2010. [unreliable source?]
    ^ Hurwitz, Siegmund. "Excerpts from Lilith-The first Eve". http://www.daimon.ch/385630522X_2E.htm.
    ^ "Lilith". goddess.com.au. http://www.goddess.com.au/goddesses/Lilith.htm.
    ^ Koltuv
    ^ R. Buckland
    ^ Aun Weor, Samael. Pistis Sophia Unveiled. Google Books. p. 339. http://books.google.com/books?id=Rypqlr2O_sAC&dq=pistis+sophia+unveiled&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=en&ei=FubmSqPyFM7p8Qa4x5SSBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CBIQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=homosexuals&f=false.
    ^ a b Fortune, Dion. Psychic Self-Defence. Google books. pp. 126–128. http://books.google.com/books?id=EucEChcyoq4C&pg=PA126&lpg=PA126&dq=dion+fortune+virgin+mary+lilith&source=bl&ots=AI1dDL3B3M&sig=rmUUZMuvhQbwDtV8_v4JrF3L-Ss&hl=en&ei=7ebmSonrGJOX8AaDyeSYBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=&f=false.
    [edit] ReferencesTalmudic References: b. Erubin 18b; b. Erubin 100b; b. Nidda 24b; b. Shab. 151b; b. Baba Bathra 73a–b
    Kabbalist References: Zohar 3:76b–77a; Zohar Sitrei Torah 1:147b–148b; Zohar 2:267b; Bacharach,'Emeq haMelekh, 19c; Zohar 3:19a; Bacharach,'Emeq haMelekh, 102d–103a; Zohar 1:54b–55a
    Dead Sea Scroll References: 4QSongs of the Sage/4QShir; 4Q510 frag.11.4–6a//frag.10.1f; 11QPsAp
    Lilith Bibliography, Jewish and Christian Literature, Alan Humm ed., 3 March 2012.
    Raymond Buckland, The Witch Book, Visible Ink Press, November 1, 2001.
    Charles Fossey, La Magie Assyrienne, Paris: 1902.
    Siegmund Hurwitz, Lilith, die erste Eva: eine Studie uber dunkle Aspekte des Wieblichen. Zurich: Daimon Verlag, 1980, 1993. English tr. Lilith, the First Eve: Historical and Psychological Aspects of the Dark Feminine, translated by Gela Jacobson. Einsiedeln, Switzerland: Daimon Verlag, 1992 ISBN 3-85630-545-9.
    Siegmund Hurwitz, Lilith Switzerland: Daminon Press, 1992. Jerusalem Bible. New York: Doubleday, 1966.
    Samuel Noah Kramer, Gilgamesh and the Huluppu-Tree: A reconstructed Sumerian Text. (Kramer's Translation of the Gilgamesh Prologue), Assyriological Studies of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago 10, Chicago: 1938.
    Raphael Patai, Adam ve-Adama, tr. as Man and Earth; Jerusalem: The Hebrew Press Association, 1941–1942.
    Raphael Patai, The Hebrew Goddess, 3rd enlarged edition New York: Discus Books, 1978.
    Archibald Sayce, Hibbert Lectures on Babylonian Religion 1887.
    Schwartz, Howard, Lilith's Cave: Jewish tales of the supernatural, San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1988.
    R. Campbell Thompson, Semitic Magic, it's Origin and Development, London: 1908.
    New American Bible [1]
    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Lilith+transitsWho Are Lilith and Enlil?  Cornelis_van_Haarlem_Rijksmuseum_Fall_man_1592
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    Post  orthodoxymoron Sat Mar 03, 2012 10:54 pm

    You behind the scenes people and other-than-people are going to make me figure this out all by myself, aren't you? Is this part of my punishment, before you exterminate me and/or the human-race? I know there are people in the Vatican and the City of London who could make all of this clear to me in less than five-minutes. The self-proclaimed Ancient Egyptian Deity who I spoke with, could've told me everything -- but they wouldn't answer most of my questions. I sometimes think I was speaking with Archangel Gabriel -- but I mostly thought I was speaking with Archangel Lucifer. Just guesses, mind you, but whoever I was talking to was not just another human being -- I assure you. At this point, I think I can visualize what's been going on, and I don't like it one little bit. The silence is especially irritating. If I'm the Devil Incarnate -- let's talk about it. If I'm Lilith Incarnate -- let's talk about it. If I'm just another Completely Ignorant Fool -- let's talk about it. But really, I think I have this mostly figured-out -- but I have no idea what my fate is. I suspect that it's not good -- which is probably why no one is talking to me. I feel as though I am on Second-Death Row. Some of you even know what that means, don't you? Don't all of you answer at once. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9mFn9EhgU4 I'm frankly dropping everything, to study the Lilith subject. This might be central. I know that some of you know all about this. I was afraid of the 'Amen Ra' subject -- and it turned out that I had reason to be fearful. But really, the Lilith subject scares me even more -- for reasons I'd rather not share. Connecting the dots is exceedingly painful -- for a variety of reasons. This all seems to be a very dangerous and insane game. I'm afraid. Very afraid. What if we are dealing with Enlil in Conflict with Lilith? Enlil and Lilith. Think about it -- but don't strain yourselves. As usual, a conversation is not occurring. Why is that? Archibald Sayce (1882)[7] considered that Hebrew lilit (or lilith) Hebrew: לילית‎; and Akkadian: līlītu are from proto-Semitic. Charles Fossey (1902)[8] has this literally translating to "female night being/demon", although cuneiform inscriptions exist where Līlīt and Līlītu refers to disease-bearing wind spirits.[citation needed] Another possibility is association not with "night", but with "wind", thus identifying the Akkadian Lil-itu as a loan from the Sumerian lil, "air" — specifically from Ninlil, "lady air", goddess of the south wind (and wife of Enlil) — and itud, "moon". [citation needed]

    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Lilith_image2-206x300
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    Post  orthodoxymoron Wed Mar 07, 2012 2:28 am

    Here is the Wikipedia link for 'Enlil'. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlil

    Enlil (nlin), (EN = Lord + LÍL = Storm, "Lord (of the) Storm")[1] was the name of a chief deity listed and written about in Sumerian religion, and later in Akkadian, Hittite, Canaanite and other Mesopotamian clay and stone tablets. The name is perhaps pronounced and sometimes rendered in translations as Ellil in later Akkadian, Hittite, and Canaanite literature. In later Akkadian, Enlil is the son of Anshar and Kishar.

    Enlil was considered to be the god of breath, wind, loft and breadth (height and distance).[2]

    One story names his origins as the exhausted breath of An (god of the heavens) and Ki (goddess of the Earth) after sexual union.

    The myth of Enlil and Ninlil discusses when Enlil was a young god, he was banished from Dilmun, home of the gods, to Kur, the underworld for raping a goddess named Ninlil. Ninlil followed him to the underworld where she bore his first child, Nergal, and/or the moon god Sin (Sumerian Nanna/Suen). After fathering three more underworld-deities (substitutes for Sin), Enlil was allowed to return to Dilmun.[3][4]

    Enlil was known as the inventor of the mattock (a key agricultural pick, hoe, ax or digging tool of the Sumerians) and caused plants to grow.[5]

    Enlil, along with Anu/An, Enki and Ninhursag were gods of the Sumerians.[6]

    By his wife Ninlil or Sud, Enlil was father of the moon god Nanna/Suen (in Akkadian, Sin) and of Ninurta (also called Ningirsu). Enlil is the father of Nisaba the goddess of grain, of Pabilsag who is sometimes equated with Ninurta, and sometimes of Enbilulu. By Ereshkigal Enlil was father of Namtar.

    Enlil is associated with the ancient city of Nippur, sometimes referred to as the cult city of Enlil.[7] His temple was named Ekur, "House of the Mountain."[8] Enlil was assimilated to the north "Pole of the Ecliptic".[9] His sacred number name was 50.[10]

    As Enlil was the only god who could reach the heaven god An he held sway over the other gods who were assigned tasks by his agent and would travel to Nippur to draw in his power. He is thus seen as the model for kingship.[11]

    At a very early period prior to 3000 BC, Nippur had become the centre of a political district of considerable extent. Inscriptions found at Nippur, where extensive excavations were carried on during 1888–1900 by John P Peters and John Henry Haynes, under the auspices of the University of Pennsylvania, show that Enlil was the head of an extensive pantheon. Among the titles accorded to him are "king of lands", "king of heaven and earth", and "father of the gods".

    His chief temple at Nippur was known as Ekur, signifying 'House of the mountain', and such was the sanctity acquired by this edifice that Babylonian and Assyrian rulers, down to the latest days, vied with one another in embellishing and restoring Enlil's seat of worship, and the name Ekur became the designation of a temple in general.

    Grouped around the main sanctuary, there arose temples and chapels to the gods and goddesses who formed his court, so that Ekur became the name for an entire sacred precinct in the city of Nippur. The name "mountain house" suggests a lofty structure and was perhaps the designation originally of the staged tower at Nippur, built in imitation of a mountain, with the sacred shrine of the god on the top.

    Enlil was also the God of weather. According to the Sumerians, Enlil helped create the humans, but then got tired of their noise and tried to kill them by sending a flood. A mortal known as Utnapishtim survived the flood through the help of another god, Ea, and he was made immortal by Enlil after Enlil's initial fury.

    References^ Halloran, John A.; "Sumerian Lexicon: Version 3.0"; December 10th, 2006 at http://sumerian.org/sumerlex.htm
    ^ Neo-Sumerian inscriptions clay, Babylonia, 1900–1700 BC, image with translations on display at http://earth-history.com/Sumer/Clay-tablets.htm
    ^ [1].
    ^ ^ Sumerian Mythology: A Review Article Thorkild Jacobsen Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 5, No. 2. (April 1946), pp. 128-152.
    ^ Hooke. S.H., Middle Eastern Mythology, Dover Publications, 2004
    ^ Kramer, Samuel Noah, "The Sumerian Deluge Myth: Reviewed and Revised" Anatolian Studies, Vol. 33, Special Number in Honour of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett. (1983), pp. 115-121.
    ^ William W. Hallo, "Review: Enki and the Theology of Eridu", Journal of the American Oriental Society, 116:2 (Apr.–Jun. 1996), pp. 231–234
    ^ Reallexikon der Assyriologie II, p. 385.
    ^ Jeremias, Alfred 1913. Handbuch der altorientalischen Geisteskultur. Leipzig. p. 74.
    ^ Reallexikon der Assyriologie III. Götterzahlen. p. 500.
    ^ Kingship in the Mediterranean world, p. 5162a Grottanelli and Mander, Encyclopaedia of Religion, second edition 2005. Thomson Gale.
    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  EnlilWho Are Lilith and Enlil?  KudurrWho Are Lilith and Enlil?  Enki_enlil
    There isn't much of a Wikipedia section on 'Enlil' is there? What if Enlil was (and is) a Dragon (or at least some sort of Reptilian -- both spiritually and physically)? Would this harmonize with the Revelation depiction of a Dragon in Heaven? How about Carl Sagan's 'The Dragons of Eden'? What about Michael being wroth with the Dragon? What if Michael = Ninlil = Lilith? What if Gabriel replaced Michael after Michael and Enlil had a significant difference of opinion? Come-on! Stop laughing at me! This is serious! What if the universe really is stranger than we can think? What would JBS Haldane say?
    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Saphire_Enlil_Revisited_by_korstemplar
    I have come to the conclusion that I am finished -- and that I will be very harshly punished for attempting to make things better for everyone -- everywhere. The creation of Male and Female Human Physicality was probably heresy and rebellion in this universe. Freedom (even Responsible Freedom) is probably heresy and rebellion in this universe. I have never felt more helpless and desperate than I feel presently. Ethics seem to be of no consequence in this universe. Absolute Obedience seems to be EVERYTHING in this universe. I hope everyone is happy with what's coming -- and I hope someone remembers me -- because I don't think I'll be part of what's coming -- whether I wish to be, or not. I think my fate is sealed -- and that it's not a good one. But none of you seem to give a damn about any of this.

    I have observed (even in myself) that the Creation v Evolution debate is often Closed-Minded Pseudo-Intellectual Trench-Warfare -- rather than being Eclectic, Open-Minded, and Multi-Disciplinary. What if Darwin's Theory mostly applies to that which preceded the Human Being? What if most everything evolved over billions of years -- and that a product of this ancient evolutionary process (some form of humanoid) created the Human Being -- and that this creation (or genetic engineering) might've been an Illegal Innovation? Think about it.

    Imagine a Pre-Human Reptilian-Theocracy led by a Reptilian-Queen who expected Absolute-Obedience. This Hypothetical-Queen might've been the Benchmark of Everything. The 'Law of God' might've been every word that proceedeth out of the 'Mouth of God'. There might've been no Written 'Word of God'. There might've been no Constitution and Bill of Rights. There might've been no Governmental Body of any sort. Everything might've revolved around this Hypothetical Reptilian-Queen. Perhaps this state of affairs existed for millions, or even billions, of years. But what if an ambitious and clever underling decided to create the Human-Race and Responsible-Freedom -- clearly in defiance of the Reigning Queen? That would mean war, wouldn't it? War in Heaven, perhaps? What if the Humans eventually lost the war? What if the Humans have been punished, tortured, enslaved, taxed, lied-to, etc, etc, etc -- for tens of thousands of years -- by the Hypothetical Reptilian Empire -- to send a clear message to the entire universe -- to never, ever attempt anything similar to the Human-Rebellion? Is Humanity on the Verge of Extermination? Will Humanity revert to a Reptilian Theocracy? Status Quo Ante Bellum? Think about it.

    Some of you need to think very, very deeply about an Ancient One-Race, One-Religion, One-Government, One-God Theocratic Universe -- AND the Advent of Someone With a Better Idea -- who Created a New-Race, New-Religion, New-Governmnet, Poly-Theistic Solar System -- and the Reaction of the Galactic Powers That Be. I'm very, very, very , very serious about this. The problems connected with all of this are UNIMAGINABLE -- from the Innovation and the Status-Quo points of view. I will elaborate later -- but I am so upset, I can hardly type. Once again, are we about to experience 'Status Quo Ante Bellum'? Think about it.

    The following is highly speculative, and mostly off the top of my head (or something like that):

    IHS = Isis, Horus, Set?
    Isis = Lilith = Michael = Lucifer = Enki = Original 'Queen of Heaven'?
    Osiris = Horus = Adam = Enlil = God the Father = God of This World?
    Set = Eve = Gabriel = Marduk = Ra = Replacement 'Queen of Heaven'?
    We Three Reptilian Queens from Orion Are?
    Damned If I Know. Damned If I Don't Know. Damned If I Do. Damned If I Don't. Damn.

    You just keep ignoring me, and writing me off -- AT YOUR OWN PERIL. Some of you are guilty of GROSS NEGLIGENCE. YOU KNOW BETTER -- YET YOU DO NOTHING AND SAY NOTHING.

    Who Are Lilith and Enlil?  Sjff_01_img0077
    The Sovereign Reptilian Queen of the Air aka Lilith
    in a Tibetan Underground Base with Her New Creation.
    Just Wait Until Enlil Finds Out About This!!!
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vVQ73mMltT4&feature=related

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